Two cases of fatal insulin homicide resolved using combined immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence techniques.

Diabetes is a prevalent disease in modern society. Since the development and widespread use of synthetic insulin, its therapeutic application has become globally recognized for managing diabetes. However, excessive administration of insulin may lead to fatal outcomes.

A retrospective cohort study on enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in patients with diabetic foot ulcer.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been successfully integrated into a diverse array of surgical fields to improve the quality and efficacy of treatment intervention. Nonetheless, the application of the ERAS protocol for patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) subsequent to undergoing surgical procedures has not been previously explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of an enhanced recovery protocol on perioperative outcomes in patients with DFU following surgical procedures.

Texture differences of microchambers and macrochambers in heel pads between the elderly with and without diabetes.

Objective: This study aims to use the texture analysis of ultrasound images to distinguish the features of microchambers (a superficial thinner layer) and macrochambers (a deep thicker layer) in heel pads between the elderly with and without diabetes, so as to preliminarily explore whether texture analysis can identify the potential injury characteristics of deep tissue under the influence of diabetes before the obvious injury signs can be detected in clinical management.

Methods: Ultrasound images were obtained from the right heel (dominant leg) of eleven elderly people with diabetes (DM group) and eleven elderly people without diabetes (Non-DM group). The TekScan system was used to measure the peak plantar pressure (PPP) of each participant.

Review of the lethal mechanism of insulin poisoning and the characteristic of forensic identification.

Insulin, as the only hypoglycemic hormone in the body, plays a key role in blood sugar control. However, excessive insulin intake can lead to insulin poisoning and even death, which often occurs in clinical and forensic work. At present, some researches on insulin poisoning have been carried out at home and abroad, however, it seems that the mechanism and forensic characteristics of insulin poisoning are not clear and complete.

Identification of a murder caused by brodifacoum poisoning based on clinical examinations and LC-MS/MS results.

Brodifacoum exerts its antagonistic effect against the metabolism of vitamin K, an essential component in the synthesis of blood coagulation factors. This effect ultimately hinders the blood's capacity to clot effectively, rendering it a commonly employed rodenticide. Instances of lethal poisonings are exceedingly rare owing to expeditious medical intervention and treatment.

TSA-PACT: a method for tissue clearing and immunofluorescence staining on zebrafish brain with improved sensitivity, specificity and stability.

For comprehensive studies of the brain structure and function, fluorescence imaging of the whole brain is essential. It requires large-scale volumetric imaging in cellular or molecular resolution, which could be quite challenging. Recent advances in tissue clearing technology (e.

Inferior vena cava injury during percutaneous vertebroplasty: a rare cause of fatal pulmonary thromboembolism.

Fatal pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) following percutaneous vertebroplasty is rare in medical practice. Here, we report the case of a 70-year-old woman who suffered from lumbago with lower extremity pain and lameness and for whom lumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (L4, L5) were seen on MRI examination. Percutaneous vertebroplasty and posterior vertebral lamina fenestration discectomy were performed.

Role of integrin and its potential as a novel postmortem biomarker in traumatic axonal injury.

Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) accounts for a large proportion of the mortality of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The diagnosis of TAI is currently of limited use for medicolegal purposes. It is known that axons in TAI are diffusely damaged by secondary processes other than direct head injury.

The Biomechanics Effect of Hamstring Flexibility on the Risk of Osgood-Schlatter Disease.

Background: The relationship between hamstring flexibility and the risk of OSD continues to be a debate, and whether hamstring stretching exercises should be considered as one of the conservative treatments of OSD is still unclear.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between hamstring flexibility and the risk of OSD by assessing the changes of loading on the tibial tuberosity caused by the changes of hamstring optimal lengths.

Methods: Experimental data of a young adult running at 4 m/s were used, which were collected by an eight-camera motion capture system together with an instrumented treadmill.

Relationship Between Plantar Tissue Hardness and Plantar Pressure Distributions in People With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.

People with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are usually accompanied with increased plantar pressure. Such high plantar loading during daily activities may cause changes in the biomechanical properties of plantar soft tissue, whose viability is critical to the development of foot ulcers. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between plantar tissue hardness and plantar pressure in people with and without DPN, and preliminarily explore the influence of plantar loading patterns on the plantar pressure and tissue hardness.

Effect of Exercise Volume on Plantar Microcirculation and Tissue Hardness in People With Type 2 Diabetes.

Exercise has been reported to be beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but exercise, especially weight-bearing exercise, may increase the risk of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). This study aimed to explore the associations between different volumes of weight-bearing physical activities and plantar microcirculation and tissue hardness in people with T2DM. 130 elderly people with T2DM were enrolled for this cross-sectional study.

Sudden death due to a novel nonsense mutation in Marfan syndrome.

Background: Marfan syndrome is a hereditary connective tissue disease accompanied by autosomal dominant inheritance; that mainly arises from a mutation in the fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1). Aortic dissection and rupture are the common and lethal complications of MFS and may cause sudden unexpected death.

Method: A man aged 34 was admitted to the hospital due to persistent pain in his abdomen 12 h post-drinking and suddenly died 10 h later.

Effect of intermittent pneumatic compression with different inflation pressures on the distal microvascular responses of the foot in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) is commonly used to improve peripheral circulation of the lower extremity. However, its therapeutic dosage for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) at risk for ulcers is not well established. This study explored the effect of IPC with different inflation pressures on the distal microvascular responses of the foot in people with type 2 DM.

The effects of different accumulated pressure-time integral stimuli on plantar blood flow in people with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Exercise, especially weight-bearing exercise (e.g. walking), may affect plantar tissue viability due to prolonged repetitive high vertical and high shear pressure stimulus on the plantar tissue, and further induce development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

Bibliometric Insights in Genetic Factors of Substance-Related Disorders: Intellectual Developments, Turning Points, and Emerging Trends.

Substance-related disorders are a group of medical conditions that affect a person's brain and behavior and lead to an inability to control the use of legal or illegal drug(s) or medication. Substance-related disorder is a serious public health and society problem worldwide. Genetic factors have been proven to have an important role.

Combined Analysis of RNA Sequence and Microarray Data Reveals a Competing Endogenous RNA Network as Novel Prognostic Markers in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive cancer with short survival time. Unbalanced competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) have been shown to participate in the tumor pathogenesis and served as biomarkers for the clinical prognosis. However, the comprehensive analyses of the ceRNA network in the prognosis of MPM are still rarely reported.

A Bibliometric Insight of Genetic Factors in ASD: Emerging Trends and New Developments.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cases have increased rapidly in recent decades, which is associated with various genetic abnormalities. To provide a better understanding of the genetic factors in ASD, we assessed the global scientific output of the related studies. A total of 2944 studies published between 1997 and 2018 were included by systematic retrieval from the Web of Science (WoS) database, whose scientific landscapes were drawn and the tendencies and research frontiers were explored through bibliometric methods.

A novel splicing mutation in Marfan syndrome.

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disease involving multiple organs and systems such as cardiovascular, skeletal, and ocular systems and is also an autosomal dominant inheritance disorder.

Method: A 30-year-old woman was rushed into the hospital owing to sudden persistent pain in the abdomen and died suddenly 2 days later. To find the real cause of death, a forensic autopsy was conducted owing to suspected medical malpractice, and the diagnosis of MFS was made in accordance with the 2010 revised Ghent nosology.

A meta-analysis of the vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms associated with the risk of pre-eclampsia.

Unlabelled: Backgroud: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy-induced hypertension disease. Some case-control studies reported the association between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene polymorphisms (rs3025039, rs2010963) and PE risk. However, these associations were inconsistent in several studies.

Effects of Local Vibration With Different Intermittent Durations on Skin Blood Flow Responses in Diabetic People.

Poor blood flow supply is an important pathological factor that leads to the development and deterioration of diabetic foot ulcers. This study aims to investigate the acute effects of local vibration with varying intermittent durations on the plantar skin blood flow (SBF) response in diabetic and healthy subjects. Eleven diabetic patients (7 males, 4 females) and 15 healthy adults (6 males, 9 females) participated in this experiment and accepted three tests.

Integrated Transcriptome Analyses Revealed Key Target Genes in Mouse Models of Autism.

Genetic mutations are the major pathogenic factor of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In recent years, more and more ASD risk genes have been revealed, among which there are a group of transcriptional regulators. Considering the similarity of the core clinical phenotypes, it is possible that these different factors may regulate the expression levels of certain key targets.

Sudden Death Due to Primary Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Report of Two Cases.

Primary intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) is a rare type of stroke defined as bleeding within the ventricles of the brain without any associated parenchymal hemorrhage. Here, we reported two cases of sudden death due to PIVH. One of the patients was found dead under a highway bridge without witnesses, and the other patient was hospitalized with hemorrhage in the ventricular system, as revealed by a head computed tomography scan.

The Warburg effect in human pancreatic cancer cells triggers cachexia in athymic mice carrying the cancer cells.

Background: Cancer cachexia is a cancer-induced metabolic disorder and a major cause of cancer-induced death. The constituents of cancer cachexia include an increase in energy expenditure, hepatic gluconeogenesis, fat lipolysis, and skeletal-muscle proteolysis and a decrease in body weight. The aetiology of cancer cachexia is unclear and may involve cancer-cell metabolism and secretion.

Pathologic Studies of Fatal Encephalomyelitis in Children Caused by Enterovirus 71.

Objectives: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the major pathogen of hand, foot, and mouth disease and can cause death; however, its pathogenesis remains elusive.

Methods: We performed a detailed systematic histopathologic examination and molecular studies on six autopsy cases of EV71 infection using H&E, immunohistochemistry, double immunofluorescence staining, and nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Characteristic features of acute encephalomyelitis were observed.

Fatal liver cyst rupture in polycystic liver disease complicated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: A case report.

A 59-year-old man was struck in the abdomen and later presented to the emergency room. His blood pressure dropped and eventually died 16h post trauma and just before emergency exploratory laparotomy. Autopsy revealed two polycystic kidneys and a giant polycystic liver with two ruptures.