Appendectomy and the risk of microscopic colitis - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Microscopic colitis (MC), a chronic intestinal inflammatory disorder characterised by persistent watery diarrhoea, is categorised into collagenous and lymphocytic subtypes. Recent studies suggest that appendectomy influences the risk of MC, although the evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis of available research was conducted to clarify the relationship between appendectomy and MC risk.

Role of silane compatibilization on cellulose nanofiber reinforced poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites with superior mechanical properties, thermal stability, and tunable degradation rates.

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a widely produced bio-based polymer known for its biodegradability and renewability, but its brittleness, low heat resistance, and weak mechanical properties limit its broader use. To address these challenges, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF) were extracted from dissolving pulp using TEMPO oxidation and high-pressure homogenization. These TOCNF were modified with silane to reduce hydrophilicity and improve compatibility with PLA.

Antiviral signaling of a type III CRISPR-associated deaminase.

Prokaryotes have evolved diverse defense strategies against viral infection, such as foreign nucleic acid degradation by CRISPR-Cas systems and DNA/RNA synthesis inhibition via nucleotide pool depletion. Here, we report an antiviral mechanism of type III CRISPR-Cas-regulated ATP depletion, where ATP is converted into ITP by CRISPR-Cas-associated adenosine deaminase (CAAD) upon activation by either cA or cA, followed by hydrolysis into IMP by Nudix hydrolase, ultimately resulting in cell growth arrest. The cryo-electron microscopy structures of CAAD in its apo and activated forms, together with biochemical evidence, revealed how cA/cA binds to the CARF domain and abrogates CAAD autoinhibition, inducing substantial conformational changes that reshape the structure of CAAD and induce its deaminase activity.

Inhibitory effects characteristics of polysaccharide of Polygonati Rhizome on cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Purpose: As the major active ingredient of Polygonatum sibriricum Red., polysaccharide of Polygonati Rhizome (PSP) has been reported to possess various pharmacological activities, especially for the treatment of chronic disorders in the elderly. This study evaluated the effect of PSP on the activities of major cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) isoforms, aiming to provide theoretical reference for its co-prescription with other drugs and prevent the risk of adverse drug-drug interaction.

Copper pyrazole addition regulates soil mineral nitrogen turnover by mediating microbial traits.

The huge amount of urea applied has necessitated best-developed practices to slow down the release of nitrogen (N) fertilizer while minimizing nitrate loss. However, the impact of nitrification inhibitors on mineral-N turnover and the associated microbial mechanisms at different stages remains unknown. A 60-day incubation experiment was conducted with four treatments: no fertilizer (CK), urea (U), urea with copper pyrazole (UC), and urea coated with copper pyrazole (SUC), to evaluate the changes about soil ammonia N ( -N) and nitrate N ( -N) levels as well as in soil microbial community throughout the whole incubation period.

Effects of feeding patterns on production performance, lipo-nutritional quality and gut microbiota of Sunit sheep.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of feeding patterns on the production performance, lipo-nutritional quality, and gut microbiota of Sunit sheep. A total of 24 sheep were assigned to two groups: confinement feeding (CF) and pasture feeding (PF) groups. After 90 days, the CF group exhibited significantly increased average daily gain, carcass weight, backfat thickness, and intramuscular fat content of the sheep, whereas the PF group showed significantly increased pH and decreased L value and cooking loss of the longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle (P < 0.

Unearthing the Potential Therapeutic Effects of Oxyresveratrol Based on Intrinsic Links between Pharmacological Effects: Implications for the Gut-Liver-Brain Axis.

Oxyresveratrol is a stilbene compound with a simple chemical structure and various therapeutic potentials. This study summarized and analyzed the multiple pharmacological effects and mechanisms of oxyresveratrol, identifying its prominent performance in neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, and anti-inflammatory activities in the intestines. By integrating the pharmacological effects of oxyresveratrol with insights from the network pharmacology and molecular docking of its interactions with targets linked to gut-liver-brain axis disorders, it has been shown that oxyresveratrol may hold promise for the treatment of gut-liver-brain axis-related disorders.

Efficacy and safety of TACE combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and camrelizumab for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and camrelizumab (collectively: T-T-C) is a novel treatment strategy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of T-T-C compared with TACE combined with TKIs only (T-T) in the treatment of patients with unresectable HCC. A systematic literature search was conducted on T-T and T-T-C using PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library.

Neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio is a potential marker of intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in Kawasaki disease.

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance in Kawasaki disease (KD) was associated with coronary artery lesions. Neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) is an index of mortality in several inflammatory diseases. This study focused on the association of NPAR with IVIG- resistance in KD.

Conservation tillage facilitates the accumulation of soil organic carbon fractions by affecting the microbial community in an eolian sandy soil.

Conservation tillage (CT) is an important agronomic measure that facilitates soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation by reducing soil disturbance and plant residue mulching, thus increasing crop yields, improving soil fertility and achieving C neutrality. However, our understanding of the microbial mechanism underlying SOC fraction accumulation under different tillage practices is still lacking. Here, a 6-year field experiment was carried out to explore the effects of CT and traditional tillage (CK) practices on SOC fractions in an eolian sandy soil.

Salvage liver transplantation versus curative treatment for patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Salvage liver transplantation (SLT) is an effective treatment option for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) following primary curative treatment (CUR). However, its efficacy remains controversial compared to that of CURs, including repeat liver resection (RLR) and local ablation. This meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of these procedures.

Effect of Glycolipids Application Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Maize Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield.

Microbial-driven N turnover is important in regulating N fertilizer use efficiency through the secretion of metabolites like glycolipids. Currently, our understanding of the potential of glycolipids to partially reduce N fertilizer use and the effects of glycolipids on crop yield and N use efficiency is still limited. Here, a three-year in situ field experiment was conducted with seven treatments: no fertilization (CK); chemical N, phosphorus and potassium (NPK); NPK plus glycolipids (N+PKT); and PK plus glycolipids with 10% (0.

Lightweight semantic segmentation network for tumor cell nuclei and skin lesion.

In the field of medical image segmentation, achieving fast and accurate semantic segmentation of tumor cell nuclei and skin lesions is of significant importance. However, the considerable variations in skin lesion forms and cell types pose challenges to attaining high network accuracy and robustness. Additionally, as network depth increases, the growing parameter size and computational complexity make practical implementation difficult.

Silica Polymerization Driving Opposite Effects of pH on Aqueous Carbonation Using Crystalline and Amorphous Calcium Silicates.

The aqueous carbonation of calcium silicate (CS), a representative alkaline-earth silicate, has been widely explored in studies of carbon dioxide (CO) mineralization. In this context, we conducted a specific comparison of the carbonation behaviors between the crystalline calcium silicate (CCS) and amorphous calcium silicate (ACS) across a pH range from 9.0 to 12.

Narrow-Band Green-Emitting Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Eu (II)-Iodides for Next-Generation Micro-LED Displays.

Low-dimensional metal halide perovskites are an emerging class of light-emitting materials for LED-based displays; however, their B-site cations are confined to ns, d and d metals. Here, the design of divalent rare earth ions at B-site is presented and a novel Eu(II)-based iodide hybrid is reported with efficient (PLQY ≈98%) narrow-band (FWHM ≈43 nm) green emission and high thermal stability (97%@150 °C). Owing to reduced lattice vibrations and shrunken average distance of Eu(II)-iodide bonds in the face-sharing 1D-structure, photoluminescence from Eu(II) 4f-5d transition appears along with elevated crystal-field splitting of 5d energy level.

Nourishing Yin traditional Chinese medicine: potential role in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a common and frequently occurring disease in contemporary society, has become a global health threat. However, current mainstream methods of prevention and treatment, mainly including oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin injections, do not fundamentally block the progression of T2DM. Therefore, it is imperative to find new ways to prevent and treat diabetes.

Vehicle re-identification method based on multi-attribute dense linking network combined with distance control module.

Introduction: Vehicle re-identification is a crucial task in intelligent transportation systems, presenting enduring challenges. The primary challenge involves the inefficiency of vehicle re-identification, necessitating substantial time for recognition within extensive datasets. A secondary challenge arises from notable image variations of the same vehicle due to differing shooting angles, lighting conditions, and diverse camera equipment, leading to reduced accuracy.

Long-term conservation tillage enhances microbial carbon use efficiency by altering multitrophic interactions in soil.

Microbial carbon (C) use efficiency (CUE) plays a key role in soil C storage. The predation of protists on bacteria and fungi has potential impacts on the global C cycle. However, under conservation tillage conditions, the effects of multitrophic interactions on soil microbial CUE are still unclear.