Rutin Attenuates Distraction Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting Microglial Inflammation Through Downregulation of P38 MAPK/NF-κB/STAT3 Pathway.

Distraction spinal cord injury (DSCI) is a severe complication following scoliosis correction surgery, for which there are currently no effective clinical treatments. This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory effects of rutin, a natural product, on inflammation in DSCI and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. In vitro, microglial cells were exposed directly to rutin to assess its ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation.

Hydrogel and Nanomedicine-Based Multimodal Therapeutic Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurodegenerative disease caused by mechanical and biological factors, manifesting as a loss of motor and sensory functions. Inhibition of injury expansion and even reversal of injury in the acute damage stage of SCI are important strategies for treating this disease. Hydrogels and nanoparticle (NP)-based drugs are the most effective, widely studied, and clinically valuable therapeutic strategies in the field of repair and regeneration.

Neurophysiological, histological, and behavioral characterization of animal models of distraction spinal cord injury: a systematic review.

Distraction spinal cord injury is caused by some degree of distraction or longitudinal tension on the spinal cord and commonly occurs in patients who undergo corrective operation for severe spinal deformity. With the increased degree and duration of distraction, spinal cord injuries become more serious in terms of their neurophysiology, histology, and behavior. Very few studies have been published on the specific characteristics of distraction spinal cord injury.

Advances in epigenetic research of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and congenital scoliosis.

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional structural deformity of the spine; more than 80% of scoliosis has no specific pathogenesis but is understood to be closely related to genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. In recent years, the epigenetic alterations observed in scoliosis have been analyzed in numerous studies to determine the pathogenesis and progression of this condition, however, there is currently no comprehensive review of the epigenetic factors to date. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for relative studies without language and date restrictions in March 2023.

Comparison of the Radiographic and Clinical Outcome Changes in Patients With Spinal Deformity Before and After Stretching DanceExercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to compare radiographic and clinical outcomes of scoliosis and thoracic hyperkyphosis before and after stretching-based exercises.

Methods: Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were comprehensively searched for relevant studies from their inception to June 2022. Radiographic outcomes, including the Cobb angle of the main curve and thoracic kyphosis, and clinical outcomes, including the angle of trunk rotation (ATR), chest expansion, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and Scoliosis Research Society-22 Patient Questionnaire (SRS-22), were extracted.

The Incidence, Changes and Treatments of Cervical Deformity After Infection and Inflammation.

A healthy cervical spine with normal movement is the basis of many daily activities and is essential for maintaining a good quality of life. However, the alignment, fusion, and structure of the cervical spine can change for various reasons, leading to cervical deformity, mainly kyphosis. Approximately 5%‒20% of spinal infections in the cervical spine cause cervical deformity.

Surgical Treatment of Scoliosis Lenke Type 5, Anterior Versus Posterior, Which Approach is Better?: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the radiographical and clinical outcomes between anterior spinal fusion (ASF) and posterior spinal fusion (PSF) in Lenke type 5 adolescence idiopathic scoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: PSF has been the standard operation for adolescence idiopathic scoliosis.

OLIF versus ALIF: Which is the better surgical approach for degenerative lumbar disease? A systematic review.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographical outcomes between OLIF and ALIF in treating lumbar degenerative diseases.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for relevant studies. Changes in disc height (DH), segmental lordosis angle (SLA), lumbar lordosis (LL), visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and Oswestry disability index (ODI) between baseline and final follow-up, along with other important surgical outcomes, were assessed and analysed.

The Role of Microglia/Macrophages Activation and TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK Pathway in Distraction Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Inflammation.

Distraction spinal cord injuries (DSCIs) often occur as the neurological complication of distraction forces following the implantation of internal fixation devices during scoliosis correction surgery. However, the underlying mechanism behind these injuries remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the activation of microglia and macrophages, as well as changes in TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPK pathway activity after DSCIs in Bama miniature pigs.

Mechanism of Action of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in the Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Treatment and Bone Repair and Regeneration.

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles formed by various donor cells that regulate gene expression and cellular function in recipient cells. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exos) perform the regulatory function of stem cells by transporting proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the main causes of low back pain, and it is characterized by a decreased number of nucleus pulposus cells, extracellular matrix decomposition, aging of the annulus fibrosus, and cartilage endplate calcification.