Incorporating Parcel-Based Housing Conditions to Increase the Precision of Identifying Children With Elevated Blood Lead.

Context: Area-level predictive models are commonly used to screen children for blood lead levels (BLLs) greater than the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) blood lead reference value (BLRV) of 3.5 µg/dL.

Objectives: To increase screening accuracy and precision by creating a parcel-level model incorporating housing characteristics to predict parcels where children are at high risk.

Single-cell transcriptome atlas of peripheral immune features to Omicron breakthrough infection under booster vaccination strategies.

Introduction: The high percentage of Omicron breakthrough infection in vaccinees is an emerging problem, of which we have a limited understanding of the phenomenon.

Methods: We performed single-cell transcriptome coupled with T-cell/B-cell receptor (TCR/BCR) sequencing in 15 peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples from Omicron infection and naïve with booster vaccination.

Results: We found that after breakthrough infection, multiple cell clusters showed activation of the type I IFN pathway and widespread expression of Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs); T and B lymphocytes exhibited antiviral and proinflammatory-related differentiation features with pseudo-time trajectories; and large TCR clonal expansions were concentrated in effector CD8 T cells, and clonal expansions of BCRs showed a preference for IGHV3.

The giant genome of lily provides insights into the hybridization of cultivated lilies.

Lilies are economically important monocots known for their ornamental flowers, bulbs, and large genomes. The absence of their genomic information has impeded evolutionary studies and genome-based breeding efforts. Here, we present reference genomes for Lilium sargentiae (lily, 35.

Multi-Institutional Study of Multimodal Analgesia Practice, Pain Trajectories, and Recovery Trends After Spine Fusion for Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Background: Posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery for correction of idiopathic scoliosis is associated with chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP). In this multicenter study, we describe perioperative multimodal analgesic (MMA) management and characterize postoperative pain, disability, and quality of life over 12 months after PSF in adolescents and young adults.

Methods: Subjects (8-25 years) undergoing PSF were recruited at 6 sites in the United States between 2016 and 2023.

Total Serum Immunoglobulin E in a Cohort of Children with Food Allergy.

Background: Total serum immunoglobulin E (TsIgE) has not been examined in children with food allergy.

Objective: Evaluate associations of TsIgE with patient, household, environmental and community-level characteristics among children with food allergy.

Method: Linear mixed effect models of data from 398 Black and/or African American (B/AA) and White and/or European American (W/EA) children with allergist-diagnosed food allergy from the multi-center, observational cohort FORWARD; TsIgE in kU/L was the primary outcome measure.

Predicting the potential distribution of Astragali Radix in China under climate change adopting the MaxEnt model.

Introduction: Astragali Radix is the dried root of Astragalus mongoliae or Astragalus membranaceus, a leguminous plant. Since ancient times, Astragali Radix has been widely used in Chinese traditional Chinese medicine. As people become more health-conscious, the market demand for Astragali Radix grows and its popularity is increasing in the international market.

Transcriptome Profiles Characteristics of the Peripheral Immune in Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome.

Purpose: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an acute viral infection disease with a high mortality, but there are no specific effective drugs or vaccines available for use. To develop effective treatment methods, more basic researches are urgently needed to elucidate the response mechanisms of patients.

Patients And Methods: Here, we conducted the transcriptomic analysis of peripheral immunity in 14 SFTS patients, ranging from moderate infection to severe and fatal disease.

Epidemic Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Patterns of HFRS in Qingdao City, China, 2010-2022.

Objective: This study investigated the epidemic characteristics and spatio-temporal dynamics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Qingdao City, China.

Methods: Information was collected on HFRS cases in Qingdao City from 2010 to 2022. Descriptive epidemiologic, seasonal decomposition, spatial autocorrelation, and spatio-temporal cluster analyses were performed.

Caregiver Adverse Childhood Experiences and Pediatric Infection-Related Outcomes.

Background: Higher caregiver-adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with multiple adverse pediatric outcomes. However, no studies have examined links between caregiver ACEs and infectious outcomes like antibiotic prescriptions or infection-related clinical encounters.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including patients from 2 pediatric primary care sites, serving predominantly non-Hispanic Black, publicly insured populations.

The role of cytokines in acute and chronic postsurgical pain after major musculoskeletal surgeries in a quaternary pediatric center.

Study Objective: To determine if baseline cytokines/chemokines and their changes over postoperative days 0-2 (POD0-2) predict acute and chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after major surgery.

Design: Prospective, observational, longitudinal nested study.

Setting: University-affiliated quaternary children's hospital.

Jasmonate/ethylene- and NaWRKY6/3-regulated Alternaria resistance depends on ethylene response factor 1B-like in Nicotiana attenuata.

Biosynthesis of the phytoalexins scopoletin and scopolin in Nicotiana species is regulated by upstream signals including jasmonate (JA), ethylene (ET), and NaWRKY3 in response to the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria alternata, which causes brown spot disease. However, how these signals are coordinated to regulate these phytoalexins remains unknown. By analyzing RNA sequencing data and RNAi, we identified NaERF1B-like (NaERF1B-L) as a key player in Nicotiana attenuata during A.

Racial Fairness of Individual- and Community-Level Proxies of Socioeconomic Status Among Birthing Parent-Child Dyads.

Background: While precision medicine algorithms can be used to improve health outcomes, concerns have been raised about racial equity and unintentional harm from encoded biases. In this study, we evaluated the fairness of using common individual- and community-level proxies of pediatric socioeconomic status (SES) such as insurance status and community deprivation index often utilized in precision medicine algorithms.

Methods: Using 2012-2021 vital records obtained from the Ohio Department of Health, we geocoded and matched each residential birth address to a census tract to obtain community deprivation index.

Characterizing Inequities in Pediatric Appendicitis Delayed Diagnosis and Perforation.

Objective: We sought to characterize the impact of a child's sociodemographic characteristics on their odds of delayed diagnosis and perforation in pediatric appendicitis.

Study Design: We performed a single-center, retrospective cohort study of all pediatric appendicitis admissions between 2016 and 2021. Using a multivariable model, we evaluated for associations between delayed diagnosis and perforation and a child's sociodemographic characteristics, including their age, sex, race and ethnicity, insurance status, and their home census-tract Material Community Deprivation Index value.

Development of a multimodal geomarker pipeline to assess the impact of social, economic, and environmental factors on pediatric health outcomes.

Objectives: We sought to create a computational pipeline for attaching geomarkers, contextual or geographic measures that influence or predict health, to electronic health records at scale, including developing a tool for matching addresses to parcels to assess the impact of housing characteristics on pediatric health.

Materials And Methods: We created a geomarker pipeline to link residential addresses from hospital admissions at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) between July 2016 and June 2022 to place-based data. Linkage methods included by date of admission, geocoding to census tract, street range geocoding, and probabilistic address matching.

Next-Generation Sequencing Data-Based Association Testing of a Group of Genetic Markers for Complex Responses Using a Generalized Linear Model Framework.

Association testing has been widely used to study the relationship between genetic variants and phenotypes. Most association testing methods are genotype-based, i.e.

The Role of Cytokines in Acute and Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Pediatric Patients after Major Musculoskeletal Surgeries.

Study Objective: To determine if baseline cytokines and their changes over postoperative days 0-2 (POD0-2) predict acute and chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after major surgery.

Design: Prospective, observational, longitudinal nested study.

Setting: University-affiliated quaternary children's hospital.

Causal Mediation of Neighborhood-Level Pediatric Hospitalization Inequities.

Background And Objectives: Population-wide racial inequities in child health outcomes are well documented. Less is known about causal pathways linking inequities and social, economic, and environmental exposures. Here, we sought to estimate the total inequities in population-level hospitalization rates and determine how much is mediated by place-based exposures and community characteristics.

Antibody and transcription landscape in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of elderly adults over 70 years of age with third dose of COVID-19 BBIBP-CorV and ZF2001 booster vaccine.

Background: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and extensive vaccination, it is important to explore the immune response of elderly adults to homologous and heterologous booster vaccines of COVID-19. At this point, we detected serum IgG antibodies and PBMC sample transcriptome profiles in 46 participants under 70 years old and 25 participants over 70 years old who received the third dose of the BBIBP-CorV and ZF2001 vaccines.

Results: On day 7, the antibody levels of people over 70 years old after the third dose of booster vaccine were lower than those of young people, and the transcriptional responses of innate and adaptive immunity were also weak.

Hepatic portal venous gas complication associated with the thoracic endovascular aortic repair for aortic dissection: a case report and literature review.

Aortic dissection (AD) is a serious disease with a higher mortality. The thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is a first line regimen for aortic dissection. Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) is a rare disease, and its definite mechanism is unknown.

Assessing Mailuoning injection in wound healing and thrombophlebitis management: A rat model study.

Thrombophlebitis is the inflammatory condition characterized by obstruction of one or more vessels, commonly in the legs, due to the formation of blood clots. It has been reported that traditional Chinese medicine, including Mailuoning injection, is advantageous for treating inflammatory and blood disorders. This research assessed the therapeutic efficacy of Mailuoning injection in the treatment of thrombophlebitis in rodents, as well as investigated its impact on fibrinolysis, inflammation, and coagulation.

Disruption of the Contents of Endogenous Hormones Cause Pollen Development Obstruction and Abortion in Male-Sterile Hybrid Lily Populations.

Lilies are well-known flowers with large anthers and a high quantity of pollen that easily contaminates clothing and tepals. The anthers need to be artificially removed, leading to production problems. Cultivating male-sterile or pollen-free lilies could solve these problems.

Heterologous Expression of Modifies Flower Color Pigmentation in Tobacco.

Flavonoid-3',5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H) is the key enzyme for the biosynthesis of delphinidin-based anthocyanins, which are generally required for purple or blue flowers. Previously, we isolated a full-length cDNA of from , which shared the highest homology with . In this study, was subcloned into a plant over-expression vector and transformed into tobacco via to investigate its catalytic function.