Impact of different respiratory gating methods on target delineation and a radiotherapy plan for solitary pulmonary tumors.

Background And Purpose: Respiratory movement has an important impact on the radiotherapy for lung tumor. Respiratory gating technology is helpful to improve the accuracy of target delineation. This study investigated the value of prospective and retrospective respiratory gating simulations in target delineation and radiotherapy plan design for solitary pulmonary tumors (SPTs) in radiotherapy.

CT-based radiomics combined with hematologic parameters for survival prediction in locally advanced esophageal cancer patients receiving definitive chemoradiotherapy.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of radiomics in conjunction with hematological parameters in relation to the overall survival (OS) of individuals diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) following definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT).

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, a total of 122 patients with locally advanced ESCC were included. These patients were randomly assigned to either the training cohort (n = 85) or the validation cohort (n = 37).

Volumetric modulated arc therapy for hippocampal-sparing prophylactic cranial irradiation: Planning comparison of Halcyon and C-arm accelerators.

Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the dosimetry of the Halcyon in prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and hippocampal-sparing for small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Methods: Five VMAT plans were designed on CT images of 15 patients diagnosed with SCLC and received PCI. Three plans with two full arcs were generated on the Trilogy and the TrueBeam accelerators, and flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter free (FFF) modes were used on TrueBeam.

Response Prediction Using F-FAPI-04 PET/CT in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy.

This prospective study examined whether imaging results obtained using the tracer F-AlF-NOTA-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-04 (denoted as F-FAPI-04) in PET/CT can predict the short-term outcome in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The 18 enrolled LA-ESCC patients underwent F-FAPI-04 PET/CT scanning before CCRT. The SUV, SUV, SUV, metabolic tumor volume, and total lesion fibroblast activation protein expression of the primary tumor were recorded.

Extended Maxillary Osteotomy Guide: A Design That Allows Manipulation of the Osteotomy Direction on the Posterior and Inner Walls of the Maxilla.

Purpose: Design an extended osteotomy guide (EOG) for Le Fort I osteotomy to improve the safety of surgery.

Materials And Methods: The digital Le Fort I osteotomy guide was designed in MIMICS 23.0.

Diagnostic Value of F-NOTA-FAPI PET/CT in a Rat Model of Radiation-Induced Lung Damage.

In this study, we explore the diagnostic value of a novel PET/CT imaging tracer that specifically targets fibroblast activation protein (FAP), F-NOTA-FAPI, in a radiation induced lung damage (RILD) rat model. High focal radiation (40, 60, or 90 Gy) was administered to a 5-mm diameter area of the right lung in Wistar rats for evaluation of RILD induction. Lung tissues exposed to 90 Gy radiation were scanned with F-NOTA-FAPI PET/CT and with F-FDG.

Demonstration of quasi-real-time intrafractional motion in esophageal cancer radiotherapy provided by ExacTrac X-ray snap verification.

Objective: To investigate the following hypotheses: (1) ExacTrac X-ray Snap Verification (ET-SV) is an alternative to CBCT for positioning patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC), (2) ET-SV can detect displacement in EC patients during radiotherapy (RT) and (3) EC patients can be feasibly monitored in quasi-real-time with ET-SV during RT.

Methods: Anthropomorphic phantoms and 13 patients were included in this study. CBCT and ET-SV were both implemented before treatment delivery to detect displacement, and their correction results were compared.

Reproducibility for Hepatocellular Carcinoma CT Radiomic Features: Influence of Delineation Variability Based on 3D-CT, 4D-CT and Multiple-Parameter MR Images.

Purpose: Accurate lesion segmentation is a prerequisite for radiomic feature extraction. It helps to reduce the features variability so as to improve the reporting quality of radiomics study. In this research, we aimed to conduct a radiomic feature reproducibility test of inter-/intra-observer delineation variability in hepatocellular carcinoma using 3D-CT images, 4D-CT images and multiple-parameter MR images.

Feasibility evaluation of kilovoltage cone-beam computed tomography dose calculation following scatter correction: investigations of phantom and representative tumor sites.

Background: To study the feasibility of kilovoltage cone-beam computed tomography (KV-CBCT) dose calculation following scatter correction.

Methods: CIRS 062 and Catphan 504 phantoms were used in this study, and 40 randomly selected subjects representing a variety of cases (ten head cancer cases, ten chest cancer cases, ten abdominal cancer cases and ten pelvic cavity cancer cases) were enrolled. We developed in-house software called the cone-beam CT imaging toolkit (CITK) to improve the quality of CBCT images.

Developing and validating a deep learning and radiomic model for glioma grading using multiplanar reconstructed magnetic resonance contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging: a robust, multi-institutional study.

Background: Although surgical pathology or biopsy are considered the gold standard for glioma grading, these procedures have limitations. This study set out to evaluate and validate the predictive performance of a deep learning radiomics model based on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted multiplanar reconstruction images for grading gliomas.

Methods: Patients from three institutions who diagnosed with gliomas by surgical specimen and multiplanar reconstructed (MPR) images were enrolled in this study.

"Digital Simulation of Osteotomy Reduction of a Prominent Zygomatic Arch".

Objective: To analyze the value of simulated surgery in predicting the outcome of individualized surgical reduction of a prominent zygomatic arch.

Methods: Computed tomography data were obtained from the electronic records of 15 patients who underwent surgery at Tianjin Stomatological Hospital for prominent zygoma. The data were imported into Mimics 23.

Development and validation of radiomics model built by incorporating machine learning for identifying liver fibrosis and early-stage cirrhosis.

Background: Liver fibrosis (LF) continues to develop and eventually progresses to cirrhosis. However, LF and early-stage cirrhosis (ESC) can be reversed in some cases, while advanced cirrhosis is almost impossible to cure. Advances in quantitative imaging techniques have made it possible to replace the gold standard biopsy method with non-invasive imaging, such as radiomics.

Geometric accuracy evaluation of a six-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) couch with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) using a phantom and correlation study of the position errors in pelvic tumor radiotherapy.

Background: To assess the position accuracy of the six-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) couch based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and exploit the correlation of the six degrees errors.

Methods: CT scans of an anthropomorphic phantom and patients were obtained at 3 mm slice thicknesses using a Philips scanner at the head, first supine and prostrate positions. An Eclipse Treatment Planning System was used to create a treatment plan.

Development and Validation of a Radiomics Nomogram Model for Predicting Postoperative Recurrence in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer Who Achieved pCR After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery.

Although patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) can achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery, one-third of these patients with a pCR may still experience recurrence. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a predictive model to estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS) in those patients who achieved pCR. Two hundred six patients with ESCC were enrolled and divided into a training cohort ( = 146) and a validation cohort ( = 60).

Using CT texture analysis to differentiate between peripheral lung cancer and pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor.

Background: This study is to distinguish peripheral lung cancer and pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor using CT-radiomics features extracted from PET/CT images.

Methods: In this study, the standard 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET/CT) images of 21 patients with pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor (PIPT) and 21 patients with peripheral lung cancer were retrospectively collected. The dataset was used to extract CT-radiomics features from regions of interest (ROI), The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to screen the robust feature from all the radiomic features.

Discrimination of mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes in NSCLC based on radiomic features in different phases of CT imaging.

Background: We aimed to develop radiomic models based on different phases of computed tomography (CT) imaging and to investigate the efficacy of models for diagnosing mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Eighty-six NSCLC patients were enrolled in this study, and we selected 231 mediastinal LNs confirmed by pathology results as the subjects which were divided into training (n = 163) and validation cohorts (n = 68). The regions of interest (ROIs) were delineated on CT scans in the plain phase, arterial phase and venous phase, respectively.

Heart and Cardiac Substructure Dose Sparing in Synchronous Bilateral Breast Radiotherapy: A Dosimetric Study of Proton and Photon Radiation Therapy.

Synchronous bilateral breast cancer (SBBC) is rare. The purpose of this study was to compare the dosimetric differences in intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT), helical tomotherapy (HT), and intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) to find an optimal radiotherapy technique for bilateral breast cancer radiotherapy. For 11 patients who received synchronous bilateral whole-breast irradiation without local lymph nodal regions, six plans were designed for each patient: IMRT with a single isocenter (IMRT-ISO1), IMRT with two isocenters (IMRT-ISO2), VMAT with a single isocenter (VMAT-ISO1), VMAT with two isocenters (VMAT-ISO2), HT, and IMPT.

Use CT Imaging to Predict the Short-Term Outcome of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: To extract the computed tomography (CT) imaging features of the primary lesions in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to study whether these imaging features can predict the short-term outcome after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods: From January 2014 to December 2015, a total of 49 patients with locally advanced ESCC who underwent CCRT were analyzed retrospectively. They were randomly categorized into the training and validation groups.

Dosimetric study of three-dimensional static and dynamic SBRT radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma based on 4DCT image deformable registration.

The purpose of this work was to determine the actual dose received by normal tissues during four-dimensional radiation therapy (4DRT) composed of ten phases of four-dimensional computer tomography (4DCT) images. The analysis was performed by tracking the hepatocellular carcinoma SBRT. Data were acquired from the tracking of each phase with the beam aperture for 28 hepatocellular carcinoma patients, and the data were used to generate a cumulative plan, which was compared to a three-dimensional (3D) plan formed from a merged target volume based on 4DCT images in a radiation treatment planning system (TPS).