Factors influencing axial elongation in myopic children using overnight orthokeratology.

Several factors influence axial length in children with myopia treated using overnight orthokeratology. To identify these factors, this retrospective study collected axial length and corneal aberration data on 78 eyes before and 1-year after orthokeratology. Patients were divided according to axial elongation (cut-off, 0.

Machine learning for predicting the treatment effect of orthokeratology in children.

Purpose: Myopia treatment using orthokeratology (ortho-k) slows myopia progression. However, it is not equally effective in all patients. We aimed to predict the treatment effect of ortho-k using a machine-learning-assisted (ML) prediction model.

Synergistic effects of defocus-incorporated multiple segments and atropine in slowing the progression of myopia.

Myopia is a leading cause of visual impairment in young people worldwide. It sometimes increases the risk of blindness and reduces life quality. Previous reports have revealed the treatment effects of defocus-incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) and topical atropine (ATP) on myopia control.

Red light irradiation as an intervention for myopia.

Myopia is one of the main causes of visual impairment worldwide. Preventing myopia and providing myopia-related interventions are of paramount importance. Based on a thorough review of the available literature, we conclude that red light irradiation can produce hyperopia, resulting in myopia prevention and control.

Retardation of Myopia by Multifocal Soft Contact Lens and Orthokeratology: A 1-Year Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: This randomized, single-blind, clinical trial compared the effectiveness of multifocal soft contact lenses (MFSCLs), orthokeratology contact lenses (Ortho-kCLs), and single vision spectacles (SVSs) for myopia control.

Methods: Sixty-six eligible Chinese subjects, aged 7 to 15 years old with cycloplegic refraction measurements between -1.00 and -8.

Mapping research trends of chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease from 2009 to 2020: a bibliometric analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the global scientific output of research on ocular chronic Graft versus host disease (cGVHD) and explore the current status and trends in this field over the past decade by bibliometric analysis.

Methods: The bibliometric search was performed in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. VOSviewer v.

High performance OCTA enabled by combining features of shape, intensity, and complex decorrelation.

Motion contrast optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) entails a precise identification of dynamic flow signals from the static background, but an intermediate region with voxels exhibiting a mixed distribution of dynamic and static scatterers is almost inevitable in practice, which degrades the vascular contrast and connectivity. In this work, the static-dynamic intermediate region was pre-defined according to the asymptotic relation between inverse signal-to-noise ratio (iSNR) and decorrelation, which was theoretically derived for signals with different flow rates based on a multi-variate time series (MVTS) model. Then the ambiguous voxels in the intermediate region were further differentiated using a shape mask with adaptive threshold.

Repeatability of ocular surface vessel density measurements with optical coherence tomography angiography.

Background: To determine the repeatability of measurements of ocular surface vessel density in normal and diseased eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Ten normal eyes, 10 pinguecula eyes, and 10 pterygium eyes of 30 volunteers were subjected to OCTA (AngioVue Imaging System, Optovue, Inc.).

Analysis of amino acids in human tears by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry.

Amino acids in human tears play certain physiological roles and their determination is challenging due to complicated chemical properties. This study described a fast and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of 15 amino acids (AAs) in tears by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry (HILIC-Q-Orbitrap-MS). Amino acids in tears were extracted by methanol, and then cleaned up with a solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Pinguecula and Pterygium.

Purpose: To investigate the density of conjunctival blood vessels in normal eyes and in eyes with pinguecula or pterygium.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the conjunctival blood vessel density of 15 normal eyes, 15 pinguecula eyes, and 15 pterygium eyes of 43 healthy adults was assessed using optical coherence tomography angiography with an anterior segment lens adapter. The nasal surface of each eye (3 × 3 mm) was scanned 3 times to a depth of 800 μm.

Anterior Segment Biometry with Phenylephrine and Tropicamide during Accommodation Imaged with Ultralong Scan Depth Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of phenylephrine and tropicamide on anterior segment biometry with ultralong scan depth optical coherence tomography (UL-OCT) during accommodation.

Methods: In this study, 20 left eyes of healthy volunteers with a mean ± standard deviation age of 31.05 ± 5.

The use of in-strip digestion for fast proteomic analysis on tear fluid from dry eye patients.

Tear is an accessible fluid for exploring biomarkers of dry eye disease. This study describes a fast proteomic method by LC-Q-orbitrap-MS analysis with in-strip digestion and investigates the tear proteome of dry eye patients. Schirmer's strips were used for collection of tear fluid from patients.

Assessment of Full-Eye Response to Osmotic Stress in Mouse Model In Vivo Using Optical Coherence Tomography.

NaCl based solutions were applied as osmotic stress agents to alter the hydration state of the mouse eye. Full-eye responses to these osmotic challenges were monitored in vivo using a custom-built optical coherence tomography (OCT) with an extended imaging range of 12.38 mm.

Ocular Trauma Score in Siderosis Bulbi With Retained Intraocular Foreign Body.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristic and visual outcome of siderosis bulbi with retained intraocular foreign body (IOFB) and to validate the predictive value of the Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) in siderosis bulbi. Certain numerical values rendered to the OTS variables at present were summated (Table 1) and converted into 5 OTS categories as performed in the OTS study. The prognostic value of OTS was first assessed in cases of siderosis bulbi resulting from a chemical reaction of retained IOFBs.

Long-Term Observation of Coexistence of Posterior Polymorphous Corneal Dystrophy, Resultant High Myopia and Nonkeratoconic Developing Corneal Astigmatism: A Case Report of 7-Year Tracking in a Chinese Boy.

Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) is an extremely rare, bilateral, and inherited disorder, which affects the corneal endothelium and Descemet's membrane. Few PPCD cases in Chinese patients have been published so far. As far as we know, there are few studies which focused on the associations between PPCD and high myopia either.

Two kinds of ocular trauma score for paediatric traumatic cataract in penetrating eye injuries.

Purpose: To compare the ocular trauma score (OTS) and the paediatric penetrating ocular trauma score (POTS) as prognostic model for visual outcome in paediatric traumatic cataract cases after penetrating eye injuries.

Methods: All children younger than 16 years with unilateral traumatic cataract following penetrating trauma between 2007 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate chi-square analysis was conducted to identify the variables associated with profound visual loss.

Visualization of the ocular pulse in the anterior chamber of the mouse eye in vivo using phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography.

We report on a phase-based method for accurately measuring the ocular pulse in the anterior chamber in vivo. Using phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography with optimized scanning protocols and equations for compensating bulk motion and environmental vibrations, a high sensitivity of 0.9 μm/s minimal velocity is demonstrated at a wide detection band of 0 to 380 Hz.

Anterior segment biometry during accommodation imaged with ultralong scan depth optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To measure by ultralong scan depth optical coherence tomography (UL-OCT) dimensional changes in the anterior segment of human eyes during accommodation.

Design: Evaluation of diagnostic test or technology.

Participants: Forty-one right eyes of healthy subjects with a mean age of 34 years (range, 22-41 years) and a mean refraction of -2.

Daytime variations of tear osmolarity and tear meniscus volume.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of variations in tear osmolarity and tear meniscus volume in patients with dry eyes and in healthy control subjects over an 8-hr daytime period.

Methods: Ten normal subjects (5 men and 5 women with a mean age of 27±7 years) and 10 dry eye patients (4 men and 6 women with a mean age of 36±12 years) who had been diagnosed on the basis of having an ocular surface discomfort index >12 and a tear breakup time of <10 sec or Schirmer test score of <5 mm were included. The tear meniscus volumes of the participants were measured using ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT), and tear osmolarity was measured using the TearLab Osmolarity System.

Vertical and horizontal corneal epithelial thickness profiles determined by ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To measure vertical and horizontal thickness profiles of the central and peripheral corneal epithelium and determine if daytime changes occur.

Methods: Forty eyes of 20 normal subjects were imaged by ultrahigh resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography to profile the corneal epithelial thickness from the edge of Bowman layer to the central cornea across the vertical and horizontal meridians. Measurements were made at 10:00 AM and again at 6 and 8 hours later.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy of anterior segment accommodative changes with posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens in high myopia.

Purpose: To investigate changes in anterior chamber depth (ACD) and the distance between the Visian implantable Collamer lens (ICL) and the crystalline lens during pharmacologic accommodation in high myopia.

Design: Prospective, comparative case series.

Participants: Thirty-three phakic eyes of 18 high myopic patients (range, -8.