Efficacy and safety of perioperative analgesia in PENG block for children undergoing hip surgery with developmental dysplasia: study protocol for a randomized, double-blinded, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Surgical intervention is critical in the treatment of hip developmental dysplasia in children. Perioperative analgesia, usually based on high opioid dosages, is frequently used in these patients. In some circumstances, regional anesthetic procedures such as caudal block and lumbar plexus block have also been used.

Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Sequential Drug Release Depleting Cholesterol for Reverse Tumor Multidrug Resistance.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) facilitates tumor recurrence and metastasis, which has become a main cause of chemotherapy failure in clinical. However, the current therapeutic effects against MDR remain unsatisfactory, mainly hampered by the rigid structure of drug-resistant cell membranes and the uncontrolled drug release. In this study, based on a sequential drug release strategy, we engineered a core-shell nanoparticle (DOX-M@CaP@ATV@HA) depleting cholesterol for reverse tumor MDR.

Effect of intramuscular vs intra-articular betamethasone injection on pain and inflammatory factors among patients with severe traumatic knee osteoarthritis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the clinical efficacy of intraoperative local joint injection and intramuscular injection of betamethasone in patients with severe traumatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods: 80 patients with severe traumatic KOA undergoing total knee arthroplasty were retrospectively recruited and rolled into S1 group (intra-articular injection of ropivacaine + betamethasone and isotonic saline mixture at joint incision), S2 group (muscle local injection of betamethasone before incision closure, simultaneously intra-articular injection of ropivacaine + isotonic saline mixture at joint incision), and D group (intra-articular injection of ropivacaine + isotonic saline mixture at the joint incision). Visual analog scale (VAS) score, serum inflammatory factors (IFs), hospital for special surgery (HSS)score, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and adverse reaction events (AREs) were analyzed.

Damage constitutive model and mechanical properties of a concrete limestone composite after acid corrosion.

Long-term erosion by acidic solutions in karst regions leads to continuous deterioration of the physical and mechanical properties at the interfaces of engineering structures, adversely affecting their operational performance. To investigate the degradation patterns of the mechanical properties and corrosion mechanisms of the concrete‒limestone composite (CLC) after exposure to acidic corrosion, three kinds of CLC samples treated with acidic solutions of different pH values were fabricated. Mechanical property analysis was conducted via triaxial compression testing methods.

ABO Blood Group and Risk Associated With Sepsis-Associated Thrombocytopenia: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ABO blood group and sepsis-associated thrombocytopenia (SAT).

Design And Setting: The primary outcome was SAT within the first 72 hours of ICU admission.

Patients: The retrospective study included 9113 patients diagnosed with sepsis from January 2014 to December 2022.

Construction and evaluation of a prognostic model of autophagy-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a globally prevalent disease. Our article evaluates risk models based on autophagy- and HCC-related genes and their prognostic value by bioinformatics analytical methods to provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment.

Methods: Prognostic genes were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox analyses, and risk scores were calculated.

Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy combined with machine learning for the classification of viruses for respiratory infections.

Significant efforts were currently being made worldwide to develop a tool capable of distinguishing between various harmful viruses through simple analysis. In this study, we utilized fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy as a rapid and specific tool with high sensitivity, employing a straightforward methodological approach to identify spectral differences between samples of respiratory infection viruses. To achieve this goal, the fluorescence EEM spectral data from eight virus samples was divided into training and test sets, which were then analyzed using random forest and support vector machine classification models.

Adiponectin deficiency prevents chronic colitis-associated colonic fibrosis via inhibiting CXCL13 production.

Introduction: Colonic fibrosis is a long-term complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), often leading to functional impairment, intestinal obstruction, and surgery. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine derived from adipocytes that plays a pleiotropic role in fibrosis regulation, depending on tissue and cell type specific or disease context, but its role in colonic fibrosis remains unclear.

Objective: To explore the role and involved mechanism of APN in chronic colitis-associated colonic fibrosis.

Clinical evaluation of bispectral index-guided closed-loop infusion of propofol for preschool children: A multi-center randomized controlled study.

Importance: The closed-loop infusion system can automatically adjust and maintain the depth of anesthesia by using the propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) model under the feedback guidance of the bispectral index (BIS).

Objective: To evaluate the safety and superiority of closed-loop TCI of propofol guided by BIS during maintenance of generalized intravenous anesthesia for preschool children.

Methods: A total of 120 children aged 1-6 years were enrolled and were divided into a closed-loop feedback group (Group C) and an open-loop manual control group (Group O), with 60 participants in each group.

Buried interface management toward high-performance perovskite solar cells.

The interface between the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer is an extremely important factor that cannot be ignored in achieving high-performance perovskite photovoltaic technology. However, the void defects of the interface pose a serious challenge for high performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To address this, we report a polydentate ligand reinforced chelating strategy to strengthen the stability of the buried interface by managing interfacial defects and stress.

A worldwide assessment of the mechanical ventilation in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Analysis of the VENTILAGROUP over time. A retrospective, multicenter study.

Background: The trend over time and across different geographical areas of outcomes and management with noninvasive ventilation or invasive mechanical ventilation in patients admitted for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and treated with ventilatory support is unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe outcomes and identify variables associated with survival for patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [aeCOPD] who received noninvasive or invasive mechanical ventilation worldwide.

Methods: Retrospective, multi-national, and multicenter studies, including four observational cohort studies, were carried out in 1998, 2004, 2010, and 2016 for the VENTILAGROUP following the same methodology.

The role of brain oscillatory activity in processing the informative value of feedback during rule acquisition.

Information conveyed through feedback enables individuals to learn new routines and better adapt to their environment. However, the neural mechanisms of rule-related information of feedback have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we quantified the effect of informative value on feedback via a rule induction task (RIT), in which participants were required to find the correct sorting rule based on feedback.

Comparative study on structure, properties, functions, and in vitro digestion characteristics of dietary fiber from Chinese chestnut prepared by different methods.

This study compared the effects of enzyme extraction (E-DF), enzyme-acid extraction (EAc-DF), enzyme-alkaline extraction (EAl-DF), ultrasonic-enzyme extraction (EU-DF), and microwave-enzyme extraction (EM-DF) on the yield, chemical composition, structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, physiological activities, and hypoglycemic activities of dietary fiber (DF) from Chinese chestnut. EAl-DF had the highest yield (25.44 ± 0.

Mechanism harvesting of main crops straw returning effects on ratooning fragrant rice yield and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and their drivers to soil microbial communities.

Straw return to the field is an important measure for increasing soil fertility to increase production. Recent studies have shown that straw return to fields can increase rice yield, but the effect of straw return to fields on ratooning rice is limited. To address this problem, this paper investigated the effect of straw return on a ratooning rice system by harvesting at different heights during the first season.

Power battery modular innovation investment strategies with government subsidy policies.

This paper investigates the closed-loop supply chain decisions of battery manufacturers considering innovation investments and different subsidy methods provided by the government. The analysis encompasses four scenarios: whether battery manufacturers engage in innovation investments and whether the government opts for technology R&D subsidies or production subsidies. The study finds that innovation investments by battery manufacturers can enhance the modularization level of batteries.

Anti-Obesity Effects of Adzuki Bean Saponins in Improving Lipid Metabolism Through Reducing Oxidative Stress and Alleviating Mitochondrial Abnormality by Activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Obesity is a chronic and complex disease defined by the excessive deposition of fat and is highly associated with oxidative stress. Adzuki bean saponins (ABS) showed anti-obesity activity in our previous in vivo study; however, the active saponins of adzuki beans and potential mechanisms are still unclear. This research aims to elucidate the anti-obesity effects of ABS in improving lipid metabolism and oxidative stress, exploring the effective ingredients and potential molecular mechanisms through UHPLC-QE-MS analysis, network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and in vitro experiments both in the 3T3-L1 cell line and HepG2 cell line.

Predictive value of IL-10 and GFPA for postoperative prognosis in patients with brain glioma.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of interleukin (IL)-10 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFPA) in patients with brain glioma following surgery.

Methods: The clinical data of 75 patients with brain glioma (Observation group) who were treated at the Central Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Additionally, 40 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.

The Lachnospiraceae-butyric acid axis and its role in glucocorticoid-associated osteonecrosis.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are key inducers of osteonecrosis, yet not all patients treated with GCs develop glucocorticoid-associated osteonecrosis (GAON). The factors mediating this relationship are unclear. Studies have shown that gut microbiota and their metabolites influence bone metabolism, but their role in GAON is unclear.

Portable Detection of Copper Ion Using Personal Glucose Meter.

A simple and sensitive method for Cu detection was developed using the Cu-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition reaction, FeO magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as the reaction platform, and a portable blood glucose meter (PGM) as the detection method. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were labeled with glucose oxidase (GOx) and alkyne-functionalized, terminally thiolated ssDNA (C2). In the presence of Cu and ascorbate, the functionalized AuNPs were captured onto MNPs modified with azide-functionalized ssDNA (C1) via the Cu-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition reaction.

A gut feeling of statin.

Statins, known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are widely utilized to reduce blood cholesterol levels and possess pleiotropic effects, including the influence on inflammation and macrophage proliferation. Despite their significant impact in diminishing the incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality, individual responses to statin therapy vary considerably. Understanding this variability is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes and minimizing adverse effects.

Targeting Metals in Alzheimer's Disease: An Update.

One pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the dysregulated metal ions, e.g., zinc, copper, and iron in the affected brain regions.