Distance-based Decision-making in Oviposition by Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on Low- and No-gluten Flours.

The increasing popularity of low- and no-gluten flours as wheat flour alternatives has driven the need to understand risks of insect pest infestation in these products. Previous research using no-choice bioassays found that the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst can oviposit and develop on a range of alternative flours; here we test T. castaneum preference by assessing attraction in a wind tunnel assay and oviposition preference in both small- and large-scale choice assays between alternative and wheat flour.

Behavioral Response of Unmated Female Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to Synthetic Sex Pheromone Lure.

Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella Hübner, is an important pest of stored products in food facilities like processing plants, warehouses, and retail stores. Mating disruption, which uses synthetic pheromone to delay or prevent mating, is a relatively new management tactic for this pest but is becoming widely adopted. However, little is known about the mechanisms behind its efficacy, including how artificial pheromone impacts female behavior.

Spectroscopic characterization of changes of DOM deprotonation-protonation properties in water treatment processes.

The deprotonation-protonation properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in drinking water produced at critical treatment points were quantified using absorbance spectra in combination with DOM fractionation data. Analysis of differential spectra of DOM present in inlet, settled and filtered waters from two large treatment plants and their fractions were obtained. The data demonstrated the presence of six Gaussian bands largely associated with carboxylic and phenolic DOM functionalities.

Trends in incidence, mortality, and survival for kidney cancer in Canada, 1986-2007.

Purpose: Kidney cancer is one of the fastest rising cancers worldwide. We aimed to examine the trends in incidence, mortality, and survival for this cancer in Canada.

Methods: Incidence data for kidney cancer for 1986-2010 were from the Canadian Cancer Registry and the National Cancer Incidence Reporting System.

Canadian trends in liver cancer: a brief clinical and epidemiologic overview.

Although primary liver cancer is rare, its incidence rate has been rising quickly in Canada, more than tripling since the early 1980s. This cancer is more common in men than women, and the age-specific incidence rates in men have been increasing significantly in all age groups from 40 years of age onward. The death rate has followed a similar upward trajectory, in part because of the low 5-year survival rate of 18% in both sexes.

In situ study of binding of copper by fulvic acid: comparison of differential absorbance data and model predictions.

This study examined the binding of copper(II) by Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) using the method of differential absorbance that was used at environmentally-relevant concentrations of copper and SRFA. The pH- and metal-differential spectra were processed via numeric deconvolution to establish commonalities seen in the changes of absorbance caused by deprotonation of SRFA and its interactions with copper(II) ions. Six Gaussian bands were determined to be present in both the pH- and Cu-differential spectra.

CYP17, catechol-o-methyltransferase, and glutathione transferase M1 genetic polymorphisms, lifestyle factors, and breast cancer risk in women on Prince Edward Island.

Genetic polymorphisms in enzymes controlling the formation and disposition of estrogens and their metabolites have been shown to influence breast cancer risk. Environmental and lifestyle factors may interact with estrogen metabolism polymorphisms to influence breast cancer risk. We studied the role of lifestyle factors and genetic polymorphisms in estrogen metabolism in women from Prince Edward Island (PEI), a small province of 135,000 people on the east coast of Canada.

In situ examination of the protonation behavior of fulvic acids using differential absorbance spectroscopy.

The effects of pH changes on the absorbance spectra of fulvic acids, which constitute a major part of natural organic matter (NOM) were examined based primarily on the example of standard Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA). Differential absorbance spectra of SRFA generated at varying pH values were determined to be rich in features that are absent in the conventional spectra. Analysis of the differential absorbance revealed the existence of two predominant types of pH-active chromophores which produced features that emerged in the pH ranges associated with carboxylic and phenolic functional groups of fulvic acids.

Investigation of the reduction of lead dioxide by natural organic matter.

Experiments with immobilized lead dioxide showed that this solid was reduced by natural organic matter (NOM) isolated from Potomac River water. Kinetically, the process was slow and occurred throughout many weeks of exposure. The amount of mobilized lead was affected by the concentration of NOM and exposure time but not significantly influenced by the type of NOM used in the experiments.

Role of polymorphic human cytochrome P450 enzymes in estrone oxidation.

Estrogen and its metabolites are believed to play important roles in breast cancer. The influence of genetic polymorphisms in the enzymes responsible for formation and disposition of estrogen on breast cancer risk may shed light on the importance of estrogen metabolites in this disease. However, for such studies to be valid, it is important to correctly identify the enzymes involved in estrogen bioactivation.

Risk factors for lung cancer among Canadian women who have never smoked.

Risk factors for lung cancer among women who had never smoked were assessed in a case-control study of 161 newly diagnosed histologically confirmed cases and 483 population controls between 1994 and 1997 in eight Canadian provinces. Measurement included socio-economic status, smoking habits, alcohol use, diet, residential and occupational histories and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Dose-response associations were observed for consumption of tea, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) 0.

St John's Wort: effect on CYP3A4 activity.

Background: St John's Wort is a widely used herbal product. Information regarding its potential for drug interactions is required for responsible treatment of patients using St John's Wort. CYP3A4 is a metabolic enzyme implicated in most clinically significant drug-drug interactions.

An epidemiological review of red cell transfusions in cancer chemotherapy.

Objective: The objective of this chart review was to determine the frequency of transfusion and prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin result < 100 g/L) in patients receiving chemotherapy.

Design: This study was a retrospective review of medical charts.

Setting: Patients receiving chemotherapy were included from 12 tertiary care comprehensive cancer centres across Canada.

Survival rates among Canadian children and teenagers with cancer diagnosed between 1985 and 1988.

Purpose: To describe the survival rates among Canadian children and teenagers with cancer diagnosed between 1985 and 1988 using population-based data, specifically for the more common forms of childhood cancer, and to assess the effect of age at diagnosis and sex as prognostic factors for selected childhood cancers.

Design: Retrospective survival study based on incident cases of cancer identified by the National Cancer Incidence Reporting System and follow-up ascertained by computer record linkage to the Canadian Mortality Database.

Subjects: A total of 4409 patients with cancer first diagnosed at 19 years of age or younger between 1985 and 1988, and followed up to Dec.

Eradication of endemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections from a neonatal intensive care unit.

To control infections with endemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), triple dye was applied to the umbilical cords of infants in the intermediate-care but not the intensive-care area. The rate of MRSA infection, adjusted for time and intensity of care, decreased in the intermediate-care area (rate ratio, 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.

The impact of pain and impaired role performance on distress in persons with cancer.

The observed upward trend in the incidence of many cancers is expected to continue for the next 20 years despite monumental basic research efforts. There are interpersonal and intrapsychic complications associated with cancer and its treatment leading to considerable distress which, in extreme cases, becomes clinical depression and anxiety. Pain and impaired role performance have been cited as being important sources of distress in people with cancer.

The necessity and efficiency of wound surveillance after discharge.

A surgical wound surveillance program followed up 16,453 consecutive patients from 1983 through 1988. Patients were followed up for 30 days after operation, and 516 (35%) of the surgical wound infections first became manifest after discharge. In-hospital surveillance alone would have estimated the surgical wound infection rate to be 5.

Self-derogations and the interpersonal theory.

The interpersonal theory of personality has been applied to explain depressed people's dilemma: The depressed person's submissive behavior invites dominating reactions from other people, and those reactions sustain the depressed person's depression. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that self-derogations connote submissiveness but are generally judged to be neutral in affiliation. Experiment 3 tested implications for the behavior of dysphoric and nondysphoric Ss as they interacted with a self-derogating, other-derogating, or nonderogating confederate partner.

Complex partial status epilepticus presenting as gelastic seizures: a case report.

A middle-aged man, who presented to the emergency room because of bizarre outbursts of laughter, was found to be in partial complex status epilepticus. His seizure disorder had been misdiagnosed, at various times, as a variety of "functional" psychiatric disorders. Despite proper diagnosis and aggressive treatment, management was difficult, being complicated by postictal agitation and confusion, postictal psychosis, and interictal compulsive and paranoid personality features.