Effect of diverting bile and pancreatic secretions into the ileum on small bowel mucosa in rats fed a liquid formula diet.

The long-term effects of diverting bile and pancreatic secretions directly into the ileum on small bowel mucosa was determined in rats fed a hydrolyzed liquid formula diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups: duodenal papilla transplant-sham operation, transplantation of the duodenal papilla into the ileum, bile duct sham operation, and transplantation of the bile duct into the ileum. After 28 days, animals were killed, the same bowel removed, rinsed with cold isotonic saline, and divided into six segments (two jejunal segments and four ileal segments).

Serotonin-induced hyperpolarization of an indentified Aplysia neuron is mediated by cyclic AMP.

Addition of serotonin to the medium bathing an Aplysia abdominal ganglion causes a change in the endogenous bursting activity of the identified neuron R15. At serotonin concentrations in the micromolar range, the predominant effect is an increase in depth and duration of the interburst hyperpolarization and consequent decrease in burst rate. At higher concentrations (10 microM) serototin can inhibit bursting completely.

d-[3H]Lysergic acid diethylamide binding to serotonin receptors in the molluscan nervous system.

d-[3H]Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) bound to both dopamine- and serotonin (5HT)-sensitive sites in a particulate fraction derived from the central nervous system of the snail Helix pomatia. Conditions were found which enabled the two sites to be studied independently. [3H]LSD appeared to have a slightly higher affinity for dopamine-sensitive binding (Kd = 0.

Distribution of serotonin and dopamine receptors in Aplysia tissues: analysis by [3H]LSD binding and adenylate cyclase stimulation.

The distribution of receptors for serotonin and dopamine has been studied in various neuronal and non-neuronal tissues from Aplysia californica using: (1) a [3H]LSD binding assay; and (2) stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity. High levels of specific [3H]LSD binding were found in all ganglia and nerves examined. Lower levels of binding were present in a number of muscle tissues and in the sheath surrounding the central ganglia.

Abnormal platelet function in pre-eclampsia.

Platelet behaviour was studied in groups of women suffering from mild and severe pre-eclampsia, and compared with normal pregnant and non-pregnant controls. Platelets from women with severe pre-eclampsia were less responsive than normal to a variety of aggregating agents, and this impairment was significant in response to collagen and vasopressin. Women with severe pre-eclampsia had raised plasma adenine nucleotide levels and lowered platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine levels compared with the controls.

Aspirin at therapeutic concentrations does not affect 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake by platelets.

Aspirin at therapeutic concentrations does not inhibit the uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) by blood platelets nor induce release of 5-HT from platelets, although platelet aggregation responses to collagen and arachidonic acid (which are dependent on platelet prostaglandin synthesis) are abolished. This does not support an earlier claim that aspirin's effects on platelet function include inhibition of 5-HT transport.

Nimbus-6 earth radiation budget experiment.

This paper describes the Nimbus-6 earth radiation budget experiment including its prelaunch calibration and in-flight performance. A preliminary assessment of the data shows the ERB measurement of the solar constant to be 1392 W/m(2) which is 1.6% higher than the expected value of 1370 W/m(2).

Effects of chlorprothixene isomers on platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors: evidence for different 5-hydroxytryptamine conformations at uptake and stimulatory sites.

The thioxanthene neuroleptic, cis-chlorprothixene, was approximately 200 times more potent than its transisomer as an inhibitor of the aggregation of human blood platelets induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT). Against the active uptake of 5HT by these cells, however, trans-chlorprothixene was twice as inhibitory as its cisisomer, and this inhibition was found to be competitive. It is suggested that 5HT adopts different conformations for binding to its two platelet receptors.

Uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine by rat blood platelets and its inhibition by adenosine 5'-diphosphate.

1 The uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) by rat blood platelets in citrated plasma was linear for at most 10 s and was substantially complete within 3 minutes. 2 Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) was a potent inhibitor of 5-HT uptake (Ki=0.38 muM) and kinetic analysis revealed that the inhibition was not competitive.

Development of liver microsomal oxidations in the chick.

1. Liver microsomal preparations from chick embryos (1 day before hatching) and from 1-7 day old chicks were assayed for oxidative drug-metabolizing activity with aminopyrine, aniline and naphthalene as substrates. 2.

Specific binding sites for 5-hydroxytryptamine on rat blood platelets.

5-Hydroxytryptamine changes the shape of rat blood platelets by combination with a cinanserin-sensitive receptor which is not associated with the active uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine. Binding of 5-hydroxy[3H]tryptamine to platelets at 4 degrees C demonstrates the presence of three saturable sites, and the highest-affinity site is apparently this 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor.