Cell-type-specific auditory responses in the striatum are shaped by feedforward inhibition.

The posterior "tail" region of the striatum receives dense innervation from sensory brain regions and is important for behaviors that require sensorimotor integration. The output neurons of the striatum, D1 and D2 striatal projection neurons (SPNs), which make up the direct and indirect pathways, are thought to play distinct functional roles, although it remains unclear if these neurons show cell-type-specific differences in their response to sensory stimuli. Here, we examine the strength of synaptic inputs onto D1 and D2 SPNs following the stimulation of upstream auditory pathways.

["We welcome people in very precarious situations to the Pass"].

An interview with a nurse provides a better understanding of the specific features of a permanent healthcare access service, the people encountered and the skills to be developed for the job. In the context of diabetes, the testimony of Marjorie El Darwiche Sychareunh, who graduated in 2010 and has been working in permanent healthcare access service since September 2023, makes it easier to identify the resources available to support these patients, who are often in a very precarious situation.

Cell-type specific auditory responses in the striatum are shaped by feed forward inhibition.

The posterior "tail" region of the striatum receives dense innervation from sensory brain regions and has been demonstrated to play a role in behaviors that require sensorimotor integration including discrimination , avoidance and defense responses. The output neurons of the striatum, the D1 and D2 striatal projection neurons (SPNs) that make up the direct and indirect pathways, respectively, are thought to play differential roles in these behavioral responses, although it remains unclear if or how these neurons display differential responsivity to sensory stimuli. Here, we used whole-cell recordings in vivo and ex vivo to examine the strength of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs onto D1 and D2 SPNs following the stimulation of upstream auditory pathways.

[The current state of advanced practice nursing training].

Advanced practice training has been around since 2018. As students and professionals, we asked ourselves about its implementation on French territory and its learning modalities over the period from September 2018 to June 2021. The results obtained enable us to share various observations about the construction of the training project, the curriculum itself and the students' feelings.

[The university college, a player in the development of IPA students].

The French National Association of Advanced Practice Nurses (Anfipa) works to promote the value of advanced practice nursing students, particularly through its university college. Recently, the U challenge was created, which in 2022 will become the Anfipa-Mutuelle nationale des hospitaliers trophy. This trophy will be awarded each year to the best EIPA writings.

Serotonin sensing by microglia conditions the proper development of neuronal circuits and of social and adaptive skills.

The proper maturation of emotional and sensory circuits requires fine-tuning of serotonin (5-HT) level during early postnatal development. Consistently, dysfunctions of the serotonergic system have been associated with neurodevelopmental psychiatric diseases, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the mechanisms underlying the developmental effects of 5-HT remain partially unknown, one obstacle being the action of 5-HT on different cell types.

Differential impacts of heterozygosity and null homozygosity on axon and myelinated fiber development in mouse.

Over the last decade, a large variety of alterations of the gene, encoding Caspr2, have been identified in several neuronal disorders, including neurodevelopmental disorders and peripheral neuropathies. Some of these alterations are homozygous but most are heterozygous, and one of the current challenges is to estimate to what extent they could affect the functions of Caspr2 and contribute to the development of these pathologies. Notably, it is not known whether the disruption of a single allele could be sufficient to perturb the functions of Caspr2.

[Personal resources used by nurses enrolled in an advanced practice curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemic in France: Sequential mixed research].

Introduction: At the beginning of 2020, a public health emergency was declared in France following the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Context: Nurses involved in an advanced practice mobilized their specific skills during this health crisis by drawing on the available resources.

Objectives: To analyze personal resources used by those nurses in the process of skill mobilization during the pandemic.

Elevated expression of complement C4 in the mouse prefrontal cortex causes schizophrenia-associated phenotypes.

Accumulating evidence supports immune involvement in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder. In particular, high expression variants of C4, a gene of the innate immune complement system, were shown to confer susceptibility to schizophrenia. However, how elevated C4 expression may impact brain circuits remains largely unknown.

[Advanced practice: students' opinions on the future emergency medicine specialisation].

In the context of the rebuilding of the emergency services a new health care provider has been identified to reorganize emergency medicine in order to meet the expectations of the population, institutions and professionals. The nurse in advanced practice with extended skills must be able to fit into a pre-existing organization, in collaboration with the actors already present, but also represent an innovative care offer with regard to intra-hospital and pre-hospital needs as well as in terms of regulation. Student proposals.

An Etiological Foxp2 Mutation Impairs Neuronal Gain in Layer VI Cortico-Thalamic Cells through Increased GABA/GIRK Signaling.

A rare mutation affecting the Forkhead-box protein P2 (FOXP2) transcription factor causes a severe monogenic speech and language disorder. Mice carrying an identical point mutation to that observed in affected patients (Foxp2 mice) display motor deficits and impaired synaptic plasticity in the striatum. However, the consequences of the mutation on neuronal function, in particular in the cerebral cortex, remain little studied.

Emerging Roles of Complement in Psychiatric Disorders.

The complement system consists of more than 30 proteins that have long been known to participate to the immune defence against pathogens and to the removal of damaged cells. Their role, however, extends beyond immunity and clearance of altered "self" components in the periphery. In particular, complement proteins can be induced by all cell types in the brain.

Comparing the behavior of multidrug-resistant and pansusceptible Salmonella during the production and aging of a Gouda cheese manufactured from raw milk.

Outbreaks of salmonellosis have been linked to the consumption of cheese, and emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Salmonella may be more virulent and more tolerant than less resistant strains to stresses encountered in food production, which may enhance the survival of these resistant strains in cheese. This study was conducted to compare the behavior of MDR and pansusceptible Salmonella strains during the manufacture and aging of Gouda cheese and compare pathogen recovery via several rapid and traditional methods. Cheeses were manufactured from raw milk inoculated with a six-strain cocktail of either MDR or susceptible Salmonella Newport and Salmonella Typhimurium at initial levels of <20 CFU/ml.

Behavior of Escherichia coli O157:H7 during the manufacture and aging of Gouda and stirred-curd Cheddar cheeses manufactured from raw milk.

This study was conducted to examine the fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 during the manufacture and aging of Gouda and stirred-curd Cheddar cheeses made from raw milk. Cheeses were manufactured from unpasteurized milk experimentally contaminated with one of three strains of E. coli O157:H7 at an approximate population level of 20 CFU/ml.

60-day aging requirement does not ensure safety of surface-mold-ripened soft cheeses manufactured from raw or pasteurized milk when Listeria monocytogenes is introduced as a postprocessing contaminant.

Because of renewed interest in specialty cheeses, artisan and farmstead producers are manufacturing surface-mold-ripened soft cheeses from raw milk, using the 60-day holding standard (21 CFR 133.182) to achieve safety. This study compared the growth potential of Listeria monocytogenes on cheeses manufactured from raw or pasteurized milk and held for > 60 days at 4 degrees C.