Food Preservation in the Industrial Revolution Epoch: Innovative High Pressure Processing (HPP, HPT) for the 21st-Century Sustainable Society.

The paper presents the 'progressive review' for high pressure preservation/processing (HPP) (cold pasteurization) of foods and the next-generation high-pressure and high temperature (HPHT, HPT) food sterilization technologies. It recalls the basics of HPP and HPT, showing their key features and advantages. It does not repeat detailed results regarding HPP and HPT implementations for specific foods, available in numerous excellent review papers.

Critical Model Insight into Broadband Dielectric Properties of Neopentyl Glycol (NPG).

This report presents the low-frequency (LF), static, and dynamic dielectric properties of neopentyl glycol (NPG), an orientationally disordered crystal (ODIC)-forming material important for the barocaloric effect applications. High-resolution tests were carried out for 173K View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Are Critical Fluctuations Responsible for Glass Formation?

The dynamic heterogeneities occurring just before the transition to the glassy phase have been named as the cause of amorphization in supercooled systems. Numerous studies conducted so far have confirmed this hypothesis, and based on it, a widely accepted solution to the puzzle of glass transition has been developed. This report focuses on verifying the existence of a strong pretransitional anomaly near the glass transition Tg.

Global population: from Super-Malthus behavior to Doomsday criticality.

The report discusses global population changes from the Holocene beginning to 2023, via two Super Malthus (SM) scaling equations. SM-1 is the empowered exponential dependence: , and SM-2 is the Malthus-type relation with the time-dependent growth rate or relaxation time τ : . Population data from a few sources were numerically filtered to obtain a 'smooth' dataset, allowing the distortions-sensitive and derivative-based analysis.

The Dominance of Pretransitional Effects in Liquid Crystal-Based Nanocolloids: Nematogenic 4-methoxybenzylidene-4'-butylaniline with Transverse Permanent Dipole Moment and BaTiO Nanoparticles.

The report presents static, low-frequency, and dynamic dielectric properties in the isotropic liquid, nematic, and solid phases of MBBA and related nanocolloids with paraelectric BaTiO nanoparticles (spherical, = 50 nm). MBBA (4-methoxybenzylidene-4'-butylaniline) is a liquid crystalline compound with a permanent dipole moment transverse to the long molecular axis. The distortions-sensitive analysis of the dielectric constant revealed its hidden pretransitional anomaly, strongly influenced by the addition of nanoparticles.

Critical Insight into Pretransitional Behavior and Dielectric Tunability of Relaxor Ceramics.

This model discussion focuses on links between the unique properties of relaxor ceramics and the basics of Critical Phenomena Physics and Glass Transition Physics. It indicates the significance of uniaxiality for the appearance of mean-field type features near the paraelectric-to-ferroelectric phase transition. Pretransitional fluctuations, that are increasing up to the size of a grain and leading to inter-grain, random, local electric fields are responsible for relaxor ceramics characteristics.

Phase Equilibria and Critical Behavior in Nematogenic MBBA-Isooctane Monotectic-Type Mixtures.

The transition from the isotropic (I) liquid to the nematic-type (N) uniaxial phase appearing as the consequence of the elongated geometry of elements seems to be a universal phenomenon for many types of suspensions, from solid nano-rods to biological particles based colloids. Rod-like thermotropic nematogenic liquid crystalline (LC) compounds and their mixtures with a molecular solvent (Sol) can be a significant reference for this category, enabling insights into universal features. The report presents studies in 4'-methoxybenzylidene-4-n-butylaniline (MBBA) and isooctane (Sol) mixtures, for which the monotectic-type phase diagram was found.

The impact of ionic contribution to dielectric permittivity in 11CB liquid crystal and its colloids with BaTiO nanoparticles.

The report shows the temperature behavior of the real part of dielectric permittivity in the static (dielectric constant) and low-frequency (LF) domains in bulk samples of 11CB and its BaTiO-based nanocolloids. The study covers the isotropic liquid (I), nematic (N), smectic A (SmA), and solid crystal (Cr) phases. For each phase, the dominance of pretransitional fluctuations, significantly moderated by nanoparticles, is shown.

New insight into 3-picoline-deuterium oxide (DO) mixtures of limited miscibility with the lower critical consolute temperature.

Coexistence curves in mixtures of limited miscibility with the lower critical consolute temperature (LCT), of 3-picoline with deuterium oxide (DO), and DO/HO have been determined. They were tested with respect to the order parameter, the diameter of the binodal, and coordinates of the critical consolute point (critical temperature [Formula: see text] and critical concentration [Formula: see text]). Studies were carried out using the innovative method based on the analysis of relative volumes occupied by coexisting phases, yielding high-resolution data.

Pretransitional of behavior of electrooptic Kerr effect in liquid thymol.

Melting/freezing are canonical examples of discontinuous phase transitions, for which no pretransitional effects in the liquid phase are expected. For the solid phase, weak premelting effects are evidenced. This report shows long-range, critical-like, pretransitional effects in liquid thymol detected in electrooptic Kerr effect (EKE) studies.

History-dependent phase transition character.

We consider history-dependent behavior in domain-type configurations in orientational order that are formed in configurations reached via continuous symmetry-breaking phase transitions. In equilibrium, these systems exhibit in absence of impurities a spatially homogeneous order. We focus on cases where domains are formed via (i) Kibble-Zurek mechanism in fast enough quenches or by (ii) Kibble mechanism in strongly supercooled phases.

Criticality-related fundamental bases for new generations of gas-liquid, liquid-liquid, and liquid (LE) extraction technologies.

The report presents experimental results, which can be considered as the reference for innovative generations of supercritical fluids (SCF), liquid-liquid (LL), and liquid (L) extraction technologies. They are related to implementations of Critical Phenomena Physics, for such applications not considered so far. For the gas-liquid critical point, the shift SuperCritical Fluids (SCF) ⇒ SubCritical Fluids, due to the additional exogenic impact of ultrasounds, is indicated.

Pressure Evolution of Glass Transition Temperature in LiFePO.

LiFePO is an important base material for generation of new batteries. One of the important developments is its use in the form of a solid glass, which allows an increase in the electrical conductivity after the high-pressure process. Such a treatment allows full control of the vitrification and nanocrystallization processes as well.

The fluctuation-driven dielectric properties of liquid crystalline 8OCB and its nanocolloids.

Results of broadband dielectric spectroscopy studies in liquid crystalline octyloxycyanobiphenyl (8OCB) and its colloids with BaTiO nanoparticles (paraelectric, diameter = 50 nm) are presented. Studies were carried out in isotropic liquid, nematic, smectic A and solid crystalline phases. They are supported by derivative-based and distortion-sensitive analyses, revealing a set of universal scaling patterns for temperature evolution of static and dynamic dielectric properties.

New paradigm for configurational entropy in glass-forming systems.

We show that on cooling towards glass transition configurational entropy exhibits more significant changes than predicted by classic relation. A universal formula according to Kauzmann temperature [Formula: see text] is given: [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. The exponent [Formula: see text] is hypothetically linked to dominated local symmetry.

Long-Range Static and Dynamic Previtreous Effects in Supercooled Squalene-Impact of Strong Electric Field.

This article presents evidence for the long-range previtreous changes of two static properties: the dielectric constant () and its strong electric field related counterpart, the nonlinear dielectric effect (NDE). Important evidence is provided for the functional characterizations of () temperature changes by the 'Mossotti Catastrophe' formula, as well as for the NDE vs. evolution by the relations resembling those developed for critical liquids.

Pretransitional Effects of the Isotropic Liquid-Plastic Crystal Transition.

We report on strong pretransitional effects across the isotropic liquid-plastic crystal melting temperature in linear and nonlinear dielectric response. Studies were carried out for cyclooctanol (CHO) in the unprecedented range of temperatures 120 K < < 345 K. Such pretransitional effects have not yet been reported in any plastic crystals.

Dynamics and Pretransitional Effects in C Fullerene Nanoparticles and Liquid Crystalline Dodecylcyanobiphenyl (12CB) Hybrid System.

The report shows the strong impact of fullerene C nanoparticles on phase transitions and complex dynamics of rod-like liquid crystal dodecylcyanobiphenyl (12CB), within the limit of small concentrations. Studies were carried out using broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) via the analysis of temperature dependences of the dielectric constant, the maximum of the primary loss curve, and relaxation times. They revealed a strong impact of nanoparticles, leading to a ~20% change of dielectric constant even at = 0.

High-pressure behavior of dielectric constant in a binary critical mixture.

An alternative design of the measurement capacitor for high-pressure studies of complex liquids or soft matter systems is presented. Subsequently, results for the precritical anomaly of dielectric constant in 1-nitropropane-octane critical mixture are reported. First, the pressure dependence of the critical consolute temperature T_{C} up to P=0.

Impact of Pressure on Low-Molecular Weight Near-Critical Mixtures of Limited Miscibility.

Near-critical mixtures of limited miscibility are significant for chemical physics, soft matter physics, and a variety of challenging applications. Their basic properties can be tuned by compressing or a systematic change of one of the components. This report addresses these issues, based on experimental studies in nitro-compound (nitrobenzene, -nitrotoluene, and 1-nitropropane) and -alkane (from pentane to eicosane) critical mixtures.

Multifold pressure-induced increase of electric conductivity in LiFeVPO glass.

We investigated the impact of high pressure and high-temperature annealing on lithium-vanadium-iron-phosphate (LiFeVPO) glass materials, proposed for the use in cathodes for high-performance batteries. The treatment was carried out below the glass transition temperature (T ≈ 483 °C) at P = 1 GPa pressure, in an argon atmosphere. It led to the multifold electrical conductivity increase.

Activation volume in superpressed glass-formers.

In pressurized glass-forming systems, the apparent (changeable) activation volume V(P) is the key property governing the previtreous behavior of the structural relaxation time (τ) or viscosity (η), following the Super-Barus behavior: [Formula: see text], T = const. It is usually assumed that V(P) = V(P), where [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]. This report shows that V(P) ≪ V(P) for P → P, where P denotes the glass pressure, and the magnitude V(P) is coupled to the pressure steepness index (the apparent fragility).

Polymer matrix ferroelectric composites under pressure: Negative electric capacitance and glassy dynamics.

This report presents the results of high-pressure and broadband dielectric spectroscopy studies in polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and barium strontium titanate (BST) microparticles composites (BST/PVDF). It shows that the Arrhenius behaviour for the temperature-related dynamics under atmospheric pressure is coupled to Super-Arrhenius/Super-Barus isothermal pressure changes of the primary relaxation time. Following these results, an explanation of the unique behaviour of the BST/PVDF composite is proposed.

Nanoparticle-controlled glassy dynamics in nematogen-based nanocolloids.

Results of broad-band dielectric spectroscopy studies in liquid crystal (pentylcyanobiphenyl, 5CB)-based nanocolloids are presented. They reveal the strong impact of BaTiO_{3} nanoparticles on dynamics and uniaxial ordering. Studies were carried out in an extreme range of temperatures (∼150 K), including the supercooled nematic phase.

Universal behavior of the apparent fragility in ultraslow glass forming systems.

Despite decades of studies on the grand problem of the glass transition the question of well-defined universal patterns, including the key problem of the previtreous behavior of the primary (structural) relaxation time, remains elusive. This report shows the universal previtreous behavior of the apparent fragility, i.e.