Primary Hyperparathyroidism due to Parathyroid Adenoma in Children and Adolescents.

Objective: In contrast to adults, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in children and adolescents is a rare endocrine disorder.

Methods: A retrospective review of PHPT cases between 2005 and 2022 from a single tertiary university medical center, including clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, radiological evaluation, treatment, and postoperative complications.

Results: Ten children (mean age at diagnosis 16.

Sclerostin and bone turnover markers response to cycling and running at the same moderate-to-vigorous exercise intensity in healthy men.

Background: Recreational cycling is a popular activity which stimulates and improves cardiovascular fitness. The corresponding benefits for bone are unclear.

Purpose: This study examined the effect of running (high-impact) vs.

High-intensity interval exercise test stimulates growth hormone secretion in children.

Background: exercise stimulates growth hormone (GH) secretion and may serve as a promising physiological test for the diagnosis of GH deficiency. However, exercise standardization for a feasible GH test is still lacking. The aim of the present study was to examine the GH secretion to high intensity interval exercise.

Clinical evaluation of a novel subcutaneous lactate monitor.

Lactate levels are commonly used as an indirect measure to assess metabolic stress in clinical conditions like sepsis. Dynamic lactate measurements are recommended to assess and guide treatment in patients with shock and other critical care conditions. A minimally invasive, continuous lactate monitor has potential to improve clinical decisions and patient care.

The Effect of Growth Hormone Treatment on Physical Performance Indices in Children With Idiopathic Short Stature.

Purpose: To examine the effect of growth hormone (GH) treatment on physical performance in children with idiopathic short stature and normal GH secretion.

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 children participated in the study (13 GH-treated, 11 non-treated, aged 8-13 y, 11 males and 13 females, Tanner stage 1-2). Participants performed a battery of motor skill performance tests (Eurofit), as well as the Wingate anaerobic test.

Reduced Growth Hormone Response to Anaerobic Exercise Among Children With Overweight and Obesity.

Hejla, D, Dror, N, Pantanowitz, M, Nemet, D, and Eliakim, A. Reduced growth hormone response to anaerobic exercise among children with overweight and obesity. J Strength Cond Res 36(8): 2194-2197, 2022-The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of an anaerobic exercise test on growth hormone (GH) secretion in children with overweight and obesity compared with children with normal weight.

Body composition and neuromotor development in the year after NICU discharge in premature infants.

Background: Hypothesis: neuromotor development correlates to body composition over the first year of life in prematurely born infants and can be influenced by enhancing motor activity.

Methods: Forty-six female and 53 male infants [27 ± 1.8 (sd) weeks] randomized to comparison or exercise group (caregiver provided 15-20 min daily of developmentally appropriate motor activities) completed the year-long study.

Pathogenic heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (HIT) antibodies determined by rapid functional flow cytometry.

Objectives: Reliable diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (HIT) is mandatory for patient management, yet prompt determination of pathogenic antibodies remains an unmet clinical challenge. Common immunoassays carry inherent limitations and functional assays which detect antibody-mediated platelet activation are not usually readily available to routine laboratories, especially the serotonin release assay (SRA), being technically demanding, time consuming, and requires high level expertise. To overcome some of these limitations, we have developed a practical functional flow cytometric assay (FCA) for routine clinical use.

The "combined team" transition clinic model in endocrinology results in high adherence rates and patient satisfaction.

Background A structured transition process for young adults with chronic medical conditions from pediatric to adult clinics is strongly promoted. However, the most appropriate transition model has not yet been determined. This study evaluated the effect of a "combined team" Endocrinology Transition Clinic model, including a joint meeting with the patient and pediatric and adult endocrinologists, regarding medical treatment, adherence to follow-up and patient satisfaction with the process.

Expert's Choice: 2018's Most Exciting Research in the Field of Pediatric Exercise Science.

This commentary highlights 23 noteworthy publications from 2018, selected by leading scientists in pediatric exercise science. These publications have been deemed as significant or exciting in the field as they (a) reveal a new mechanism, (b) highlight a new measurement tool, (c) discuss a new concept or interpretation/application of an existing concept, or (d) describe a new therapeutic approach or clinical tool in youth. In some cases, findings in adults are highlighted, as they may have important implications in youth.

The Wingate anaerobic test cannot be used for the evaluation of growth hormone secretion in children with short stature.

Purpose: To assess the growth hormone (GH) response to the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) among children with short stature and suspected GH deficiency. We hypothesized that the GH response to the WAnT would be similar to the GH response to a commonly used pharmacologic provocation test.

Methods: Ten children (6 males and 4 females, age range 9.

Single and double linear and nonlinear flatband chains: Spectra and modes.

We report results of systematic analysis of various modes in the flatband lattice, based on the diamond-chain model with the on-site cubic nonlinearity, and its double version with the linear on-site mixing between the two lattice fields. In the single-chain system, a full analysis is presented, first, for the single nonlinear cell, making it possible to find all stationary states, viz., antisymmetric, symmetric, and asymmetric ones, including an exactly investigated symmetry-breaking bifurcation of the subcritical type.

Spontaneous symmetry breaking in a split potential box.

We report results of an analysis of the spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) in a basic (actually, simplest) model that is capable of producing the SSB phenomenology in a one-dimensional setting. It is based on the Gross-Pitaevskii-nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the cubic self-attractive term and a double-well potential built as an infinitely deep potential box split by a narrow (δ functional) barrier. The barrier's strength ɛ is the single free parameter of the scaled form of the model.

Polymorphism of the IGF-I System and Sports Performance.

The potential use genetic polymorphism, and in particularly polymorphism of hormone genes, as tool to predict athletic performance is currently very challenging. Recent studies suggest that single nucleotide polymorphisms in IGF-I and myostatin may be beneficial for endurance and short distance running, and may even be associated with elite performance. Polymorphism in IGF-I receptor may differentiate between the two edges of the endurance-power athletic performance running spectrum suggesting beneficial effects for endurance and prevent from success in power events.

Growth without growth hormone: can growth and differentiation factor 5 be the mediator?

Growth without growth hormone (GH) is often observed in the setup of obesity; however, the missing link between adipocytes and linear growth was until now not identified. 3T3L1 cells were induced to differentiate into adipocytes and their conditioned medium (CM) (adipocytes CM, CMA) was added to metatarsals bone culture and compared to CM derived from undifferentiated cells. CMA significantly increased metatarsals bone elongation.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin therapy is safe and well tolerated in children and adolescents with recent onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background And Objectives: Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) has been shown to reduce pro-inflammatory markers and protect pancreatic islets from autoimmune responses in recent studies. Our aim was to evaluate its safety and tolerability in three different doses, in a pediatric population with recent onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: A 37-wk prospective, open-label, phase I/II interventional trial, comprised of 24 recently diagnosed subjects (12 males; age 12.

Rhabdomyolysis After Out-of-Water Exercise in an Elite Adolescent Water Polo Player Carrying the IL-6 174C Allele Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism.

We present an adolescent elite water polo player who despite a genetic predisposition to develop exercise-induced severe muscle damage due to carrying the IL-6 174C allele single-nucleotide polymorphism, developed acute rhabdomyolysis only after a vigorous out-of-water training, suggesting that water polo training may be more suitable for genetically predisposed athletes.

Transcriptional profiling and targeted proteomics reveals common molecular changes associated with cigarette smoke-induced lung emphysema development in five susceptible mouse strains.

Background: Mouse models are useful for studying cigarette smoke (CS)-induced chronic pulmonary pathologies such as lung emphysema. To enhance translation of large-scale omics data from mechanistic studies into pathophysiological changes, we have developed computational tools based on reverse causal reasoning (RCR).

Objective: In the present study we applied a systems biology approach leveraging RCR to identify molecular mechanistic explanations of pathophysiological changes associated with CS-induced lung emphysema in susceptible mice.

IGF-I and IGF-I receptor polymorphisms among elite swimmers.

In recent years several genetic polymorphisms related to the GH-IGF-I axis were suggested to promote athletic excellence in endurance and power sports. We studied the presence of the C-1245T SNP (rs35767), a nucleotide substitution in the promoter region of the IGF-I gene, and the presence of the 275124A > C SNP (rs1464430), a common nucleotide substitution in the intron region of the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) gene in elite long and short-distance swimmers compared with nonphysically active controls. The rare T/T IGF-I polymorphism was found only in 5.

A novel MKRN3 missense mutation causing familial precocious puberty.

Central precocious puberty may be familial in about a quarter of the idiopathic cases. However, little is known about the genetic causes responsible for the disorder. In this report we describe a family with central precocious puberty associated with a mutation in the makorin RING-finger protein 3 (MKRN3) gene.

Holding spatial solitons in a pumped cavity with the help of nonlinear potentials.

We introduce a one-dimensional model of a cavity with the Kerr nonlinearity and saturated gain designed so as to hold solitons in the state of shuttle motion. The solitons are always unstable in the cavity bounded by the usual potential barriers, due to accumulation of noise generated by the linear gain. Complete stabilization of the shuttling soliton is achieved if the linear barrier potentials are replaced by nonlinear ones, which trap the soliton, being transparent to the radiation.

Unique anti-glioblastoma activities of hypericin are at the crossroad of biochemical and epigenetic events and culminate in tumor cell differentiation.

Failure of conventional therapies to alleviate glioblastoma (GBM) fosters search for novel therapeutic strategies. These include epigenetic modulators as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), which relax abnormally compact tumor cell chromatin organization, enabling cells to overcome blockage in differentiation. However, in clinical settings, HDACi efficacy is confined to subsets of hematologic malignancies.

Stability of two-dimensional gap solitons in periodic potentials: beyond the fundamental modes.

Gross-Pitaevskii or nonlinear-Schrödinger equations with a sinusoidal potential is commonly used to describe nonlinear periodic media, such as photonic lattices in optics and Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) loaded into optical lattices (OLs). Previous studies have shown that the 2D version of this equation, with the self-focusing (SF) nonlinearity, supports stable solitons in the semi-infinite gap. It is known, too, that under both the self-defocusing (SDF) and SF nonlinearities, several families of gap solitons (GSs) exist in finite bandgaps.

Domain walls and vortices in linearly coupled systems.

We investigate one- and two-dimensional radial domain-wall (DW) states in the system of two nonlinear-Schrödinger (NLS) or Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equations, which are couple by linear mixing and by nonlinear XPM (cross-phase-modulation). The system has straightforward applications to two-component Bose-Einstein condensates, and to bimodal light propagation in nonlinear optics. In the former case the two components represent different hyperfine atomic states, while in the latter setting they correspond to orthogonal polarizations of light.