Epidemiological aspects of morbidity in the class of digestive organs in Kazakhstan.

Aim: To study epidemiological aspects of disease, class of diseases of the digestive system in the region of the relative risk in Kazakhstan.

Materials And Methods: Studied epidemiological parameters are first identified in the incidence and prevalence of class XI ICD in regions of Kazakhstan with the identification of risk relative to the average national level. In a dysfunctional region Kyzylorda region analyzed the performance of its regions and compared with data from medical examination of the population and the survey.

Qualitative index of population health losses in the aral sea region.

The article is devoted to the approbation of the modification of the method of the presentation of indices of medical and social losses of the population on an example of environmentally unfavorable Aral Sea region in Kazakhstan. The first step in improvement of the system ofpublic health care is the identification of the most important problems related with the assessment of the disease burden and the adjustment of data of such type in accordance national aims on the decline of medical and social losses in this problem area. So far according to the criteria for the determination of the boundary of ecological catastrophe area one of the indices is the steady gain in the mortality rate.

[Health state of Aral region dwellers].

Studies of birth rate, natural increment and death rate dynamics of Aral region population helped to set major tendencies in demographic processes for dwellers in ecologic disaster area. Morbidity parameters were evaluated via ICD-10 classes with distribution in age and sex, that helped to identify leading classes of diseases in the population of Kyzylorda region. DALY index parameters were estimated through complex evaluation of health losses due to disablement and mortality among adult population of Kyzylorda region.

[Investigation of the kinetics of insulin amyloid fibrils formation].

Investigation of the structure of ordered protein aggregates--amyloid fibrils, the influence of the native structure of the protein and the environment on the process of fibrillation is currently the subject of intensive research. The present work is devoted to the study of the kinetics of insulin amyloid fibrils formation at low pH values (which are produced at many stages of the isolation and purification of the protein) using a fluorescent probe thioflavin T (ThT). It has been shown that the increase of fluorescence intensity of ThT during the formation of amyloid fibrils is described by a sigmoidal curve, in which 3 areas can be distinguished: the lag phase, the growth and the plateau, which characterize the various stages of fibril formation.

[Verification of a decrease in the rigidity of the phage lambda DNA polymeric chain in low ionic strength aqueous solutions by testing the polymer-polymer interlink interactions].

Changes in the rigidity of the polymetric chain of phage lambda double-strand DNA have been studied by laser correlation spectroscopy. It was shown that, as the ionic strength increases, the effect of the screening of the hydrodynamic interaction of the links of the polymeric chain specific for polymeric coils arises in a DNA solution. It is assumed that the screening occurs when the threshold of the overlapping of DNA coils is achieved.

Detection of inflammatory processes during various diseases by the method of flow cytofluorometry.

Oxidative (respiratory) burst is an important manifestation of inflammation. Precise quantitative assessment of this reaction by flow cytometry made it possible to record and evaluate the severity of the inflammatory processes in a wide spectrum of diseases including diphtheria, hepatitis, pneumonia, bronchial asthma, arthritis, vasculitis, postoperative complications, tuberculosis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and myocardial infarction. This approach can be employed as a highly sensitive method of detection of inflammatory reactions and monitoring of their course in various pathological processes.

A new human breast carcinoma cell line resistant to DNA-damaging drugs.

To investigate the phenomenon of active dissociation of the vital dye, Hoechst 33342 (Ho342), from DNA (DNA clearing), a new MCF7HoeR-7 human breast carcinoma cell line was isolated from parent MCF7 cells by step-wise selection with increasing concentrations of Ho342. This cell line possesses an enhanced ability for DNA clearing. The MCF7HoeR-7 line is characterised in detail and compared with the parental MCF7 line and a typical P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistant (MDR) cell line, MCF7/Adr.

[Evaluation criterion for nuclear chromatin state of human spermatozoa using flow cytometry--a fertility test].

On the basis of the previously described method for estimating the state of the human spermatozoan nuclear chromatin by flow cytometry, we developed a modified system of calculation and presentation of our data. We propose a criterion that allows to classify samples of seminal material according to their fertility potential that could be used for male sterility diagnostics and as a prognostic test for optimization of reproduction programs. The most important theoretical and methodical aspects of the suggested approach are discussed, and comparative analysis of suggested approach and routine flow cytometry SCSA method is made.

[A cross drug resistance of mammalian cells with a high efficiency of "DNA clearing"].

The process of active dissociation of noncovalently bound agents from DNA or "DNA clearing" in the living cells was described elsewhere. The vital fluorescent bisbenzimidazole dye Hoechst 33342 (4342), which binds tightly but not covalently to DNA in the minor groove, was used for studying interactions of agents noncovalently binding with DNA. The "DNA clearing" is an energy-dependent process, which is suppressed by topoisomerase-II inhibitors and DNA breaks.

A new mechanism of Mammalian cell resistance to the toxic effects of DNA binding agents.

The phenomenon of active dissociation of the noncovalently binding vital dye Hoechst 33342 from DNA in living cells (DNA clearing) is described. Step-by-step selection with increasing concentrations of the dye resulted in a series of rodent cell lines that were resistant to the toxic action of Hoechst 33342. Some of the lines exhibited enhanced dissociation of the bisbenzimidazole dye-DNA complex.

Relationship between abnormal sperm chromatin packing and IVF results.

This study was initiated to determine the relationship between the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa and abnormalities in the compact packing of their chromatin which occurs in the final stage of male germ cell differentiation. Chromatin packing involves disulphide bridge covalent cross-linking. The degree of packing was determined from the accessibility of DNA to a fluorescent dye, ethidium bromide, following detergent treatment of the spermatozoa.

Active dissociation of the fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342 from DNA in a living cell: who could do it?

It is assumed that DNA in mammalian cells is a dynamic conformationally unstable system. This instability provides the cell with a mechanism for dissociating a large number of substances that bind tightly but not covalently to DNA. Among these is the fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342, which binds to DNA in the minor groove.

[Process of active dissociation of vital stain Hoechst 33342 from DNa in cells of cultured rodent cell lines].

The process of active dissociation or "DNA clearing" of not covalently binding agents from DNA in living HeLa cells was shown by the flow cytometry technique. The vital fluorescent bisbenzimidazole dye Hoechst 33342, which binds tightly but not covalently to DNA in a minor groove, was used as a basic model to study the interaction of not covalently binding agents with DNA. In this paper, we continue to analyse the "DNA clearing" process in the living fibroblasts of different rodent species (mouse, rat, Chinese hamster).

[The production of clones of "man x Chinese hamster" hybrid cells containing different parts of the human genome].

Some approach has been described to create hybrid cell lines (human x Chinese hamster) which contain different parts of human genome, and then efficiently to reveal and isolate the human DNA from these. This method involves the introduction of a selective marker in different sites of the human cell genome, by transfecting them with plasmid SV2neo, and the use of flow cytometry and DNA polymerase chain reaction with primers specific only for human DNA.

[Cell-by-cell flow cytometric analysis of chromosomes].

The authors discuss various aspects of a recently developed method permitting a detailed flow cytometric analysis of the individual cell karyotypes such as instrumentation, histochemistry, data proceeding algorithms. Possible drawbacks of the method and the ways of their overcoming are considered. Results of analysis of the Chinese hamster cells are presented that illustrate the possibilities of the method, including the metaphase chromosome distribution according to their fluorescence intensity, the analysed cell distribution according to their chromosomes number, the table in which the individual cell karyotypes are distributed according to their fluorescence.