Characterising mental wellbeing and associations with subcortical grey matter volume at short intervals in early adolescence.

This temporally rich, longitudinal study of early adolescents (N = 88, 277 datasets, 12-13 years) investigated the relationship between bilateral subcortical grey matter volume (GMV) in the hippocampus, amygdala, accumbens-area, caudate, putamen and pallidum with self-reported mental wellbeing at four timepoints, across 12 months. Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) revealed (1) higher 'total wellbeing' was associated with smaller left caudate and larger left accumbens-area; (2) higher eudaimonic wellbeing was associated with smaller left caudate and larger right caudate; and (3) higher hedonic wellbeing was associated with larger left accumbens-area. Further analyses and plots highlighted different associations between GMV and wellbeing for adolescents who consistently experienced 'moderate-to-flourishing' wellbeing (n = 63, 201 datasets), compared with those who experienced 'languishing' wellbeing at any timepoint (n = 25, 76 datasets).

Surgical management of single-level thoracolumbar vertebral body segmentation and formation failure causing progressive thoracolumbar myelopathy in three adult large-breed dogs.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the medium-term outcome following spinal cord decompression and instrumented fixation of single-level congenital thoracolumbar vertebral malformations, characterized by combined failures of segmentation and formation, causing thoracolumbar myelopathy in three large-breed dogs.

Study Design: This was a retrospective clinical study.

Animals: The animals involved in the study were three large-breed dogs.

The dynamics of self-esteem and depressive symptoms across days, months, and years.

Self-esteem and depressive symptoms are important predictors of a range of societally relevant outcomes and are theorized to influence each other reciprocally over time. However, existing research offers only a limited understanding of how their dynamics unfold across different timescales. Using three data sets with different temporal resolutions, we aimed to advance our understanding of the temporal unfolding of the reciprocal dynamics between self-esteem and depressive symptoms.

In search of lost time: Discrete- versus continuous-time models of working alliance and symptom severity.

Objective: The therapeutic alliance is one of the most stable predictors of symptom burden over the course of therapy. So far, this effect has only been examined on the basis of sessions. Continuous-time models (CTM) allow this relationship to be modeled as a continuous process in which the actual time interval between measurements is considered.

Synthesis and characterisation of DOTA-kisspeptin-10 as a potential gallium-68/lutetium-177 pan-tumour radiopharmaceutical.

Kisspeptin (KISS1) and its cognate receptor (KISS1R) are implicated in the progression of various cancers. A gallium-68 labelled kisspeptin-10 (KP10), the minimal biologically active structure, has potential as a pan-tumour radiopharmaceutical for the detection of cancers. Furthermore, a lutetium-177 labelled KP10 could find therapeutic application in treating oncological diseases.

The sedative effect of intravenous butorphanol in dogs with intracranial space occupying lesions or indicators of intracranial hypertension.

Objective: To determine whether dogs with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-determined intracranial space occupying lesions (MRI-iSOLs) or intracranial hypertension (MRI-ICH) had greater sedation scores and quicker onset of recumbency following premedication with intravenous (IV) butorphanol in comparison with dogs which had normal MRI findings.

Study Design: Prospective, observational study.

Animals: A total of 53 dogs presenting for brain MRI were included.

'EMERALD' online early intervention programme for psychological well-being: A detailed description using the TIDieR checklist.

Objective: The rising prevalence of mental health symptoms brought on by the COVID19 pandemic led to the inception and development of EMERging Anxiety, Loneliness, Depression (EMERALD) well-being programme. EMERALD was designed to improve psychological well-being of the general population who had not previously sought mental health support. The programme incorporated a focus on lifestyle medicine and was underpinned by solution focused health coaching.

Health enhancing behaviors in early adolescence: an investigation of nutrition, sleep, physical activity, mindfulness and social connectedness and their association with psychological distress and wellbeing.

Introduction: Nutrition, sleep and physical activity are termed the "big three" health enhancing behaviors (HEB) associated with psychological distress and wellbeing. This study sought to understand differential associations between an expanded group of HEB (nutrition, sleep, physical activity, mindfulness, social connectedness) and psychological distress/wellbeing in early adolescents.

Methods: Correlational and regression analyses were conducted in N=103 (51% females) adolescents (12.

Outcome prediction in psychological therapy with continuous time dynamic modeling of affective states and emotion regulation.

Objective: To date, many prediction studies in psychotherapy research have used cross-sectional data to predict treatment outcome. The present study used intensive longitudinal assessments and continuous time dynamic modeling (CTDM) to investigate the temporal dynamics of affective states and emotion regulation in the early phase of therapy and their ability to predict treatment outcome.

Method: Ninety-one patients undergoing psychological treatment at a university outpatient clinic took part in a 2-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) period.

Reliability of the Instrumented Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance Using a Virtual Balance Device.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the instrumented version of the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (i-mCTSIB) using the VirtuSense VirtuBalance System™ (VSTBalance), a virtual balance device, in healthy young adults. Fifty-four subjects aged 20-27 years (Mean age 23.07, SD ± 1.

Appearance-related cyberbullying and its association with the desire to alter physical appearance among adolescent females.

Cyberbullying is associated with various mental health concerns in adolescents, including body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviours. However, there is a significant research gap concerning the unique effects of appearance-related cyberbullying (ARC) on adolescent mental health. This study examined the prevalence and psychological consequences of ARC among middle to late adolescent females (aged 14-19 years, M = 15.

Inference with cross-lagged effects-Problems in time.

The interpretation of cross-effects from vector autoregressive models to infer structure and causality among constructs is widespread and sometimes problematic. I describe problems in the interpretation of cross-effects when processes that are thought to fluctuate continuously in time are, as is typically done, modeled as changing only in discrete steps (as in e.g.

Accuracy and safety of freehand vs. end-on fluoroscopic guided drill-hole placement in canine cadaveric thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae.

Objective: To develop and evaluate the safety and accuracy of an open, end-on fluoroscopic guided (EOFG) drill hole position technique in canine cadaveric spinal surgery, in comparison to a traditional free-hand (FH) drilling technique.

Study Design: Cadaveric comparison study.

Animals: Canine cadaveric vertebral columns ( = 4).

Prospective randomized trial comparing relapse rates in dogs with steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis treated with a 6-week or 6-month prednisolone protocol.

Background: Traditionally, 6-month courses of prednisolone are used to treat steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), but this medication is associated with adverse effects that can lead to poor quality of life.

Hypothesis/objectives: Resolution of clinical signs and rate of relapse of SRMA would not be significantly different between a 6-month prednisolone protocol and a 6-week protocol.

Animals: Forty-four hospital cases from multiple referral centers in the United Kingdom (2015-2019).

Relevance of Oxocyclam from Palladium(II) Coordination to Radiopharmaceutical Development.

We provide a comprehensive study of the coordination of with palladium(II), including presentation of a novel bifunctional analogue, bearing an aniline pendant. The complexation of palladium(II) with was examined by various techniques, including NMR analysis and potentiometric titrations which revealed that the Pd(II) complex can adopt different configurations such as -I and -III. In addition, forms a thermodynamically stable palladium(II) complex, the stabilization being attributed to the deprotonation of the amide function.

The Biodistribution and Utility of Tc-Ethylenedicysteine-Deoxyglucose (Tc-Glucosamine) in the Identification of Active Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis-a Single Center Prospective Study.

Purpose: Our objectives were to investigate the utility of Tc-ethylenedicysteine-deoxyglucose (ECDG) in identifying active disease in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as to evaluate the biodistribution of this radiopharmaceutical.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the University of the Free State/Universitas Academic Hospital in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Twenty-two participants from the rheumatology department diagnosed with RA according to the ACR/EULAR classification criteria were enrolled.

Corpus Callosum Length and Cerebellar Vermian Height in Fetal Growth Restriction.

Introduction: Growth-restricted fetuses may have changes in their neuroanatomical structures that can be detected in prenatal imaging. We aim to compare corpus callosal length (CCL) and cerebellar vermian height (CVH) measurements between fetal growth restriction (FGR) and control fetuses and to correlate them with cerebral Doppler velocimetry in growth-restricted fetuses.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort of FGR after 20 weeks of gestation with ultrasound measurements of CCL and CVH.

Understanding Wellbeing Profiles According to White Matter Structural Connectivity Sub-types in Early Adolescents: The First Hundred Brains Cohort from the Longitudinal Adolescent Brain Study.

Wellbeing is protective against the emergence of psychopathology. Neurobiological markers associated with mental wellbeing during adolescence are important to understand. Limited research has examined neural networks (white matter tracts) and mental wellbeing in early adolescence specifically.

A short-interval longitudinal study of associations between psychological distress and hippocampal grey matter in early adolescence.

This study of Australian adolescents (N = 88, 12-13-years-old) investigated the relationship between hippocampal grey matter volume (GMV) and self-reported psychological distress (K10) at four timepoints, across 12 months. Participants were divided into two groups; those who had K10 scores between 10 and 15 for all four timepoints were categorised as "low distress" (i.e.

A consensus process to identify research priorities in paediatric urology in the United Kingdom.

Introduction: Paediatric urologists manage a spectrum of conditions, much of the evidence for relevant treatment pathways is of low quality. For many conditions treatment varies according to location and surgeon; children with the same condition might have surgery in one unit but watchful waiting in another. Underlying this variation are differences in opinion, and insufficient high-level evidence with few prospective randomized studies.

Comparison of standard T2-weighted turbo spin echo and volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination magnetic resonance imaging sequences in the assessment of articular process dysplasia in Pug dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathy.

Introduction: A retrospective study to compare the classification, as normal, hypoplastic or aplastic, of thoracic (T10-T13) caudal articular process (CAP) morphology in Pug dogs with a thoracolumbar myelopathy as normal, hypoplastic or aplastic, between T2 weighted Turbo Spin Echo (T2W-TSE), in sagittal and transverse planes, and Volumetric Interpolated Breath-hold Examination (VIBE) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) sequences, in comparison to Computed Tomography (CT). We hypothesized a stronger agreement for VIBE in comparison to T2W-TSE.

Results: Diagnostic accuracy of T2W-TSE was inferior to VIBE for aplastic (60%, 95% CI 0.

Incidence of postoperative opioid-induced respiratory depression episodes in patients on room air or supplemental oxygen: a post-hoc analysis of the PRODIGY trial.

Background: Supplemental oxygen (SO) potentiates opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) in experiments on healthy volunteers. Our objective was to examine the relationship between SO and OIRD in patients on surgical units.

Methods: This post-hoc analysis utilized a portion of the observational PRediction of Opioid-induced respiratory Depression In patients monitored by capnoGraphY (PRODIGY) trial dataset (202 patients, two trial sites), which involved blinded continuous pulse oximetry and capnography monitoring of postsurgical patients on surgical units.

Formalizing developmental phenomena as continuous-time systems: Relations between mathematics and language development.

We demonstrate how developmental theories may be instantiated as statistical models, using hierarchical continuous-time dynamic systems. This approach offers a flexible specification and an often more direct link between theory and model parameters than common modeling frameworks. We address developmental theories of the relation between the academic competencies of mathematics and language, using data from the online learning system Mindsteps.