The 24-hour physical activities in adults with cerebral palsy and their adherence to the 24-hour movement guideline.

Objective: To describe 24-hour physical activities (sleep and physical activity) in adults with cerebral palsy (CP), explore potential influencing factors and compare 24-hour physical activities with controls.

Design: Cross-sectional, observational internet study involving adults with CP and a convenience sample of adults without CP.

Setting: Individuals residing in the Netherlands Participants: 110 adults with CP (median age 42, range 28-77 years; 64 (58%) ambulant; 40% male) and 89 adult controls (median age 43, range 18-78 years; 29% male).

Sensory alterations and immunological changes during the chronification of postsurgical pain: a study protocol for a prospective observational cohort study.

Introduction: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) represents a widely underdiagnosed and often poorly treated medical problem, affecting 10-50% of all surgical patients, exhibiting neuropathic features in 35-60%. It is hypothesised that surgery-induced tissue damage and the subsequent immune response cause sensory alterations in the early postoperative period, ultimately leading to a chronic neuropathic or nociplastic pain state. The 'Sensory Changes and Immunological parameters in Postsurgical pain' study (SCIP-Pain study) was designed to test this hypothesis and identify sensory alterations and changes in the immunological response that are related to the development of CPSP with neuropathic features.

A novel prenatal alcohol use risk perception model: feedback from a Delphi process.

Understanding prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) risk perception is important for the communication and prevention of alcohol use during pregnancy. A previous systematic review has explored the dimensions and influencing factors of women's PAE risk perceptions, leading to the construction of Pregnancy Alcohol Use Risk Perception (PARP) conceptual model. This study aims to refine the PARP model using a Delphi process.

The impact of the Sustainable Development Goals on global policies on sustainable consumption and production.

While some of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) rely on the support of established international organizations and regimes, others lack strong institutions in their governance areas. This raises the question of whether the SDGs can contribute to strengthening these less institutionalized areas in global governance, which would make these goals important factors in advancing international institutionalization. We study this question with a focus on SDG 12, which targets sustainable consumption and production.

Transcranial ultrasound modeling using the spectral-element method.

This work explores techniques for accurately modeling the propagation of ultrasound waves in lossy fluid-solid media, such as within transcranial ultrasound, using the spectral-element method. The objectives of this work are twofold, namely, (1) to present a formulation of the coupled viscoacoustic-viscoelastic wave equation for the spectral-element method in order to incorporate attenuation in both fluid and solid regions and (2) to provide an end-to-end workflow for performing spectral-element simulations in transcranial ultrasound. The matrix-free implementation of this high-order finite-element method is very well-suited for performing waveform-based ultrasound simulations for both transcranial imaging and focused ultrasound treatment thanks to its excellent accuracy, flexibility for dealing with complex geometries, and computational efficiency.

Australian general practice registrars' billing patterns: a cross-sectional analysis from the Registrars Clinical Encounters in Training (ReCEnT) study.

Background: In Australia, a government insurance scheme (Medicare) pays set rebates for a range of distinct general practitioner (GP) services. GPs may 'bulk-bill' and accept the Medicare rebate fee directly, or 'privately-bill' by charging the patient a higher fee that is partially reimbursed by Medicare. The billing behaviour of Australian GP registrars (trainees) and their decision to bulk- or privately-bill patients is an evidence gap.

Snakebite envenoming in Africa remains widely neglected and demands multidisciplinary attention.

Snakebite envenoming can cause morbidity, permanent disability or death but treatment and prevention thereof remains highly inadequate in Africa. Overcoming structural and financial barriers that impede existing initiatives to improve medical management and mitigate human-snake conflict is urgently needed.

Temporal trends in the prevalence of GP registrars' long-term paediatric asthma control medications prescription.

Asthma is one of the most common chronic illnesses affecting children. Long-term asthma control medications (LTACMs) are an important aspect of asthma management, with under-prescription associated with poor asthma control and increased asthma deaths. This study aimed to document temporal trends in the prescribing of LTACMs for paediatric patients for asthma-related presentations to Australian general practice registrars (trainees).

Models of care for tuberculosis infection screening and treatment in primary care: A scoping review.

Background And Objectives: Tuberculosis infection (TBI) screening and treatment delivered from primary care could hold the key to achieving tuberculosis (TB) elimination in low TB burden countries. This scoping review was undertaken to understand how elements of the cascade of care for TBI screening and treatment have been implemented in primary care settings globally.

Method: For this review, eight databases were searched, including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Global Index Medicus, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global and the Cochrane Library, to examine models of care for TBI screening and treatment in primary care.

General practice registrars' practice in outer metropolitan Australia: a cross-sectional comparison with rural and inner metropolitan areas.

Background General practice training in outer metropolitan (OM) areas contributes to patients' access to care. Differences in clinical practice and training in rural versus urban areas have been established, but less is known about OM versus inner metropolitan (IM) differences - whether they offer a trainee learning experience of populations with distinct demographics and healthcare characteristics. This study sought to identify the characteristics and associations of general practice training in New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory OM areas, compared to IM and rural areas.

Factors associated with early-career GPs' retention as independent specialists in former training practices.

Introduction: Retention of general practice registrars in their training practices is important for addressing the GP workforce deficit and maldistribution of GPs. Given that rural and remote general practices are disproportionately affected by low retention, identifying the factors that promote retention may be as important as developing recruitment strategies in these areas. Quantifying the impact of relevant factors on registrar retention will enable a better understanding of how to incentivise retention and attenuate the loss of the rural workforce to other areas.

The association of cognitive coping style with patient preferences in a patient-led follow-up study among colorectal cancer survivors.

Introduction: Amidst the rising number of cancer survivors and personnel shortages, optimisation of follow-up strategies is imperative, especially since intensive follow-up does not lead to survival benefits. Understanding patient preferences and identifying the associated patient profiles is crucial. Coping style may be a key determinant in achieving this.

Exploring how a patient encounter tracking and learning tool is used within general practice training: a qualitative study.

Introduction In Australian general practitioner (GP) training, feedback and reflection on in-practice experience is central to developing GP registrars' (trainees') clinical competencies. Patient encounter tracking and learning tools (PETALs) that encompass an audit of consecutive patient consultations, feedback, and reflection are used to determine registrars' in-practice exposure and have been suggested as a tool for learning within a programmatic assessment framework. However, there is limited qualitative literature on the utility of PETALs in GP training.

Utilisation of in-consultation supervisor assistance in general practice training and personal cost to trainees: a cross-sectional study.

Aim The aim of the study was to establish whether two previously described barriers to effective in-consultation assistance-seeking by general practice (GP) vocational specialist trainees (ie concern about patient impressions of their competence, and discomfort presenting to supervisors in front of patients) influenced the frequency of trainee in-consultation assistance-seeking from their supervisor. Methods This was a cross-sectional study nested in the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Clinical Training ongoing cohort study of Australian GP trainees. Trainee participants completed contemporaneous records of 60 consecutive patient consultations, including whether supervisory assistance was sought.

Perceptions of the effectiveness of using patient encounter data as an education and reflection tool in general practice training.

Introduction Patient encounter tools provide feedback and potentially reflection on general practitioner (GP) registrars' in-practice learning and may contribute to the formative assessment of clinical competencies. However, little is known about the perceived utility of such tools. Aim To investigate the perceived utility of a patient encounter tool by GP registrars, their supervisors, and medical educators (MEs).

Prediction of general practice licensure/certification examination performance by a measure of 'questionable' activities in clinical practice: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: 'Low-value' clinical care and medical services are 'questionable' activities, being more likely to cause harm than good or with disproportionately low benefit relative to cost. This study examined the predictive ability of the QUestionable In Training Clinical Activities Index (QUIT-CAI) for general practice (GP) registrars' (trainees') performance in Australian GP Fellowship examinations (licensure/certification examinations for independent GP).

Methods: The study was nested in ReCEnT, an ongoing cohort study in which Australian GP registrars document their in-consultation clinical practice.

Early-career general practitioners' antibiotic prescribing for acute infections: a systematic review.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide threat, exacerbated by inappropriate prescribing. Most antibiotic prescribing occurs in primary care. Early-career GPs are important for the future of antibiotic prescribing and curbing antimicrobial resistance.

Video versus telephone for telehealth delivery: a cross-sectional study of Australian general practice trainees.

Background: Remunerated telehealth consultations were introduced in Australia in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Videoconferencing has advantages over telephone-consulting, including improved diagnostic and decision-making accuracy. However, videoconferencing uptake in Australia has been low.

Diagnosis and management of acute infections during telehealth consultations in Australian general practice: a qualitative study.

Background: The use of telehealth has increased dramatically since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about how GPs manage acute infections during telehealth, and the potential impact on antimicrobial stewardship.

Aim: To explore the experiences and perceptions of GP trainees' and supervisors' use of telehealth, and how it influences their management of acute infections.

Management of Postthyroidectomy Hypoparathyroidism and Its Effect on Hypocalcemia-Related Complications: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The aim of this Meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact of different treatment strategies for early postoperative hypoparathyroidism on hypocalcemia-related complications and long-term hypoparathyroidism.

Data Sources: Embase.com, MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the top 100 references of Google Scholar were searched to September 20, 2022.

Different antibiotic treatments for group A streptococcal pharyngitis.

Background: Antibiotics provide only modest benefit in treating sore throat, although their effectiveness increases in people with positive throat swabs for group A beta-haemolytic streptococci (GABHS). It is unclear which antibiotic is the best choice if antibiotics are indicated. This is an update of a review first published in 2010, and updated in 2013, 2016, and 2021.

Combined surveillance and treatment register for children with cerebral palsy: the protocol of the Netherlands CP register.

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a childhood onset, lifelong, condition. Early detection and timely treatment of potential problems during the child's development are important to prevent secondary impairments and improve function. Clinical management of children with CP requires a spectrum of multidisciplinary interventions, which have an impact on short-term and long-term outcomes.