Penicillin-binding proteins exhibit catalytic redundancy during asymmetric cell division in .

Peptidoglycan synthesis is an essential driver of bacterial growth and division. The final steps of this crucial process involve the activity of SEDS family glycosyltransferases that polymerize glycan strands and class B penicillin-binding protein (bPBP) transpeptidases that cross-link them. While most bacteria encode multiple bPBPs that perform specialized roles during specific cellular processes, some bPBPs can play redundant roles that are important for resistance against certain cell wall stresses.

Noninvasive Analysis of Peptidoglycan from Living Animals.

The role of the intestinal microbiota in host health is increasingly revealed in its contributions to disease states. The host-microbiome interaction is multifactorial and dynamic. One of the factors that has recently been strongly associated with host physiological responses is peptidoglycan from bacterial cell walls.

Interaction of the chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib with the organic cation transporter 2.

Oxaliplatin (OHP) is effective in colorectal cancer treatment but induces peripheral neurotoxicity (OHP-induced peripheral neurotoxicity, OIPN), diminishing survivor quality of life. Organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) is a key OHP uptake pathway in dorsal root ganglia. Competing for OCT2-mediated OHP uptake, such as with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib, may mitigate OHP side effects.

Peptidoglycan in osteoarthritis synovial tissue is associated with joint inflammation.

Objectives: Peptidoglycan (PG) is an arthritogenic bacterial cell wall component whose role in human osteoarthritis is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine if PG is present in synovial tissue of osteoarthritis patients at the time of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and if its presence is associated with inflammation and patient reported outcomes.

Methods: Intraoperative synovial tissue and synovial fluid samples were obtained from 56 patients undergoing primary TKA, none of whom had history of infection.

Does the Quantification of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid A in Serum/Plasma Provide Any Additional Information About Consumption Pattern from Drivers Under the Influence of Cannabis?

Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A) is one of the main ingredients of cannabis plants and is converted to the psychoactive substance Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) by decarboxylation during heating above ∼90°C. During the consumption of cannabis, a varying proportion of THCA-A is absorbed into the body. Therefore, the quantification of THCA-A in serum/plasma might provide additional information on consumption behavior in driving under the influence of cannabis cases.

Effect of colorectal cancer screening on colorectal cancer surgery outcomes: nationwide cohort study.

Background: National colorectal cancer screening commenced in Denmark in 2014. Little is known about the effects of organized colorectal cancer screening on intraoperative and postoperative events. The aim of this nationwide cohort study was to evaluate the difference in intraoperative and postoperative outcomes between patients with screen-detected colorectal cancer and non-screen-detected colorectal cancer within the first 90 days after surgery.

Treatment of patients with screen-detected colorectal cancer is less strenuous: a nationwide cohort study with long-term follow-up.

Objective: During the last two decades, organised colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been widely implemented. It remains to be established if screen-detected CRC (SD-CRC) is associated with reduced long-term requirements for treatment as compared with patients with non-screen-detected CRC (NSD-CRC).

Study Design And Methods: This nationwide cohort study evaluated differences in treatment and healthcare contacts from the date of diagnosis to two years after comparing patients with SD-CRC and NSD-CRC.

Detection of inorganic arsenic in rice using a field-deployable method with Cola extraction.

Rice is a staple food and known to accumulate inorganic arsenic (iAs), which is a class 1 carcinogen to humans. Arsenic field-deployable method kits, designed for water testing, are able to screen iAs in rice, to assure food safety and quick decision-making without the need for laboratory analysis. For the arsenic extraction within the field method, nitric acid is used.

Non-invasive Analysis of Peptidoglycan from Living Animals.

The role of the intestinal microbiota in host health is increasingly revealed in its contributions to disease states. The host-microbiome interaction is multifactorial and dynamic. One of the factors that has recently been strongly associated with host physiological responses is peptidoglycan from bacterial cell walls.

Quantification of (9R)- and (9S)-hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) via GC-MS in serum/plasma samples from drivers suspected of cannabis consumption and immunological detection of HHC and related substances in serum, urine, and saliva.

The semisynthetic cannabinoid hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) is currently getting a lot of media attention because the legal status in many countries is not clearly specified. In this study, a GC-MS method for the quantification of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) was extended to (9R)- and (9S)-HHC. The applicability was proven by serum/plasma samples from drivers suspected of cannabis consumption.

Less Invasive Primary Treatment for Colorectal Cancer After Implementation of National Screening: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: The effect of organized colorectal cancer (CRC) screening on type of primary treatment remains sparsely investigated. This study evaluated the difference in primary treatment strategy between patients diagnosed with screen-detected (SD-CRC) and non-screen-detected colorectal cancer (NSD-CRC) in a national CRC screening program.

Methods: This was a retrospective national register-based cohort study.

Systematic Workup of Transfusion Reactions Reveals Passive Co-Reporting of Handling Errors.

Introduction: Reporting of transfusion reactions is good practice and required by many guidelines. Errors in the transfusion chain can also lead to severe patient reactions and depend on active error reporting. We aimed to characterize transfusion incidents and asked whether workup of transfusion reactions may also contribute to revealing logistical errors.

Peptidoglycan in osteoarthritis synovial tissue is associated with joint inflammation.

Objectives: Peptidoglycan (PG) is an arthritogenic bacterial cell wall component whose role in human osteoarthritis is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine if PG is present in synovial tissue of osteoarthritis patients at the time of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and if its presence is associated with inflammation and patient reported outcomes.

Methods: Intraoperative synovial tissue and synovial fluid samples were obtained from 56 patients undergoing primary TKA, none of whom had history of infection.

Arsenic, cadmium, and lead in rice and rice products on the Austrian market.

Fifty-one rice samples, i.e. 25 rice varieties, 8 rice products, and 18 rice containing baby foods from the Austrian market were surveyed for arsenic, cadmium, and lead.

A large screen identifies beta-lactam antibiotics which can be repurposed to target the syphilis agent.

Syphilis, caused by the spirochete subsp. (hereafter called ), is re-emerging as a worldwide sexually transmitted infection. A single intramuscular dose of benzathine penicillin G is the preferred syphilis treatment option.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Application of Critical Nutrient Supplementation in Vegan Diets among Healthcare Professionals-Survey Results from a Medical Congress on Plant-Based Nutrition.

Plant-based diets are associated with numerous health benefits but also bear risks of micronutrient deficiencies if inadequately planned. The risk of nutrient deficiencies can be reliably reduced by supplementation but requires risk-awareness. We distributed a paper-and-pencil questionnaire to = 902 healthcare professionals attending a congress on plant-based nutrition (VegMed 2018, Berlin).

Does a Plant-Based Diet Stand Out for Its Favorable Composition for Heart Health? Dietary Intake Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

A plant-based diet (PBD) can provide numerous health benefits for patients with cardiovascular risk factors. However, an inadequately planned PBD also bear the potential for deficiencies in certain macro- and micronutrients. The present study analyzed nutrient profiles of individuals who adopted a PBD as part of the CardioVeg study.

Entomological identification of the post-mortem colonization of wolf cadavers in different decomposition stages.

Human-driven biodiversity loss is progressively becoming a problem with dramatic consequences for the conservation of vital ecosystems. The increasing number of illegal killings of the grey wolf (Canis lupus, Linnaeus, 1758), a threatened species, displays the need for investigation and prosecution of such offences. Forensic entomology makes use of the knowledge about necrophagous insects to estimate a minimum time-since-death interval of the deceased person or animal, which can give important information on a possible perpetrator.

Barriers for Participation in the Danish Colorectal Cancer Screening Program: a Qualitative Study.

Purpose: The participation rate in the Danish National Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer is around 60%. Since early detection of cancer through the colorectal cancer screening program (CRCS) reduces mortality rates, it is important to understand why people do not participate. The aim of this study was therefore to examine in depth why some people do not participate in the Danish CRCS program.

Sensitive and simultaneous quantification of 16 neurotransmitters and metabolites in murine microdialysate by fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The sensitive and simultaneous measurement of multiple neurotransmitters in microdialysate (MD) of freely moving mice is a prerequisite to study neurochemical imbalances in specific brain regions. The quantitative analysis of 16 neurotransmitters and metabolites, including serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), melatonin (ME), dopamine (DA), levodopa (l-DOPA), 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EP), homovanillinic acid (HVA), acetylcholine (ACh), deoxy carnitine (iso-ACh), choline (Ch), and ɣ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), adenosine (ADE), glutamine (Gln), and glutamic acid (Glu) was achieved within a chromatographic separation time of 6.5 min by the application of a biphenyl column coupled to an API-QTrap 5500 (AB SCIEX) mass spectrometer.

Design of a Novel Online, Modular, Flipped-classroom Surgical Curriculum for East, Central, and Southern Africa.

Objective: We describe a structured approach to developing a standardized curriculum for surgical trainees in East, Central, and Southern Africa (ECSA).

Summary Background Data: Surgical education is essential to closing the surgical access gap in ECSA. Given its importance for surgical education, the development of a standardized curriculum was deemed necessary.

Single Center Experience with Umbilical Stomas Following Colorectal Surgery.

The umbilicus is commonly used as an access site to perform minimally invasive colorectal surgery. Umbilical stomas are becoming an attractive option as an alternative site for temporary stomas since they reduce the need for additional abdominal incisions. We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent umbilical stoma creation after colorectal resection for diagnosis of rectal cancer, diverticulitis, or ulcerative colitis between January 2020 and July 2021.

Predicting Anastomotic Leak After Elective Colectomy: Utility of a Modified Frailty Index.

Background: Anastomotic leak is the most dreaded complication following colonic resection. While patient frailty is increasingly being recognized as a risk factor for surgical morbidity and mortality, the current colorectal body of literature has not assessed the relationship between frailty and anastomotic leak.

Objective: Evaluate the relationship between patient frailty and anastomotic leak as well as patient frailty and failure to rescue in patients who experienced an anastomotic leak.