Systematic review: Perceptions of type 2 diabetes of people of African descent living in high-income countries.

Aims: To describe how people of African descent perceive and understand type 2 diabetes, and to examine the impact of their perceptions and beliefs on the uptake of diet, exercise, weight control and adherence to medication recommendations.

Design: Systematic literature review of quantitative and qualitative studies.

Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Psych INFO, Academic Search Premier, Education Research Complete, Web of Science and Scopus, World Health Organization (WHO), Diabetes UK and American Diabetes Association for articles published from January 1999 to December 2019.

Dignity, well-being and identity: a qualitative study of older people's interpretations of how healthcare workers speak to them.

Background: The initial interaction between an older person and a nurse, and how the older person interprets this interaction, is important and sometimes overlooked. Evidence suggests that the way healthcare workers speak to older people can negatively affect older people's well-being.

Aim: To interview community-dwelling older people aged ≥65 years who had recently held a conversation with a healthcare worker and to understand the meanings older people attributed to these conversations.

Nurse participation in legal executions: An ethics round-table discussion.

A paper was published in 2003 discussing the ethics of nurses participating in executions by inserting the intravenous line for lethal injections and providing care until death. This paper was circulated on an international email list of senior nurses and academics to engender discussion. From that discussion, several people agreed to contribute to a paper expressing their own thoughts and feelings about the ethics of nurses participating in executions in countries where capital punishment is legal.

Exploring nurses' use of language with older people.

The authors discuss ways in which nurses speak to older people. Research shows that the words nurses use can have a powerful effect on the wellbeing of older people. An experimental project developed at the University of Hull is described in which creative writing techniques were used to increase nursing students' and staff's sensitivity to the importance of language in care.

A qualitative study of recently bereaved people's beliefs about death: implications for bereavement care.

Aims And Objectives: To investigate the beliefs of recently bereaved people about death and to explore the implications of these beliefs for bereavement care.

Background: Little is known about recently bereaved people's beliefs about death, although there is evidence that these beliefs may have an impact on health. The funeral provides an opportunity for bereaved people to reflect on their beliefs about death.

An integrative review of spiritual assessment: implications for nursing management.

Aims: To describe the current 'state of the art' in relation to spiritual assessment, focusing on quantitative, qualitative and generic approaches; to explore the professional implications of spiritual assessment; and to make practical recommendations to managers seeking to promote spiritual assessment in their places of work.

Method: The paper integrates aspects of a recent systematic review of quantitative approaches to measuring spirituality and a recent meta-synthesis of qualitative research into client perspectives of spiritual needs in health and the principles of generic assessment, before drawing on the wider literature to discuss a number of professional implications and making recommendations to nurse managers.

Implications For Nursing Management: The issues to emerge from this paper are (1) that spiritual assessment is an increasingly important issue for nursing practice, (2) that the range of reliable and valid quantitative instruments for use in clinical practice is limited, (3) that there is overlap in the domains and categories of spirituality identified by quantitative and qualitative researchers, and (4) that nurse managers seeking to introduce spiritual assessment will do so in the context of a professional debate about the relevance of spirituality to contemporary practice.

The prevalence of depression in pediatric oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment in Jordan.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depression in pediatric oncology patients in Jordan, comparing them with peers who suffered from chronic conditions or were healthy. The authors investigated 58 children with cancer, 56 with chronic illnesses, and 64 healthy controls using the Arabic version of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). There was no significant difference in CDI scores between children with cancer, children with chronic illnesses, and healthy controls.

Cross-cultural validation of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ 4.0 (PedsQL™) generic core scale into Arabic language.

Background: A range of scales is available to measure health-related quality of life. Recently, established quality of life scales have been translated for use in a wide range of Western and non-Western cultures. One of the most widely used health-related quality of life scales for use with children is the PedsQL™ 4.

Supporting disabled student nurses from registration to qualification: a review of the United Kingdom (UK) literature.

This paper reviews the UK evidence in relation to support for disabled student nurses from admission to qualification. The review was undertaken with a view to informing the provision of more effective support for disabled student nurses both within university and clinical practice, focusing on students with learning difficulties, mental health problems and unseen disabilities such as diabetes as these are the most commonly reported categories of disability in the Nursing and Midwifery Admissions System (NMAS). Evidence is available that highlights barriers for disabled students and provides recommendations for support strategies; however, few papers actually discuss how effective these strategies are once in place.

The ethical basis of teaching spirituality and spiritual care: a survey of student nurses perceptions.

Background: There is a professional requirement for student nurses to achieve competence in the delivery of spiritual care. However, there is no research exploring students nurses perceptions of being educated in these matters.

Aim: This paper explores the ethical basis of teaching student nurses about the concepts of spirituality and spiritual care by reporting the findings from the first year of a 3 year investigation.

Exploring clinical nursing experiences: listening to student nurses.

Student nurses spend one half of their educational programme in the clinical area. The success of an educationally sound clinical placement is crucial to forming a professional nursing identity that will encompass the seen and 'unseen' aspects of the nurses' role. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical nursing environment through the perceptions of first year student nurses.

The impact of stroke on the well-being of the patient's spouse: an exploratory study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of stroke on the patient's spouse, paying particular attention to psychiatric morbidity and the strain of caring, and correlating these with the degree of disability of the patient. The impact of impairment of speech was also investigated.

Background: The impact of a stroke is not limited to the person who suffers it but also to the family, with the patient's spouse being particularly vulnerable.

Accommodative speech and terms of endearment: elements of a language mode often experienced by older adults.

Aim: To discuss the use of patronizing patterns of speech and modified forms of address in conversations between nurses and other health workers, and older people.

Rationale: The impetus for this paper was the publication of the National Service Framework for Older People, which draws attention to the prevalence of age discrimination and the need to provide individualized care.

Approach: The literature between 1990 and 2001 was reviewed in a systematic way.

The construct validity of a rating scale designed to assess spirituality and spiritual care.

A postal survey, containing a questionnaire and covering letter, was distributed to 1029 ward-based nurses, of all grades, in a Large NHS Trust in an attempt to establish how nurses perceived spirituality and spiritual care. A response rate of 55.3% (n = 549) was obtained.