Development and Long-Term Acceptability of ExPRESS, a Mobile Phone App to Monitor Basic Symptoms and Early Signs of Psychosis Relapse.

Background: Schizophrenia relapses are common, have profound, adverse consequences for patients and are costly to health services. Early signs interventions aim to use warning signs of deterioration to prevent full relapse. Such interventions show promise but could be further developed.

Comparing two posterior quadratus lumborum block approaches with low thoracic erector spinae plane block: an anatomic study.

Background And Objectives: Both posterior quadratus lumborum (QL) and erector spinae plane (ESP) blocks have been described as new truncal interfascial plane blocks. Distribution of injectate is influenced by fascial anatomy; therefore, different injection sites may produce similar spread. This anatomic study was designed to test the hypothesis that a posteromedial QL block at L2 level will more closely resemble a low thoracic ESP block when compared with the posterolateral approach at L2 level.

Mortality, cause of death and risk factors in patients with alcohol use disorder alone or poly-substance use disorders: a 19-year prospective cohort study.

Background: This study investigated cause of death, mortality rates and explored if baseline characteristics were associated with risk of death in patients with alcohol use disorder alone or poly-substance use disorders.

Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal study of patients followed for 19 years after entering specialized treatment for substance use disorders. At baseline 291 patients (mean age 38.

Down-regulation of MEIS1 promotes the maturation of oxidative phosphorylation in perinatal cardiomyocytes.

Fetal cardiomyocytes shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation around the time of birth. Myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1 (MEIS1) is a transcription factor that promotes glycolysis in hematopoietic stem cells. We reasoned that MEIS1 could have a similar role in the developing heart.

Expanding Individual Placement and Support to Populations With Conditions and Disorders Other Than Serious Mental Illness.

Objective: A systematic review of studies of individual placement and support (IPS) for populations other than those with serious mental illness was conducted.

Methods: The authors searched three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) for studies of IPS and modified IPS. Eligibility criteria for the systematic review included randomized controlled trials with prospective data collection on competitive employment rate and at least 10 study participants from a well-defined population other than people with serious mental illness.

Regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration during cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with a laryngeal tube: A pilot crossover human cadaver study.

Background: High-quality chest compressions are imperative for Cardio-Pulmonary-Resuscitation (CPR). International CPR guidelines advocate, that chest compressions should not be interrupted for ventilation once a patient's trachea is intubated or a supraglottic-airway-device positioned. Supraglottic-airway-devices offer limited protection against pulmonary aspiration.

LPA receptor 4 deficiency attenuates experimental atherosclerosis.

The widely expressed lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) selective receptor 4 (LPAR4) contributes to vascular development in mice and zebrafish. LPAR4 regulates endothelial permeability, lymphocyte migration, and hematopoiesis, which could contribute to atherosclerosis. We investigated the role of LPAR4 in experimental atherosclerosis elicited by adeno-associated virus expressing PCSK9 to lower LDL receptor levels.

Use of Mobile and Computer Devices to Support Recovery in People With Serious Mental Illness: Survey Study.

Background: Mental health recovery refers to an individual's experience of gaining a sense of personal control, striving towards one's life goals, and meeting one's needs. Although people with serious mental illness own and use electronic devices for general purposes, knowledge of their current use and interest in future use for supporting mental health recovery remains limited.

Objective: This study aimed to identify smartphone, tablet, and computer apps that mental health service recipients use and want to use to support their recovery.

Perceived stress and psychosis: The effect of perceived stress on psychotic-like experiences in a community sample of adolescents.

Aims: Psychotic-like experiences (PLE) are sub-threshold, non-clinical forms of psychosis which can place an individual at greater risk of development of a psychotic disorder. Subtypes of PLE have also been shown to exist (bizarre experiences, persecutory ideation, perceptual abnormalities and magical thinking). Perceived stress relates to how two individuals may deal with the same objectively stressful event in different ways.

Optofluidic real-time cell sorter for longitudinal CTC studies in mouse models of cancer.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a fundamental role in cancer progression. However, in mice, limited blood volume and the rarity of CTCs in the bloodstream preclude longitudinal, in-depth studies of these cells using existing liquid biopsy techniques. Here, we present an optofluidic system that continuously collects fluorescently labeled CTCs from a genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) for several hours per day over multiple days or weeks.

Stratification and prediction of remission in first-episode psychosis patients: the OPTiMiSE cohort study.

Early response to first-line antipsychotic treatments is strongly associated with positive long-term symptomatic and functional outcome in psychosis. Unfortunately, attempts to identify reliable predictors of treatment response in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients have not yet been successful. One reason for this could be that FEP patients are highly heterogeneous in terms of symptom expression and underlying disease biological mechanisms, thereby impeding the identification of one-size-fits-all predictors of treatment response.

Investigating the Agreement Between Cardiovascular Disease Risk Calculators Among People Diagnosed With Schizophrenia.

People diagnosed with schizophrenia have a much reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, and a more than doubled risk of dying from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Existing CVD risk calculators can be used to detect people with an elevated predicted risk of CVD to inform interventions to reduce risk. This study aimed to compare four different risk calculators for 10-year predicted CVD risk in a sample of people with schizophrenia.

The sTRA Plasma Biomarker: Blinded Validation of Improved Accuracy Over CA19-9 in Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis.

Purpose: The CA19-9 biomarker is elevated in a substantial group of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but not enough to be reliable for the detection or diagnosis of the disease. We hypothesized that a glycan called sTRA (sialylated tumor-related antigen) is a biomarker for PDAC that improves upon CA19-9.

Experimental Design: We examined sTRA and CA19-9 expression and secretion in panels of cell lines, patient-derived xenografts, and primary tumors.

Enhancing return to work or school after a first episode of schizophrenia: the UCLA RCT of Individual Placement and Support and Workplace Fundamentals Module training.

Background: This study evaluated in a rigorous 18-month randomized controlled trial the efficacy of an enhanced vocational intervention for helping individuals with a recent first schizophrenia episode to return to and remain in competitive work or regular schooling.

Methods: Individual Placement and Support (IPS) was adapted to meet the goals of individuals whose goals might involve either employment or schooling. IPS was combined with a Workplace Fundamentals Module (WFM) for an enhanced, outpatient, vocational intervention.

Increases in Tumor N-Glycan Polylactosamines Associated with Advanced HER2-Positive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Tissues.

Purpose: Using a recently developed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) method, human breast cancer formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections and tissue microarrays (TMA) are evaluated for N-linked glycan distribution in the tumor microenvironment.

Experimental Design: Tissue sections representing multiple human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptor-positive and triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) in both TMA and FFPE slide format are processed for high resolution N-glycan MALDI-IMS. An additional FFPE tissue cohort of primary and metastatic breast tumors from the same donors are also evaluated.

MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of N-Linked Glycans in Tissues.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been used for two decades to profile the glycan constituents of biological samples. An adaptation of the method to tissues, MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), allows high-throughput spatial profiling of hundreds to thousands of molecules within a single thin tissue section. The ability to profile N-glycans within tissues using MALDI-MSI is a recently developed method that allows identification and localization of 40 or more N-glycans.

Linking single-cell measurements of mass, growth rate, and gene expression.

Mass and growth rate are highly integrative measures of cell physiology not discernable via genomic measurements. Here, we introduce a microfluidic platform enabling direct measurement of single-cell mass and growth rate upstream of highly multiplexed single-cell profiling such as single-cell RNA sequencing. We resolve transcriptional signatures associated with single-cell mass and growth rate in L1210 and FL5.

Co-production and evaluation of an e-learning resource to improve African-Caribbean families' knowledge about schizophrenia and engagement with services: a pilot randomised controlled trial protocol.

Background: A higher proportion of African-Caribbean people in the UK are diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders than other ethnic groups. High levels of shame and stigma at individual and community levels contribute to delayed access to care, potentially increasing the duration of untreated psychosis and so worsening outcomes. Inferior access, more coercive care, and worse outcomes have created a 'circle of fear' of mental health services within African-Caribbean communities.

Real-World Technology Use Among People With Mental Illnesses: Qualitative Study.

Background: There is growing interest in using technology-based tools to support mental health recovery. Yet, despite evidence suggesting widespread access to technology among people with mental illnesses, interest in using technology to support mental health, and effectiveness of technology-based tools developed by researchers, such tools have not been widely adopted within mental health settings. Little is currently known about how mental health consumers are using technology to address mental health needs in real-world settings outside of controlled research studies.

Experimental considerations to observe two ionizing fronts in systems with a sharp absorption edge.

This paper examines the experimental requirements to observe two shock fronts driven by a single x-ray source in systems with a sharp absorption edge. We consider systems where the peak of the x-ray radiation drive coincides with the K-edge of the carbon, which occurs at a photon energy of 284 eV, causing photons to be deposited in two regions. The low-energy photons (E < 284 eV) penetrate further and drive the main shock, while the higher-energy photons (E > 284 eV) are absorbed in the ablated plasma.

Development of a backlit-multi-pinhole radiography source.

Backlit-pinhole radiography uses a pinhole placed between an x-ray source and a sample. The backlit-multi-pinhole design uses two pinholes on the same substrate, which are separated by a wall, to create two radiographic images projected along similar axes. The wall, a 100-m thick titanium foil, prevents x-rays generated near one pinhole from exiting the other pinhole.

Introducing Individual Placement and Support (IPS) supported employment in Japan.

Individual Placement and Support is a standardized model of supported employment, developed initially for people with serious mental disorders and now applied to people with a range of disabilities. More than two dozen randomized controlled trials around the world show that the approach helps a majority of participants to succeed in competitive employment. Individual Placement and Support is spreading rapidly across the USA and in many other high-income countries, with facilitation by an international learning community.