Procedural legitimacy: co-developing a community agreement model for genetic approaches research to malaria control in Africa.

With reductions in the malaria burden stalling in the past years, gene drive holds promise as a novel way of reducing disease transmission. Governance and decision-making processes are pivotal aspects of the legitimate adoption of this technology. Here, the authors explore Target Malaria's journey in developing a community agreement model for the release of non-gene drive genetically modified mosquitoes.

Influence of straight and inclined baffles on enhancement of battery thermal management system performance.

Battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) are used in electric vehicles (EVs) to regulate the heat generated by batteries while in use. Existing research on the improvement of BTMSs revealed that more research can be done by exploring different strategies to extend the service life and capabilities of EV batteries beyond the current limitations. In this study, effects of orientation of baffles; straight ( ), inclined ( and ), height of baffles, thickness of baffles, positioning of baffles and number of baffles on the performance of conventional Z - Type BTMS were studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach.

Surface modified copper foam with cobalt phthalocyanine carbon nanotube hybrids for tuning CO reduction reaction products.

The CO reduction reaction (CORR) is a feasible way to convert this greenhouse gas into molecules of industrial interest. Herein we present the modification of the Cu foam cathode using molecular catalyst hybrid from cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) to increase selectivity and stability towards CORR products in a flow cell setup.

Stakeholder engagement in the development of genetically modified mosquitoes for malaria control in West Africa: lessons learned from 10 years of Target Malaria's work in Mali.

From 2012 to 2023, the Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), based out of the University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), was part of the Target Malaria research consortium working towards developing novel gene drive-based tools for controlling populations of malaria vector mosquitoes. As part of this work, Target Malaria Mali has undertaken a range of in-depth engagement activities with the communities where their research is conducted and with other stakeholders nationally. These activities were meant to ensure that the project's activities took place with the agreement of those communities, and that those communities were able to play a role in shaping the project's approach to ensure that its eventual outcomes were in line with their needs and concerns.

Non-Sensory Perception and Sensory Appeal of , , Traditionally Cooked Seeds, and Tempeh According to Burkinabe Consumers.

The lack of adequate knowledge of the culinary and sensory properties of most indigenous and wild foods hampers their promotion in human diets and the market. In the present study, 80 Burkinabe volunteers evaluated the sensory appeal and attributes of three selected seed species (, or , and ) and their food formulae (traditionally cooked, harvested as green and fresh legumes, and fermented as tempeh) using the nine-point hedonic scale and check-all-that-apply questionnaire. They found that the traditionally cooked , or , and derived tempeh had good sensory appeal (scoring between 5 and 7) and subtle alkaline and nutty tastes.

Nutritional quality of the traditionally cooked Zamnè, a wild legume and a delicacy in Burkina Faso: assessment of the process effectiveness and the properties of cooking alkalis.

Zamnè is a wild legume and a famine food that attracts interest for its health benefits and has become a delicacy in Burkina Faso. This study aimed to determine the nutritional quality of the traditionally cooked Zamnè, appreciate the effectiveness of the traditional cooking process, and compare the properties of the traditionally used cooking alkalis (, potash or plant ash leachate and sodium bicarbonate). Yet, as shown, the traditional cooking of Zamnè is a very aggressive process that results in high disintegration of cell walls and membranes and leaching of most water-soluble constituents and nutrients (, free amino acids, soluble nitrogen, sugars, soluble dietary fibers, and soluble phenolics).

Stable Uranium Oxide Under Atmospheric Conditions: An Electroplating Technique for U Film Fabrication at Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes.

An electrodeposition technique of low-enriched uranium onto boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes for uranium electro-assembling, sequestration, uranium electrowinning (as the electroextraction alternative), and future neutron detection applications has been developed. Our findings through physicochemical characterization and an in-depth XPS analysis show that the U/BDD system consists of a blend of uranium oxides with IV, V, and VI oxidation states. Results show that U is present and stable under open atmospheric conditions.

Perceptions of COVID-19 among frontline health workers in Burkina Faso.

Introduction: In Burkina Faso, the first cases of COVID-19 were reported in March 2020. Health personnel are on the front line of COVID-19 control, and it is important to understand their perceptions and knowledge of the disease. The objective was to determine the knowledge and perceptions of healthcare personnel of COVID-19 in the city of Ouagadougou.

Inventory of human-edible products from native Acacia sensu lato in Africa, America, and Asia: Spotlight on Senegalia seeds, overlooked wild legumes in the arid tropics.

Acacia s.l. is a newly revised genus whose plant species are quintessential in the pantropical, arid, and hunger-prone areas.

Operationalizing stakeholder engagement for gene drive research in malaria elimination in Africa-translating guidance into practice.

Gene drive mosquitoes are increasingly considered a potential transformational tool for vector control of malaria mosquitoes. As part of efforts to promote responsible research in this field, a number of guidance documents have been published by the World Health Organization, National Academies and expert groups. While virtually all recent guidance documents on gene drive research stress the importance of stakeholder engagement activities, no specific guidelines on implementing them have been established.

Adherence to HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women, Non-Pregnant Women, and Men in Burkina Faso: Nationwide Analysis 2019-2020.

Background: Since the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) services in Burkina-Faso, achieving an AIDS-free generation depends on optimal ART adherence. However, no data exists on the population group differences on the level of ART adherence in Burkina-Faso. This study analyzes ART adherence among pregnant-and breastfeeding-women, non-pregnant women, and men in Burkina-Faso.

Assessment of Recovery Time, Worsening, and Death among Inpatients and Outpatients with COVID-19, Treated with Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine plus Azithromycin Combination in Burkina Faso.

Objectives: Our study aimed to assess the statistical relationship between the use of chloroquine phosphate or hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin (CQ/HCQ + AZ) and virological recovery, disease worsening, and death among out- and inpatients with COVID-19 in Burkina Faso.

Methods And Designs: This was a retrospective observational study that compared outcomes in terms of time to recovery, worsening, and death in patients who received CQ/HCQ + AZ and those who did not using a multivariable Cox or Poisson model before and after propensity matching.

Results: Of the 863 patients included in the study, about 50% (432/863) were home-based follow-up patients and 50% were inpatients.

Mark-release-recapture experiment in Burkina Faso demonstrates reduced fitness and dispersal of genetically-modified sterile malaria mosquitoes.

Every year, malaria kills approximately 405,000 people in Sub-Saharan Africa, most of them children under the age of five years. In many countries, progress in malaria control has been threatened by the rapid spread of resistance to antimalarial drugs and insecticides. Novel genetic mosquito control approaches could play an important role in future integrated malaria control strategies.

[Factors associated with the death of tuberculosis patients treated in Bamako, Mali, 2017 - 2018].

Goals: We studied the socio-demographic and paraclinicalcharacteristics of tuberculosis patients to identify the factors associated with their deaths in Bamako.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out on tuberculosis patients registered in Bamako from October 1, 2017 to September 30, 2018. Quantitative variables were presented by their mean, qualitative ones by their proportions.

Safety of Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine Plus Azithromycin for the Treatment of COVID-19 Patients in Burkina Faso: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Though chloroquine derivatives are used in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in many countries worldwide, doubts remain about the safety and efficacy of these drugs, especially in African communities where published data are scarce.

Methods: We conducted an observational prospective cohort study from April 24 to September 03, 2020, in Burkina Faso to assess (as primary outcome) the clinical, biological, and cardiac (electrocardiographic) safety of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin administered to COVID-19 patients. The main secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality and median time of viral clearance.

Small-scale release of non-gene drive mosquitoes in Burkina Faso: from engagement implementation to assessment, a learning journey.

Background: Innovative tools are needed to complement the existing approach for malaria elimination. Gene drive mosquitoes are one potential new technology in the control of malaria vectors. Target Malaria is one of the research projects developing this technology, and in July 2019, the project proceeded to an important step for this evaluation pathway: the small-scale release of non-gene drive sterile male mosquitoes in a village in Burkina Faso.

Co-developing a common glossary with stakeholders for engagement on new genetic approaches for malaria control in a local African setting.

Stakeholder engagement is an essential pillar for the development of innovative public health interventions, including genetic approaches for malaria vector control. Scientific terminologies are mainly lacking in local languages, yet when research activities involve international partnership, the question of technical jargon and its translation is crucial for effective and meaningful communication with stakeholders. Target Malaria, a not-for-profit research consortium developing innovative genetic approaches to malaria vector control, carried out a linguistic exercise in Mali, Burkina Faso and Uganda to establish the appropriate translation of its key terminology to local languages of sites where the teams operate.

[Factors associated with loss to follow-up in HIV-infected patients, Ségou, Mali].

Objective: to study the factors associatedlost to follow-up in People Living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (ATC).

Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study of two years. It concerned all HIV-infected patients aged 15 and over who were started on ART for at least 4 months.

Mapping the variability in physical, cooking, and nutritional properties of Zamnè, a wild food in Burkina Faso.

Zamnè is an Acacia seed used as a terroir food in Burkina Faso. It has been introduced as a famine-resilience crop and has become a cultural diet. However, little is known about its culinary and nutritional properties.

[Equity of access to immunization services in the Center-East health region in 2018, Burkina Faso].

Introduction: The Central East region of Burkina Faso has vaccine coverage which is among the lowest in the country with an epidemiological profile marked by the occurrence of measles or meningitis outbreaks. This study was conducted with the aim of carrying out an equity analysis of the organization of immunization services in this region in order to identify factors that cause potential inequities in vaccination offer.

Materials And Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study covered the seven districts in the Central East region.

[Equity of access to immunization services in the Center-East health region in 2018, Burkina Faso].

Introduction: The Central East region of Burkina Faso has vaccine coverage which is among the lowest in the country with an epidemiological profile marked by the occurrence of measles or meningitis outbreaks. This study was conducted with the aim of carrying out an equity analysis of the organization of immunization services in this region in order to identify factors that cause potential inequities in vaccination offer.

Materials And Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study covered the seven districts in the Central East region.

Dengue virus infection and pregnancy outcomes during the 2017 outbreak in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Dengue fever is a re-emerging pathology in Burkina Faso. It affects everyone and pregnant women are not left out. The objective of this study was to estimate the burden of dengue fever and to assess its effects on pregnancy outcomes in hospitalized pregnant women during the 2017 outbreak in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Motivations and expectations driving community participation in entomological research projects: Target Malaria as a case study in Bana, Western Burkina Faso.

Background: Most field entomology research projects require active participation by local community members. Since 2012, Target Malaria, a not-for-profit research consortium, has been working with residents in the village of Bana, in Western Burkina Faso, in various studies involving mosquito collections, releases and recaptures. The long-term goal of this work is to develop innovative solutions to combat malaria in Africa with the help of mosquito modification technologies.

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Introduction: The Central East region of Burkina Faso has vaccine coverage which is among the lowest in the country with an epidemiological profile marked by the occurrence of measles or meningitis outbreaks. This study was conducted with the aim of carrying out an equity analysis of the organization of immunization services in this region in order to identify factors that cause potential inequities in vaccination offer.

Materials And Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study covered the seven districts in the Central East region.