Exercise as a Therapeutic Strategy to Improve Cerebrovascular Function and Cognition in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Scoping Review.

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer globally. While the breast cancer prevalence continues to rise, so too do patient survival rates, thus resulting in a large survivor population. Up to 75% of this population report experiencing cancer-related cognitive impairment during their cancer journey, thus reducing their quality of survivorship.

Music to Their Ears: Reducing Antipsychotic Use With a Personalized Music Intervention for Rural Veterans.

Background This project investigates a music intervention to deprescribe antipsychotics in rural Veterans with dementia.  Methods The Veterans Health Administration Home-Based Primary Care Program is care provided in the home by an interdisciplinary team with the goals of decreasing hospitalizations and falls, providing education to patients and caregivers, and improving quality of life. Eighteen Home Based Primary Care Veterans with dementia and active antipsychotic prescriptions were identified with the goal to deprescribe antipsychotics in 50% of them using a music intervention.

Phase II Clinical Chemoprevention Trial of Weekly Erlotinib before Bladder Cancer Surgery.

We performed a clinical trial in patients with non-muscle-invasive (NMI) urothelial cancer randomized (2:1) to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib or placebo (either orally once weekly × 3 doses prior to scheduled surgery) to assess for a difference in EGFR phosphorylation in tumor-adjacent normal urothelium <24 hours post-study dose and tolerance of weekly erlotinib therapy. Thirty-seven volunteers (6 female/31 male; mean age 70; 35 White/2 non-White) with confirmed or suspected NMI urothelial cancer were enrolled into either erlotinib (n = 24; 900 mg-13, 600 mg-11) or placebo (n = 13). IHC assessment of phosphorylated and total EGFR in tumor-adjacent normal urothelium (20 erlotinib and 9 placebo subjects) or tumor (21 erlotinib and 11 placebo subjects) at study end showed no significant difference between those receiving erlotinib or placebo.

Advancing Clinical Trial Design for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: Despite recent drug development for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), few therapies have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and there remains an unmet clinical need. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) supply issues underscore the importance of developing safe and effective drugs for NMIBC.

Objective: On November 18-19, 2021, the FDA held a public virtual workshop to discuss NMIBC research needs and potential trial designs for future development of effective therapies.

Efficacy of Intravesical Nadofaragene Firadenovec for Patients With Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Unresponsive Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: 5-Year Follow-Up From a Phase 3 Trial.

Purpose: Nadofaragene firadenovec-vncg is a nonreplicating adenoviral vector-based gene therapy for bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive carcinoma in situ (CIS) with/without high-grade Ta/T1. We report outcomes following 5 years of planned follow-up.

Materials And Methods: This open-label phase 3 trial (NCT02773849) enrolled patients with BCG-unresponsive nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer in 2 cohorts: CIS ± Ta/T1 (CIS; n = 107) and Ta/T1 without CIS (Ta/T1 cohort; n = 50).

Impact of Triage Systems on Time to Diagnosis and Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injuries.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a potential complication from traumatic brain injury, with a 30-day mortality rate of 35-52%. Rapid diagnosis allows for earlier treatment, which impacts patient outcomes. A trauma activation (TA) is called when injury severity meets institutional criteria.

Grant funding among underrepresented minority and women urologists at academic institutions.

Introduction: Grant funding to Urology has decreased over the last decade. Documented lack of gender and race diversity at the faculty level raises concerns for funding disparities. This study sought to characterize disparities based upon race and gender in National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding data to Urologic faculty.

The Future State of Race/Ethnicity in Urology: Urology Workforce Projection From 2021-2061.

Objective: To project the proportion of the urology workforce that is from under-represented in medicine (URiM) groups between 2021-2061.

Methods: Demographic data were obtained from AUA Census and ACGME Data Resource Books. The number of graduating urology residents and proportion of URiM graduating residents were characterized with linear models.

Manganese in residential drinking water from a community-initiated case study in Massachusetts.

Background: Manganese (Mn) is a metal commonly found in drinking water, but the level that is safe for consumption is unknown. In the United States (U.S.

Large-scale Implementation of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Blocks in an Emergency Department.

Introduction: A robust body of literature supports the use of fascia iliaca compartment blocks (FICB) for improving outcomes in hip fractures, especially in the geriatric population. Our objective in this project was to implement consistent pre-surgical, emergency department (ED) FICB for hip fracture patients and to address barriers to implementation.

Methods: With the support of a multidisciplinary team, including orthopedic surgery and anesthesia, a core team of emergency physicians developed and implemented a departmentwide FICB training and credentialing program.

Reduced mitochondrial calcium uptake in macrophages is a major driver of inflammaging.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to age-associated inflammation or inflammaging, but underlying mechanisms are not understood. Analyses of 700 human blood transcriptomes revealed clear signs of age-associated low-grade inflammation. Among changes in mitochondrial components, we found that the expression of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and its regulatory subunit MICU1, genes central to mitochondrial Ca (mCa) signaling, correlated inversely with age.

Academic Productivity Among Underrepresented Minority and Women Urologists at Academic Institutions.

Objective: To characterize academic productivity for underrepresented minorities (URMs) vs non-URMs and by gender in Urology.

Methods: A database was created from 145 Urology residency programs. URM status was determined by origin of name, photo, biography, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Doximity.

Factors Influencing Underrepresented in Medicine Urologist Recruitment to Academic Institutions.

Introduction: We characterize factors associated with recruitment of underrepresented in medicine urology trainees and faculty to academic institutions given the excessive disparity between urology and other fields of medicine.

Methods: A database of urology faculty and residents in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education programs was created. Demographic data were obtained from departmental websites, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Doximity.

Differences in total cognition and cerebrovascular function in female breast cancer survivors and cancer-free women.

Reduced cognition is often reported by breast cancer patients and survivors, but the mechanisms for this decline are yet to be determined. We compared the differences in cerebrovascular function and cognition in breast cancer survivors (n = 15) and cancer-free women (n = 15) matched by age and body mass index. Participants undertook anthropometric, mood, cardiovascular, exercise performance, strength, cerebrovascular, and cognitive measurements.

Long noncoding RNA GATA2-AS1 augments endothelial hypoxia inducible factor 1-α induction and regulates hypoxic signaling.

Vascular endothelial cells form the inner cellular lining of blood vessels and have myriad physiologic functions including angiogenesis and response to hypoxia. We recently identified a set of endothelial cell (EC)-enriched long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in differentiated human primary cell types and described the role of the STEEL lncRNA in angiogenic patterning. We sought to further understand the role of EC-enriched lncRNAs in physiologic adaptation of the vascular endothelium.

Someone Like Me: An Examination of the Importance of Race-Concordant Mentorship in Urology.

Objective: To describe differences in urology mentorship exposure for medical students across race/ethnicity and to explore how much potential mentees valued the importance of race-concordant mentorship.

Methods: All medical students at UCLA received a cross-sectional survey. Dependent variables were perceived quality of mentorship in urology and association between race-concordant mentorship and perceived importance of race-concordant mentorship.

Myocarditis Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibition With Pembrolizumab: Management in a Context of Steroid Intolerance.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a major advance in oncology and have become first- or second-line therapy for over 50% of oncology patients. ICI-associated myocarditis is a complication that, although rare, has a high mortality rate. We present a case of ICI-associated myocarditis presenting as complete heart block.

Safety of repeat blue light cystoscopy with hexaminolevulinate (HAL) in the management of bladder cancer: Results from a phase III, comparative, multi-center study.

Purpose: The therapeutic benefit of intravesical instillation of hexaminolevulinate (HAL) at the time of transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) has been demonstrated in multiple studies. The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the safety of repeated administration of HAL from a phase III pre-trial planned analysis.

Materials And Methods: All patients evaluated in the study received at least 1 dose of HAL at the time of office cystoscopy, and a subset of these patients (n = 103, 33.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Medical Student Timing and Perceived Quality of Exposure to Urology.

Objective: To contextualize the low representation of Under-Represented in Medicine (URiM) in urology, we examine differences in timing and perceived quality of urology clinical and research exposures for medical students across race/ethnicity.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to all medical students at University of California, Los Angeles. Dependent variables were timing of urology exposure and perceived quality of urology exposure.

Efferocytosis requires periphagosomal Ca-signaling and TRPM7-mediated electrical activity.

Efficient clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytosis, also known as efferocytosis, is fundamental to developmental biology, organ physiology, and immunology. Macrophages use multiple mechanisms to detect and engulf apoptotic cells, but the signaling pathways that regulate the digestion of the apoptotic cell cargo, such as the dynamic Ca signals, are poorly understood. Using an siRNA screen, we identify TRPM7 as a Ca-conducting ion channel essential for phagosome maturation during efferocytosis.