Use of Endoscopic Ultrasound to Evaluate Large Gastric Folds: Features Predictive of Malignancy.

The aim of this study was to investigate with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) the features of the gastric wall that can be used to predict malignant disease in patients with large gastric folds. We retrospectively reviewed the EUS findings of 65 patients (26 with benign and 39 with malignant disease) with large gastric folds on endoscopy and EUS and analyzed the predictors of malignant disease (e.g.

Added value of subtraction imaging in detecting arterial enhancement in small (<3 cm) hepatic nodules on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in patients at high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objectives: To determine the importance of arterial enhancement in diagnosing small (<3 cm) hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and to evaluate the added value of dynamic subtraction magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting arterial enhancement in small (<3 cm) hepatic nodules in high-risk patients.

Methods: Eighty-six patients with 135 pathologically confirmed small (<3 cm) hepatic nodules (104 HCCs, 31 benign nodules) underwent MRI before curative surgery. Arterial enhancement was determined by three methods: (1) visual assessment of the arterial phase alone, (2) visual comparison of the arterial phase with the unenhanced phase and (3) additional review of subtraction images.

Validation of tumor markers in central nervous system germ cell tumors by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues.

The therapeutic protocols for treatment of germinomas and non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs) are completely different, so it is important to distinguish pure germinomas from NGGCTs. As it can be difficult to diagnose by morphology alone, immunohisto-chemistry (IHC) has been widely used as an ancillary test to improve diagnostic accuracy. However, IHC has limitations due to the misinterpretation of results or the aberrant loss of immunoreactivity.

Sinonasal carcinoma associated with inverted papilloma: a report of 16 cases.

Objectives: To analyse the characteristics and outcome of patients with carcinoma associated with inverted papilloma, and find predictors of associated malignancy.

Methods: The medical records of 228 patients who were diagnosed with IP between January 1990 and December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Out of 228 patients, 16 were also diagnosed with carcinoma.