Prospective validation of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria for identifying malnutrition in hospitals: A protocol and feasibility pilot study.

Background: The aim of this study was to pilot a protocol for prospective validation of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in hospital patients and evaluate its feasibility and patient acceptability.

Methods: The validation protocol follows the GLIM consortium's rigorous methodological guidance. Protocol feasibility was assessed against criteria on recruitment (≥50%) and data collection completion (≥80%); protocol acceptability was assessed via patient satisfaction surveys and interviews.

Similar rates of reoperation for neuroma after transtibial amputations with and without targeted muscle reinnervation.

Objective: To compare the rates of revision surgery for symptomatic neuromas in patients undergoing primary transtibial amputations with and without targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Level I trauma hospital and tertiary military medical center.

Osteocalcin improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and secretion in older male mice.

Osteocalcin deficient mice (OC-/-), on a mixed 129/BL6J background, were reported to show glucose intolerance, insulin insensitivity and reduced insulin secretion at 1-6 mos of age. This is controversial as two studies in OC-/- mice on different backgrounds (C3H/BL6 (5-6 mos.) and C57BL/6N (5 and 9 mos.

Lead induced differences in bone properties in osteocalcin +/+ and -/- female mice.

Lead (Pb) toxicity is a major health problem and bone is the major reservoir. Lead is detrimental to bone, affects bone remodeling and is associated with elderly fractures. Osteocalcin (OC) affects bone remodeling, improves fracture resistance and decreases with age and in some diseases.

An Occupation-Based Lifestyle Lecture Intervention as Part of Inpatient Addiction Recovery Treatment: Exploring Occupational Performance, Balance and Personal Recovery.

Introduction: Substance use disorders (SUDs) and addictive behaviours are growing problems which negatively impact health and wellbeing. Occupational therapy can support recovery by facilitating engagement in everyday activities that promote health. To date, the inclusion of occupational therapy in addiction recovery is limited and the evidence base for occupation-focused interventions is lacking.

A dolabralexin-deficient mutant provides insight into specialized diterpenoid metabolism in maize.

Two major groups of specialized metabolites in maize (Zea mays), termed kauralexins and dolabralexins, serve as known or predicted diterpenoid defenses against pathogens, herbivores, and other environmental stressors. To consider the physiological roles of the recently discovered dolabralexin pathway, we examined dolabralexin structural diversity, tissue-specificity, and stress-elicited production in a defined biosynthetic pathway mutant. Metabolomics analyses support a larger number of dolabralexin pathway products than previously known.

Root system architecture and environmental flux analysis in mature crops using 3D root mesocosms.

Current methods of root sampling typically only obtain small or incomplete sections of root systems and do not capture their true complexity. To facilitate the visualization and analysis of full-sized plant root systems in 3-dimensions, we developed customized mesocosm growth containers. While highly scalable, the design presented here uses an internal volume of 45 ft (1.

OrthoACCESS: Implementing a Sub-Internship Curriculum for MS4s Applying to Orthopaedic Surgery.

Objective: Medical students pursuing orthopedic surgery residency build foundational knowledge during clinical rotations. Most clinical rotations, home and away, were paused during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the lack of structured fourth-year medical student (MS4) education for basic orthopedics, educators developed the Ortho Acting-Intern Coordinated Clinical Education and Surgical Skills (OrthoACCESS) curriculum in 2019.

Latex Allergy as an Independent Risk Factor for Prosthetic Joint Infection.

In response to increasing rates of self-reported latex allergies, changes have been made to prevent anaphylaxis in the operating room, including the use of latex-free gloves. However, the impact of these changes on the risk of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after arthroplasty is unclear. This study evaluated whether documented latex allergy is an independent risk factor for PJI and aseptic revision surgery after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

What Proportion of Active-duty Servicemembers Functionally Improve at 1 Year Post Hallux Valgus Correction?

Background: When the symptoms of hallux valgus persist despite nonoperative management, surgical intervention may be considered to improve pain and restore function. Although most patients return to full or near-full activity after surgery, this is not always the case in higher-demand populations. In fact, little is known about the likelihood of a military servicemember returning to running or military duty, which is analogous to a recreationally active adult, after hallux valgus correction.

Engaging Education About Risks of Opioid Use With Patients Before Elective Surgery of the Lower Extremity Did Not Reduce Postoperative Opioid Utilization: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: After elective orthopaedic surgery, many individuals go on to become long-term opioid users. Mitigating this risk has become a priority for surgeons, other members of the medical care team, and healthcare systems. The purpose of this study was to compare opioid utilization after lower extremity orthopaedic surgery between patients who received an interactive video education session highlighting the risks of opioid use and those who did not.

Optimisation of root traits to provide enhanced ecosystem services in agricultural systems: A focus on cover crops.

Roots are the interface between the plant and the soil and play a central role in multiple ecosystem processes. With intensification of agricultural practices, rhizosphere processes are being disrupted and are causing degradation of the physical, chemical and biotic properties of soil. However, cover crops, a group of plants that provide ecosystem services, can be utilised during fallow periods or used as an intercrop to restore soil health.

Surgical Treatment for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus.

Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) are often associated with ankle pain and dysfunction. They can occur after ankle trauma, such as sprains or fractures, but they usually present as a continued ankle pain after the initial injury has resolved. Chronic ankle ligament instability and subsequent microtrauma may lead to insidious development of an OLT.

Abnormal paraoxonase-1 (PON1) enzyme activity in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

Objectives: Patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) have severe vascular involvement, which contributes to disease morbidity and mortality. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) associated protein that protects the vascular endothelium from oxidative injury and damage. The current work assessed the functional and genetic determinants of PON1 activity in IIM patients.

The Impact of Diabetes on Osteoporosis Management and Secondary Fracture Risk After Primary Fragility Fractures: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.

Introduction: Rates of osteoporosis evaluation and management after primary fragility fractures have remained low in recent years. The extent to which this treatment gap affects patients with diabetes is unclear. This study aimed to compare the risk of secondary fractures and rates of osteoporosis diagnosis and management after sentinel fractures in patients with and without diabetes.

Rates of Osteoporosis Management and Secondary Preventative Treatment After Primary Fragility Fractures.

Unlabelled: Fragility fractures are often sentinel events in documenting new cases of osteoporosis. Numerous analyses have demonstrated low rates of adequate osteoporosis evaluation and treatment following primary fragility fractures. The purpose of this study was to quantify the incidence of primary fragility fractures in America and the rates of osteoporosis screening and management before and after fracture.

Management of acute Achilles tendon ruptures: a survey of Army orthopaedic surgeons.

Background: Despite the literature on acute Achilles tendon ruptures, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the optimal treatment. The purpose of this survey study was to investigate treatment preferences among Army orthopaedic surgeons when presented with a standardized case of an acute Achilles rupture and determine if surgeon factors correlated with treatment preference.

Methods: A hypothetical case of a 37-year-old male with history, physical exam, and imaging consistent with an Achilles rupture was sent to board-certified Army orthopaedic surgeons to determine their preferred management.

Rated-M for mesocosm: allowing the multimodal analysis of mature root systems in 3D.

A plants' water and nutrients are primarily absorbed through roots, which in a natural setting is highly dependent on the 3-dimensional configuration of the root system, collectively known as root system architecture (RSA). RSA is difficult to study due to a variety of factors, accordingly, an arsenal of methods have been developed to address the challenges of both growing root systems for imaging, and the imaging methods themselves, although there is no 'best' method as each has its own spectrum of trade-offs. Here, we describe several methods for plant growth or imaging.

Establishing an Orthopedic Program-Specific, Comprehensive Competency-Based Education Program.

Background: Competency-based education (CBE) seeks to determine resident proficiency in the knowledge, skills, and behaviors required for independent patient care. Multiple assessment instruments evaluate technical skills or direct patient care in the clinic setting, but there are few reports incorporating both within an orthopedic specialty rotation. This study reports a residency program's comprehensive CBE initiative using formative assessments in the clinic and operating room during a sports medicine rotation.

High- density lipoprotein function is abnormal in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

Objective: Damage to the vascular endothelium is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Normally, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) protects the vascular endothelium from damage from oxidized phospholipids, which accumulate under conditions of oxidative stress. The current work evaluated the antioxidant function of HDL in IIM patients.

Super resolution for root imaging.

Premise: High-resolution cameras are very helpful for plant phenotyping as their images enable tasks such as target vs. background discrimination and the measurement and analysis of fine above-ground plant attributes. However, the acquisition of high-resolution images of plant roots is more challenging than above-ground data collection.

Maize lateral root developmental plasticity induced by mild water stress. II: Genotype-specific spatio-temporal effects on determinate development.

Maize lateral roots exhibit determinate growth, whereby the meristem is genetically programmed to stop producing new cells. To explore whether lateral root determinacy is modified under water deficits, we studied two maize genotypes (B73 and FR697) with divergent responses of lateral root growth to mild water stress using an experimental system that provided near-stable water potential environments throughout lateral root development. First-order laterals of the primary root system of FR697 exhibited delayed determinacy when grown at a water potential of -0.