The presence of diversity initiatives leads to increased pro-White hiring decisions among conservatives.

Despite the push and pull between pro-diversity advocates and conservative resistance, most organizations have implemented diversity initiatives in an effort to promote equitable and fair organizational practices. Past work has shown that these diversity initiatives may not be as effective as expected and may instead result in unintended negative consequences for the very individuals they are meant to support. In three novel experiments (total N = 3,664), we investigated whether and when the presence of pro-diversity messages in organizational job recruitment materials might facilitate versus hinder the hiring of underrepresented racial minorities.

A modular and multi-functional purification strategy that enables a common framework for manufacturing scale integrated and continuous biomanufacturing.

Biopharmaceutical manufacture is transitioning from batch to integrated and continuous biomanufacturing (ICB). The common framework for most ICB, potentially enables a global biomanufacturing ecosystem utilizing modular and multi-function manufacturing equipment. Integrating unit operation hardware and software from multiple suppliers, complex supply chains enabled by multiple customized single-use flow paths, and large volume buffer production/storage make this ICB vision difficult to achieve with commercially available manufacturing equipment.

Microfluidic Diffusional Sizing (MDS) Measurements of Secretory Neutralizing Antibody Affinity Against SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 has rampantly spread around the globe and continues to cause unprecedented loss through ongoing waves of (re)infection. Increasing our understanding of the protection against infection with SARS-CoV-2 is critical to ending the pandemic. Serological assays have been widely used to assess immune responses, but secretory antibodies, the essential first line of defense, have been studied to only a limited extent.

Dental referrals for patients with diabetes: survey of barriers and enablers for medical and health professionals.

Background: Oral health care improves diabetes management; however, medical and other health practitioners do not commonly refer their patients with diabetes for oral health care. This study aimed to understand barriers to and enablers of dental referrals for patients with diabetes.

Methods: Quantitative data were collected from a cross-sectional survey of health care providers attending a virtual Grand Rounds on the relationship between oral health and diabetes.

Identification and diagnosis of long COVID-19: A scoping review.

Long COVID-19 (LC-19) is a condition that has affected a high percentage of the population that recovered from the initial disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). LC-19 diagnosis is currently poorly defined because of its variable, multisystem, episodic symptoms, and lack of uniformity in the critical time points associated with the disease. Considering the number of cases, workers' compromised efficiency or inability to return to their duties can affect organizations and impact economies.

Discrimination and Perceived Cultural Mismatch Increase Status-Based Identity Uncertainty.

Periods of social mobility, such as attending college, can challenge one's status-based identity, leading to uncertainty around one's status in society. Status uncertainty is associated with poorer well-being and academic outcomes. Little is known, however, about what experiences lead to status uncertainty.

Reporting Rape: Stigmatizing Reactions to Survivors Who Seek Accountability.

Rape survivors face stigma when disclosing their experiences. We hypothesized that a rape survivor who formally reports their rape would experience more stigma than one who does not, and that this effect will be stronger when the perceiver is a man or low in support for sexual consent. Across two studies using self-report, observational, and psychophysiological measures, we found that a reporting survivor was seen more negatively than an identical survivor who did not report their rape.

Sleep, Emotions, and Sense of Belonging: A Daily Experience Study.

Unlabelled: Sleep has strong influences on affective and social experiences. However, less is known about the reciprocal effects of sleep, affect, and social experiences at a daily level, and little work has considered racial/ethnic minorities at high risk for social disconnection and discrimination. A 7-day daily experience study assessed the bidirectional relationships between daily sleep quality, affect, social experiences, and overall well-being among a sample of Latinx undergraduates ( = 109).

Do Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Quality Measures Reflect Cost-Effectiveness Evidence?

Objectives: Despite its importance of quality measures used by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the underlying cost-effectiveness evidence has not been examined. This study aimed to analyze cost-effectiveness evidence associated with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services quality measures.

Methods: After classifying 23 quality measures with the Donabedian's structure-process-outcome quality of care model, we identified cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) relevant to these measures from the Tufts Medical Center CEA Registry based on the PICOTS (population, intervention, comparator, outcome, time horizon, and setting) framework.

Hemoglobin A1c Patterns of Youth With Type 1 Diabetes 10 Years Post Diagnosis From 3 Continents.

Objectives: Distinct hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) trajectories during puberty are identified in youth with established type 1 diabetes (T1D). We used data from 3 international registries to evaluate whether distinct HbA1c trajectories occur from T1D onset.

Methods: Participants were <18 years old at diagnosis with at least 1 HbA1c measured within 12 months post diagnosis, along with ≥3 duration-year-aggregated HbA1c values over 10 years of follow-up.

Diversity Initiatives and White Americans' Perceptions of Racial Victimhood.

Seven experiments explore whether organizational diversity initiatives heighten White Americans' concerns about the respect and value afforded toward their racial group and increase their perceptions of anti-White bias. The presence (vs. absence) of organizational diversity initiatives (i.

Latinx identity and intersectional responses to stigma.

Objectives: Belonging to a stigmatized group presents a predicament between relying on your group as a source of support versus renouncing your group to avoid stigma and discrimination. We investigate how perceived stigma affects changes in group identification and whether this depends on other axes of advantage to which participants have access. We hypothesized that for Latinx undergraduate students, perceptions of stigma would predict increased ethnic identification but that access to other markers of advantage would dampen this effect.

Exploring urbanicity and its relationship with stigma and well-being outcomes for people with serious mental illnesses.

Following deinstitutionalization, services and housing for people with serious mental illnesses (SMI) became concentrated in economically disadvantaged urban centers. As these areas gentrify, affordable housing for people with SMI is increasingly found in nonurban areas. Although nonurban environments provide benefits for the general population, people with SMI living in nonurban areas perceive higher levels of mental illness stigma.

Developing a prototype for integrated dental and diabetes care: understanding needs and priorities.

Background: Periodontal treatment may be a useful adjunct to medical management of diabetes; however, oral health has not been integrated into multidisciplinary diabetes care in Australia. This study aimed to understand the needs of patients and staff at a diabetes clinic to inform a prototype of integrated dental and diabetes care.

Methods: Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from patients and staff at West Moreton Diabetes Clinic (WMDC) between September-October 2019.

Anticipated and Experienced Ethnic/Racial Discrimination and Sleep: A Longitudinal Study.

The transition to college is a stressful experience. For members of underrepresented minority groups, the usual stresses are frequently accompanied by ethnicity-based stressors, including discrimination. This longitudinal study extends prior work on discrimination by examining the prospective associations between anticipated and experienced ethnic/racial discrimination and sleep, a ubiquitous and basic biological need critical for optimal functioning.

The Clinical Role of Insulin Degludec/Insulin Aspart in Type 2 Diabetes: An Empirical Perspective from Experience in Australia.

Treatment intensification in people with type 2 diabetes following failure of basal insulin commonly involves the addition of a rapid-acting insulin analogue (basal plus one or more prandial doses; multiple daily injections) or by a switch to premixed insulin. Insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp), comprising rapid-acting insulin aspart and ultra-long-acting insulin degludec in solution, enables both fasting and post-prandial glucose control, with some advantages over other treatment intensification options. These include straightforward dose titration, flexibility in dose timing, low injection burden, simplicity of switching and a lower risk of hypoglycaemia.

Discrimination, health, and the costs and benefits of believing in system fairness.

Objective: For minority students from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds, attending university and succeeding despite social and academic stressors is often considered the ultimate marker of resilience. However, a growing body of work suggests that there may be health costs to upward mobility for such students. This study investigated whether believing that the social system is fair simultaneously promotes psychological health while undermining the physical health of Latinx students experiencing frequent discrimination.

Improving Type 2 Diabetes Management in General Practice Using a Second-Generation Basal Insulin Analogue Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL: A Practical Guide.

Type 2 diabetes management can be improved by the use of second-generation basal insulin analogues as the first choice on commencement of insulin, in this instance focussing on insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300). The clinical application of the use of Gla-300 include advantages such as less intra- and interpatient variability in glucose control resulting in rather less hypoglycaemia, longer duration of action and greater flexibility in the timing of administration thus suiting a wide range of patient presentations.Funding: Sanofi Australia.

Heterophile Antibody to Adrenocorticotropin Hormone Interfering with the Investigation of Cushing's Syndrome.

The practice of medicine depends on the accuracy of biochemical assays. The high prevalence of incidental masses on imaging necessitates a correct biochemical diagnosis before proceeding to radiological studies. Hormonal assays, tumour markers, and markers of cardiac injury are particularly susceptible to heterophile antibody interference which may lead to inaccurate and misleading results, inappropriate investigation and/or treatment, patient concern and potential harm.

Psychosocial screening and management of young people aged 18-25 years with diabetes.

Background: Routine psychosocial screening and management of people with diabetes is recommended.

Aims: To profile demographic, medical and psychosocial characteristics of young people with diabetes, and to develop a screening tool and care pathway for routine use.

Methods: Indices of diabetes control and recorded diabetes complications were complimented by psychosocial screening tools assessing psychological, diabetes specific and perceived stress (Kessler 10, Problem Area in Diabetes, Perceived Stress Scale), well-being (World Health Organization Well Being Index-5), disordered eating (Eating Disorder Risk Inventory-3 Risk Composite), compensatory behaviour questionnaire, social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), resilience (Connor Davidson Resilience Scale - 2 item) and financial concerns.

Presumed fair: ironic effects of organizational diversity structures.

This research tests the hypothesis that the presence (vs. absence) of organizational diversity structures causes high-status group members (Whites, men) to perceive organizations with diversity structures as procedurally fairer environments for underrepresented groups (racial minorities, women), even when it is clear that underrepresented groups have been unfairly disadvantaged within these organizations. Furthermore, this illusory sense of fairness derived from the mere presence of diversity structures causes high-status group members to legitimize the status quo by becoming less sensitive to discrimination targeted at underrepresented groups and reacting more harshly toward underrepresented group members who claim discrimination.

Detection of mRNA encoding receptors by in situ and Northern hybridization.

The ability to measure mRNA encoding protein is attractive, since, provided certain criteria are met, the investigator can be confident of highly selective detection. In addition, changes in mRNA expression as well as their precise cellular localization, provides the scientist with important information that may not be evident by the detection of the translated protein. Hence, the combined approach of assessing mRNA and protein expression will often allow a more precise hypothesis to be formulated.

The identification of N-glycosylated residues of the human 5-HT3B receptor subunit: importance for cell membrane expression.

The 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT(3)) receptor is a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel with potential molecular isoforms arising from different subunit combinations and/or different post-translational modifications of the individual subunits. Since N-glycosylation of the 5-HT3A subunit impacts cell surface trafficking, the presence of N-glycosylation of the human (h) 5-HT3B subunit and the influence upon cell membrane expression was investigated. Following transient expression of the h5-HT3B subunit by human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293 cells) stably expressing the h5-HT3A subunit, the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin reduced the size of the predominant h5-HT3B-immunoreactive protein (∼ 55 kDa reduced to ∼ 40 kDa).

Importance of the C-terminus of the human 5-HT3A receptor subunit.

Amongst the family members of Cys-loop LGICs, the atypical ability of the 5-HT3A subunit to form functional homomeric receptors allowed a direct investigation of the role of the C-terminus. Deletion of the three C-terminal amino acids (DeltaGln453-DeltaTyr454-DeltaAla455) from the h5-HT3A subunit prevented formation of a specific radioligand binding site as well as expression within the cell membrane. Removal of merely the C-terminal residue (DeltaAla455) reduced specific radioligand binding (to 4+/-1% relative to the wild-type; cells grown at 37 degrees C) and also cell membrane expression; these reductions were less evident when the DeltaAla455 expressing cells were grown at 27 degrees C (specific radioligand binding levels 27+/-5% relative to wild-type also grown at 27 degrees C).

Identification and functional significance of N-glycosylation of the 5-ht5A receptor.

The presence and roles of N-glycosylation of the human (h) 5-ht(5A) receptor were investigated using a heterologous expression system. Following transient transfection of COS-7 cells with h5-ht(5A) receptor cDNA, SDS-PAGE/Western blot analysis of immunoreactivity demonstrated two protein species; a predominant species with a molecular weight of approximately 35-45 kDa and a minor species of approximately 45-55 kDa. Transfected cells grown in the presence of the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin, failed to express the minor immunoreactive species indicating this represented the N-glycosylated form of the h5-ht(5A) receptor.