Skin lesions image analysis utilizing smartphones and cloud platforms.

This chapter presents the state of the art on mobile teledermoscopy applications, utilizing smartphones able to store digital images of skin areas depicting regions of interest (lesions) and perform self-assessment or communicate the captured images with expert physicians. Mobile teledermoscopy systems consist of a mobile application that can acquire and identify moles in skin images and classify them according their severity and Cloud infrastructure exploiting computational and storage resources. The chapter presents some indicative mobile applications for skin lesions assessment and describes a proposed system developed by our team that can perform skin lesion evaluation both on the phone and on the Cloud, depending on the network availability.

Advanced characterization of microscopic kidney biopsies utilizing image analysis techniques.

Correct annotation and identification of salient regions in Kidney biopsy images can provide an estimation of pathogenesis in obstructive nephropathy. This paper presents a tool for the automatic or manual segmentation of such regions along with methodology for their characterization in terms of the exhibited pathology. The proposed implementation is based on custom code written in Java and the utilization of open source tools (i.

Automated skin lesion assessment using mobile technologies and cloud platforms.

This paper presents a smart phone based system for storing digital images of skin areas depicting regions of interest (lesions) and performing self-assessment of these skin lesions within these areas. The system consists of a mobile application that can acquire and identify moles in skin images and classify them according their severity into melanoma, nevus and benign lesions. The proposed system includes also a cloud infrastructure exploiting computational and storage resources.

A collaborative biomedical image mining framework: application on the image analysis of microscopic kidney biopsies.

The analysis and characterization of biomedical image data is a complex procedure involving several processing phases, like data acquisition, preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. The proper combination and parameterization of the utilized methods are heavily relying on the given image data set and experiment type. They may thus necessitate advanced image processing and classification knowledge and skills from the side of the biomedical expert.

Hormonal parameters and sex hormone receptor gene polymorphisms in men with autoimmune diseases.

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are more common in women than in men. Sex hormones may play a role. Sex hormone receptors (SHR) are expressed in cells of the immune system.

Statistical data mining of streaming motion data for fall detection in assistive environments.

The analysis of human motion data is interesting for the purpose of activity recognition or emergency event detection, especially in the case of elderly or disabled people living independently in their homes. Several techniques have been proposed for identifying such distress situations using either motion, audio or video sensors on the monitored subject (wearable sensors) or the surrounding environment. The output of such sensors is data streams that require real time recognition, especially in emergency situations, thus traditional classification approaches may not be applicable for immediate alarm triggering or fall prevention.

Mobile healthcare information management utilizing Cloud Computing and Android OS.

Cloud Computing provides functionality for managing information data in a distributed, ubiquitous and pervasive manner supporting several platforms, systems and applications. This work presents the implementation of a mobile system that enables electronic healthcare data storage, update and retrieval using Cloud Computing. The mobile application is developed using Google's Android operating system and provides management of patient health records and medical images (supporting DICOM format and JPEG2000 coding).

An open data mining framework for the analysis of medical images: application on obstructive nephropathy microscopy images.

This paper presents an open image-mining framework that provides access to tools and methods for the characterization of medical images. Several image processing and feature extraction operators have been implemented and exposed through Web Services. Rapid-Miner, an open source data mining system has been utilized for applying classification operators and creating the essential processing workflows.

Classification of apoptosis using advanced clustering techniques on digital microscopic images.

Programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis is of fundamental importance in many biological processes and also highly associated with serious diseases like cancer and HIV. The current paper presents an innovative method for apoptosis phenomenon characterization based on apoptotic cell quantification and detection using active contours. Subsequently, we employ appropriate data mining techniques and perform characterization of apoptosis on digital microscopic images.

Classification of dermatological images using advanced clustering techniques.

Computer vision-based diagnosis systems have been widely used in dermatology, aiming at the early detection of skin cancer and more specifically the recognition of malignant melanoma tumor. This paper proposes a novel clustering technique for the characterization and categorization of pigmented skin lesions in dermatological images. Appropriate image processing techniques (i.

GRISSOM platform: enabling distributed processing and management of biological data through fusion of grid and web technologies.

Transcriptomic technologies have a critical impact in the revolutionary changes that reshape biological research. Through the recruitment of novel high-throughput instrumentation and advanced computational methodologies, an unprecedented wealth of quantitative data is produced. Microarray experiments are considered high-throughput, both in terms of data volumes (data intensive) and processing complexity (computationally intensive).

Emergency fall incidents detection in assisted living environments utilizing motion, sound, and visual perceptual components.

This paper presents the implementation details of a patient status awareness enabling human activity interpretation and emergency detection in cases, where the personal health is threatened like elder falls or patient collapses. The proposed system utilizes video, audio, and motion data captured from the patient's body using appropriate body sensors and the surrounding environment, using overhead cameras and microphone arrays. Appropriate tracking techniques are applied to the visual perceptual component enabling the trajectory tracking of persons, while proper audio data processing and sound directionality analysis in conjunction to motion information and subject's visual location can verify fall and indicate an emergency event.

Enabling distributed processing and management of biological data using the grid and web technologies.

Transcriptomic technologies have dramatically reshaped modern biological research by deriving profiles of genome-wide expression of living organisms, and producing an unprecedented wealth of quantitative data. Given this characteristic, microarray experiments are considered high-throughput both in terms of data (data intensive) and processing (computationally intensive). GRISSOM Web Tools enable the exploitation of GRID resources for DNA microarray data distributed processing and management.

Estrogen receptor beta gene variants may be associated with more favorable metabolic profile in postmenopausal women undergoing coronary angiography.

Aim: Estrogen action is exerted on the vasculature through estrogen receptors ER alpha and ER beta. We have previously reported significant association of ER alpha gene (ESR1) variants with more severe coronary artery disease (CAD) in postmenopausal women. The influence of ER beta gene (ESR2) variants on the cardiovascular system is not well established.

Wavelet-based compression with ROI coding support for mobile access to DICOM images over heterogeneous radio networks.

Most of the commercial medical image viewers do not provide scalability in image compression and/or region of interest (ROI) encoding/decoding. Furthermore, these viewers do not take into consideration the special requirements and needs of a heterogeneous radio setting that is constituted by different access technologies [e.g.

Overview of advanced computer vision systems for skin lesions characterization.

During the last years, computer-vision-based diagnosis systems have been used in several hospitals and dermatology clinics, aiming mostly at the early detection of skin cancer, and more specifically, the recognition of malignant melanoma tumour. In this paper, we review the state of the art in such systems by first presenting the installation, the visual features used for skin lesion classification, and the methods for defining them. Then, we describe how to extract these features through digital image processing methods, i.

Computer-supported angiogenesis quantification using image analysis and statistical averaging.

Angiogenesis is a complex process, involving multiple crosstalks among tumor, endothelial, and stromal cells in order to establish a biochemical network for oxygen and nutrients supply, necessary for the promotion of tumor growth. In this sense, measuring angiogenic activity is considered an informative marker of tumor growth or its inhibition. One of the most popular testbeds for the study of angiogenesis is developing chick embryo and its chorioallantoic membrane (CAM).

The importance of the (TAAAA)n alleles at the SHBG gene promoter for the severity of coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women.

Objective: Androgen may be detrimental in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in women. We investigated possible associations between the (TAAAA)n polymorphism of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) gene promoter, which influences transcriptional efficiency of the SHBG gene and the severity of CAD in women.

Design: In this prospective clinical study, 146 postmenopausal women (46-88 y) undergoing coronary angiography were studied.

Advanced medical video services through context-aware medical networks.

The aim of this paper is to present a framework for advanced medical video delivery services, through network and patient-state awareness. Under this scope a context-aware medical networking platform is described. The developed platform enables proper medical video data coding and transmission according to both a) network availability and/or quality and b) patient status, optimizing thus network performance and telediagnosis.

Automated cell apoptosis characterization using active contours.

Programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis, is of fundamental importance in many biological processes and also highly associated with serious diseases like cancer and HIV. The current paper presents an innovative method for apoptosis phenomenon characterization based on apoptotic cell quantification and detection using active contours (snakes). Evaluation results against manual counts have proved the high accuracy and efficiency of the developed method.

Automated angiogenesis quantification through advanced image processing techniques.

Angiogenesis, the formation of blood vessels in tumors, is an interactive process between tumor, endothelial and stromal cells in order to create a network for oxygen and nutrients supply, necessary for tumor growth. According to this, angiogenic activity is considered a suitable method for both tumor growth or inhibition detection. The angiogenic potential is usually estimated by counting the number of blood vessels in particular sections.

Medical Image Compression using Wavelet Transform on Mobile Devices with ROI coding support.

Medical applications have already been integrated into mobile devices (e.g. Tablet PC's and PDA's) and are being used by medical personnel in treatment centers, for retrieving and examining patient data and medical images.

Severity of cardiovascular disease in women: relation with exposure to endogenous estrogen.

Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is more common in men than in women. Endogenous sex steroids may be the main factor responsible, as long-term estrogen action appears to be protective. The aim of the study was to investigate the predisposing factors responsible for the severity of CAD in women.

Molecular heterogeneity of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in the Hellenic population.

We report results from a systematic study to identify the molecular basis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency on a sample of 299 male subjects from the Hellenic population. Our stepwise approach involved partial biochemical characterization and quantitation of the enzyme's activity, MboII restriction endonuclease digestion to identify the G6PD Mediterranean variant, which represents the most frequent G6PD variant in our population and a nonradioactive polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism methodology for the detection of the underlying molecular defect(s) in the rest of the non-Mediterranean G6PD-deficient individuals. Through this approach, six different G6PD variants were identified (G6PD Mediterranean, G6PD Hermoupolis, G6PD Cassano, G6PD Seattle, G6PD Ierapetra and G6PD Acrokorinthos), two of which were new (G6PD Hermoupolis, G6PD Acrokorinthos).