A parallel-group randomized controlled trial of blue light versus red light for improving sleep, fatigue, and cognition following stroke: Pilot results and recommendations for further study.

Background: Disordered sleep and fatigue are common in the acute phase of stroke and can impede recovery.

Objective: A randomized parallel group placebo-controlled pilot study compared daily morning exposure to blue light or red light (placebo) for improving daytime sleepiness, fatigue, nocturnal sleep, and cognition in patients receiving inpatient rehabilitation for acute stroke.

Methods: 43 patients with disordered sleep secondary to first episode stroke (n = 34 ischemic, n = 9 hemorrhagic; aged 66.

Covid-19 vaccination status and beliefs of individuals with co-occurring serious mental illness and alcohol use disorder.

Objective: The study objective was to determine factors associated with obtaining COVID-19 vaccination in people with co-occurring alcohol use disorder (AUD) and serious mental illness (SMI).

Methods: Survey responses were obtained from 135 adults with SMI seeking community-based AUD treatment about their primary series vaccination status, COVID-19 preventative practices, vaccination motivators, reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and strategies to increase vaccination uptake. Vaccinated and unvaccinated groups were compared.

The Role of Proximity to Coordinated Specialty Care For Early Psychosis And Program Engagement in Washington State: The Interaction of Travel Time, Race, and Ethnicity.

Objective: Proximity to mental health services is a predictor of timely access to services. The present study sought to investigate whether travel time was associated with engagement in coordinated specialty care (CSC) for early psychosis, with specific attention to whether the interaction of travel time by race and ethnicity had differential impact.

Data Source/study Setting: Data collected between 2019 and 2022 as part of the New Journeys evaluation, the CSC model in Washington State.

Multidimensional Approach to Exploring Neighborhood Determinants and Symptom Severity Among Individuals With Psychosis.

Importance: The impact of cumulative exposure to neighborhood factors on psychosis, depression, and anxiety symptom severity prior to specialized services for psychosis is unknown.

Objective: To identify latent neighborhood profiles based on unique combinations of social, economic, and environmental factors, and validate profiles by examining differences in symptom severity among individuals with first episode psychosis (FEP).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used neighborhood demographic data and health outcome data for US individuals with FEP receiving services between January 2017 and August 2022.

Feasibility of a telehealth-based contingency management intervention for alcohol use disorders using the phosphatidylethanol (PEth) 16:0/18:1 alcohol biomarker: a pilot randomized trial.

Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a blood-based biomarker for alcohol consumption that can be self-collected and has high sensitivity, specificity, and a longer detection window compared to other alcohol biomarkers. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth-based contingency management (CM) intervention for alcohol use disorder (AUD) using the blood-based biomarker PEth to assess alcohol consumption. Sixteen adults (7 female, 9 male) with AUD were randomized to Control or CM conditions.

Addressing the Spectrum of Opioid Misuse Prevention, Treatment, and Recovery in Rural Washington State Communities: Provider Identified Barriers and Needs.

The opioid overdose epidemic has significantly impacted rural communities. Rural settings present unique challenges to addressing opioid misuse. The purpose of the current study was to understand the similarities and differences between rural and urban-based providers serving rural communities.

An unexplored equity factor: differential beliefs and attitudes toward contingency management by providers' ethnicity.

Background: Although considered one of the most effective interventions for substance use disorders (SUD), the widespread implementation of contingency management (CM) has remained limited. In more recent years there has been surge in the implementation of CM to address increasing rates of substance use. Prior studies at the provider-level have explored beliefs about CM among SUD treatment providers and have tailored implementation strategies based on identified barriers and training needs, to promote implementation of CM.

Perceived Barriers to Patient Mobilization Among Therapy and Nursing Acute Care Staff: A Multi-Site Survey Study.

Objective: To identify differences in perceived barriers to patient mobilization in acute care among therapy and nursing clinicians, and among hospitals of different sizes and types.

Design: Cross-sectional survey study.

Setting: Eight hospitals of various sizes and types (teaching vs non-teaching; urban vs rural), from 2 different states in the Western region of the United States.

Ethnoracial Differences in Family Members' Early Contact with Formal and Informal Resources on the Pathway to Care during the Early Stages of Psychosis.

The present study examined whether there were ethnoracial differences in the use of formal and informal resources by family members of individuals in the early stages of psychosis. A sample of 154 family member respondents participated in an online cross-sectional survey. Ethnoracially minoritized family members disproportionately made early contact with informal resources (e.

An Unexplored Equity Factor During Pre-Implementation of Contingency Management: Differential Beliefs and Attitudes by Providers' Ethnicity.

Although considered one of the most effective interventions for substance use disorders (SUD), the widespread uptake of contingency management (CM) has remained limited. Prior studies at the provider-level have explored beliefs about CM among SUD treatment providers and have tailored implementation strategies based on identified barriers and training needs. However, there have been no implementation strategies that have actively sought to identify or address potential differences in the beliefs about CM that could be influenced by the cultural background (e.

Literature review of stroke assessment for upper-extremity physical function via EEG, EMG, kinematic, and kinetic measurements and their reliability.

Background: Significant clinician training is required to mitigate the subjective nature and achieve useful reliability between measurement occasions and therapists. Previous research supports that robotic instruments can improve quantitative biomechanical assessments of the upper limb, offering reliable and more sensitive measures. Furthermore, combining kinematic and kinetic measurements with electrophysiological measurements offers new insights to unlock targeted impairment-specific therapy.

Endocannabinoids and related lipids in serum from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background: The goals of this study were to determine whether serum concentrations of endocannabinoids (eCB) and related lipids predict disease status in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) relative to healthy controls, and whether concentrations correlate with disease duration and severity.

Methods: Serum concentrations of the eCBs 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA), and related lipids palmitoylethanolamine (PEA), oleoylethanolamine (OEA), and 2-oleoylglycerol (2-OG), were measured in samples from 47 patients with ALS and 19 healthy adults. Hierarchical binary logistic and linear regression analyses assessed whether lipid concentrations predicted disease status (ALS or healthy control), duration, or severity.

Efficacy of text messaging apprentices to reinforce ergonomics and safety voice training.

Introduction: Injuries and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common among masons. SAfety Voice for Ergonomics (SAVE) integrates training in ergonomic and safety problem-solving skills into masonry apprenticeship training. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of text messaging to reinforce SAVE program content.

Wearable Device-Independent Next Day Activity and Next Night Sleep Prediction for Rehabilitation Populations.

Wearable sensor-based devices are increasingly applied in free-living and clinical settings to collect fine-grained, objective data about activity and sleep behavior. The manufacturers of these devices provide proprietary software that labels the sensor data at specified time intervals with activity and sleep information. If the device wearer has a health condition affecting their movement, such as a stroke, these labels and their values can vary greatly from manufacturer to manufacturer.

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal pain in masonry apprentices.

The construction industry, specifically masonry, reports more work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) rates than the general industry. Masonry apprentices are assumed to be healthy, yet may have WMSDs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS), time loss, and healthcare use among apprentices.

The utility of the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination in inpatient rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury: preliminary findings.

Objective: The Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) could provide useful information about cognitive status in traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet has not been validated in this population. We studied the reliability, construct validity, clinical responsiveness, and cognitive impairment classification-ability of the 3MS compared to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Methods: Adult participants receiving inpatient rehabilitation services for TBI were administered the 3MS and MMSE at admission and discharge (n = 72).

Safety Voice for Ergonomics (SAVE): Evaluation of a masonry apprenticeship training program.

Background: Masons have a high rate of musculoskeletal disorders among construction workers and greater than all other industries. Viable solutions to musculoskeletal hazards have been identified by industry stakeholders, yet masons receive minimal ergonomics training. Apprentices, as the next generation of masons, need training and strategies to identify and speak up about ergonomic and safety issues on job sites.

Multiple family group intervention for spinal cord injury: Quantitative and qualitative comparison with standard education.

To evaluate a Multiple Family Group (MFG) education and support intervention for individuals with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and their primary caregivers. We hypothesized that MFG would be superior to an Education Control Group (EC) for improving patient activation and coping skills, social supports, and relationship functioning. A large free-standing inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation facility.

Non-invasive MRI quantification of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.

Background: Developing novel therapeutic agents to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has been difficult due to multifactorial pathophysiologic processes at work. Intrathecal drug administration shows promise due to close proximity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to affected tissues. Development of effective intrathecal pharmaceuticals will rely on accurate models of how drugs are dispersed in the CSF.

Potential Adverse Drug Events and Associated Costs During Transition from Hospital to Home.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in medication discrepancy identification between pharmacists and nurses for patients 50 years of age and older receiving home health services following discharge from an inpatient hospital. It also evaluates the potential cost savings to the health care system as a result of avoiding adverse drug events (ADEs). Medication discrepancies were documented within seven days following hospital discharge.

Implementing Wearable Sensors for Continuous Assessment of Daytime Heart Rate Response in Inpatient Rehabilitation.

Background: It is unclear whether wearable heart rate (HR) sensors can be worn continuously in inpatient rehabilitation to assess cardiorespiratory training response. If feasible, these sensors offer a low-cost low-maintenance method for assessing HR response in this setting. We determined feasibility of wearable sensors for assessing HR response to daytime therapy activities in inpatient rehabilitation within a cardiorespiratory training zone equal to 55-80% of maximal HR (target HR [THR]) for at least two 10-min bouts, 3-5 days per week.

Naturalistic Assessment using a Simulated Environment: Cognitive Correlates and Relationship to Functional Status in Individuals with Neurologic Conditions.

Objective: Research has shown that neurologic conditions, such as traumatic brain injury and multiple sclerosis, result in a number of cognitive and functional deficits. However, little is known about the relationship between various cognitive domains and ability to perform everyday activities. The Community Shopping Task (CST), a naturalistic assessment task conducted in a simulated environment, was used to examine functional abilities and cognitive correlates of everyday functioning in individuals with neurologic conditions.

Analyzing Sensor-Based Time Series Data to Track Changes in Physical Activity during Inpatient Rehabilitation.

Time series data collected from sensors can be analyzed to monitor changes in physical activity as an individual makes a substantial lifestyle change, such as recovering from an injury or illness. In an inpatient rehabilitation setting, approaches to detect and explain changes in longitudinal physical activity data collected from wearable sensors can provide value as a monitoring, research, and motivating tool. We adapt and expand our Physical Activity Change Detection (PACD) approach to analyze changes in patient activity in such a setting.

Measuring Changes in Gait and Vehicle Transfer Ability During Inpatient Rehabilitation with Wearable Inertial Sensors.

Restoration of functional independence in gait and vehicle transfer ability is a common goal of inpatient rehabilitation. Currently, ambulation changes tend to be subjectively assessed. To investigate more precise objective assessment of progress in inpatient rehabilitation, we quantitatively assessed gait and transfer performances over the course of rehabilitation with wearable inertial sensors for 20 patients receiving inpatient rehabilitation services.

Detailed Clinical Phenotype and Molecular Genetic Findings in CLN3-Associated Isolated Retinal Degeneration.

Importance: Mutations in genes traditionally associated with syndromic retinal disease are increasingly found to cause nonsyndromic inherited retinal degenerations. Mutations in CLN3 are classically associated with juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, a rare neurodegenerative disease with early retinal degeneration and progressive neurologic deterioration, but have recently also been identified in patients with nonsyndromic inherited retinal degenerations. To our knowledge, detailed clinical characterization of such cases has yet to be reported.