Rapid resolution of severe subcutaneous emphysema causing respiratory failure with subcutaneous drain.

This case reports on a critically ill patient (Male, 74) with severe subcutaneous emphysema which progressed to causing respiratory distress. We document both the severity of the condition we observed and then present a novel intervention. In this case, we decompressed the patient at the intensive care unit-bedside and resolved the condition.

Exhaled Nitric Oxide Changes During Acclimatization to High Altitude: A Descriptive Study.

Unlabelled: Summerfield, Douglas T., Kirsten E. Coffman, Bryan J.

Interstitial lung fluid balance in healthy lowlanders exposed to high-altitude.

We aimed to assess lung fluid balance before and after gradual ascent to 5150m. Lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), alveolar-capillary membrane conductance (Dm) and ultrasound lung comets (ULCs) were assessed in 12 healthy lowlanders at sea-level, and on Day 1, Day 5 and Day 9 after arrival at Mount Everest Base Camp (EBC). EBC was reached following an 8-day hike at progressively increasing altitudes starting at 2860m.

Prostate Cancer in Pilots.

Background: Aviation exposes pilots to various occupationally related hazards, including ionizing radiation and chemical combustion. The possibility of increased prostate cancer incidence and mortality among pilots is a subject of debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize the supporting evidence and determine the magnitude of association.

Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of Bedside General and Cardiac Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Critically Ill Patients-Part II: Cardiac Ultrasonography.

Objective: To establish evidence-based guidelines for the use of bedside cardiac ultrasound, echocardiography, in the ICU and equivalent care sites.

Methods: Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system was used to rank the "levels" of quality of evidence into high (A), moderate (B), or low (C) and to determine the "strength" of recommendations as either strong (strength class 1) or conditional/weak (strength class 2), thus generating six "grades" of recommendations (1A-1B-1C-2A-2B-2C). Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation was used for all questions with clinically relevant outcomes.

Pulmonary capillary reserve and exercise capacity at high altitude in healthy humans.

Purpose: We determined whether well-acclimatized humans have a reserve to recruit pulmonary capillaries in response to exercise at high altitude.

Methods: At sea level, lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), alveolar-capillary membrane conductance (DmCO), and pulmonary capillary blood volume (V c) were measured at rest before maximal oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) was determined in seven adults. Then, DLCO, DmCO and V c were measured pre- and post-exhaustive incremental exercise at 5150 m after ~40 days of acclimatization.

Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of Bedside General and Cardiac Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Critically Ill Patients-Part I: General Ultrasonography.

Objective: To establish evidence-based guidelines for the use of bedside ultrasound by intensivists and specialists in the ICU and equivalent care sites for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes for organs of the chest, abdomen, pelvis, neck, and extremities.

Methods: The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system was used to determine the strength of recommendations as either strong or conditional/weak and to rank the "levels" of quality of evidence into high (A), moderate (B), or low (C) and thus generating six "grades" of recommendation (1A-1B-1C-2A-2B-2C). Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used for all questions with clinically relevant outcomes.

The risk of prostate cancer in pilots: a meta-analysis.

Background: Aviation exposes pilots to various occupationally related hazards, including ionizing radiation and chemical combustion. The possible increased risk of prostate cancer among pilots in comparison to the general population is a subject of debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the quality of supporting evidence and magnitude of this association.

Inhaled nitric oxide as salvage therapy in massive pulmonary embolism: a case series.

Inhaled nitric oxide (INO) has been shown to preferentially lower resistance in the pulmonary vasculature. The relative selectiveness of INO in accomplishing this effect makes it an attractive drug to administer as salvage therapy in patients with acute right ventricular failure secondary to pulmonary embolism. We describe 4 cases in which INO was used as a temporizing agent to decrease right ventricular after-load following massive near-fatal pulmonary embolism.

Parameters of LRP5 from a structural and molecular perspective.

LRP5, along with LRP6 and their Drosophila homolog, Arrow, constitute a novel subclass of the LDL receptor superfamily. The arrangement of structural motifs in these receptors is different from the other members of the superfamily, and only recently have we begun to understand the functional importance of human LRP5 (and LRP6). Whole genome positional cloning studies have identified a number of mutations in LRP5 that underlie inherited human diseases/phenotypes, particularly those involving the skeleton and the eye.

Cluster II che genes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa are required for an optimal chemotactic response.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a gamma-proteobacterium, is motile by means of a single polar flagellum and is chemotactic to a variety of organic compounds and phosphate. P. aeruginosa has multiple homologues of Escherichia coli chemotaxis genes that are organized into five gene clusters.