Alternative Models of Nurse Staffing May Be Dangerous in High-Stakes Hospital Care.

Background: Hospitals are resurrecting the outdated "team nursing" model of staffing that substitutes lower-wage staff for registered nurses (RNs).

Objectives: To evaluate whether reducing the proportion of RNs to total nursing staff in hospitals is in the best interest of patients, hospitals, and payers.

Research Design: Cross-sectional, retrospective.

Physician and nurse well-being, patient safety and recommendations for interventions: cross-sectional survey in hospitals in six European countries.

Objectives: To determine the well-being of physicians and nurses in hospital practice in Europe, and to identify interventions that hold promise for reducing adverse clinician outcomes and improving patient safety.

Design: Baseline cross-sectional survey of 2187 physicians and 6643 nurses practicing in 64 hospitals in six European countries participating in the EU-funded Magnet4Europe intervention to improve clinicians' well-being.

Setting: Acute general hospitals with 150 or more beds in six European countries: Belgium, England, Germany, Ireland, Sweden and Norway.

Mortality Among the Dementia Population in Not-For-Profit Hospitals with Better Nursing Resources.

The dementia population has higher rates of mortality during hospital stays than those without dementia. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between ownership status (i.e.

The association of the emergency department work environment on patient care and nurse job outcomes.

Objective: To determine the association between emergency nurses' work environments and patient care quality and safety, and nurse burnout, intent to leave, and job dissatisfaction.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 221 hospitals in New York and Illinois informed by surveys from 746 emergency nurses and 6932 inpatient nurses with linked data on hospital characteristics from American Hospital Association Annual Hospital Survey. The RN4CAST-NY/IL study surveyed all registered nurses in New York and Illinois between April and June 2021 about patient safety, care quality, burnout, intent to leave, and job dissatisfaction and aggregated their responses to specific hospitals where they practiced.

Physician and Nurse Well-Being and Preferred Interventions to Address Burnout in Hospital Practice: Factors Associated With Turnover, Outcomes, and Patient Safety.

Importance: Disruptions in the hospital clinical workforce threaten quality and safety of care and retention of health professionals. It is important to understand which interventions would be well received by clinicians to address the factors associated with turnover.

Objectives: To determine well-being and turnover rates of physicians and nurses in hospital practice, and to identify actionable factors associated with adverse clinician outcomes, patient safety, and clinicians' preferences for interventions.

Nurse Work Environment and Hospital-Onset Clostridioides difficile Infection.

Background: Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of hospital-onset diarrhea and is associated with increased lengths of stay and mortality. While some hospitals have successfully reduced the burden of C. difficile infection (CDI), many still struggle to reduce hospital-onset CDI.

A repeated cross-sectional study of nurses immediately before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for action.

Background: The shortage of nursing care in US hospitals has become a national concern.

Purpose: The purpose of this manuscript was to determine whether hospital nursing care shortages are primarily due to the pandemic and thus likely to subside or due to hospital nurse understaffing and poor working conditions that predated it.

Methods: This study used a repeated cross-sectional design before and during the pandemic of 151,335 registered nurses in New York and Illinois, and a subset of 40,674 staff nurses employed in 357 hospitals.

Work Environment and Operational Failures Associated With Nurse Outcomes, Patient Safety, and Patient Satisfaction.

Background: Operational failures, defined as the inability of the work system to reliably provide information, services, and supplies needed when, where, and to who, are a pervasive problem in U.S. hospitals that disrupt nurses' ability to provide safe and effective care.

Association of Registered Nurse Staffing With Mortality Risk of Medicare Beneficiaries Hospitalized With Sepsis.

Importance: Sepsis is a major physiologic response to infection that if not managed properly can lead to multiorgan failure and death. The US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) requires that hospitals collect data on core sepsis measure Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP-1) in an effort to promote the early recognition and treatment of sepsis. Despite implementation of the SEP-1 measure, sepsis-related mortality continues to challenge acute care hospitals nationwide.

Hospital nursing factors associated with decreased odds of mortality in older adult medicare surgical patients with depression.

Background: Depression is common, costly, and has deleterious effects in older adult surgical patients. Little research exists examining older adult surgical patient outcomes and depression and the potential for nursing factors to affect these outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hospital nursing resources, 30-day mortality; and the impact of depression on this relationship.

Hospital nurse staffing and sepsis protocol compliance and outcomes among patients with sepsis in the USA: a multistate cross-sectional analysis.

Objectives: Sepsis is a serious inflammatory response to infection with a high death rate. Timely and effective treatment may improve sepsis outcomes resulting in mandatory sepsis care protocol adherence reporting. How the impact of patient-to-nurse staffing compares to sepsis protocol compliance and patient outcomes is not well understood.

The impact of California's staffing mandate and the economic recession on registered nurse staffing levels: A longitudinal analysis.

Background: Despite the importance of adequate hospital nurse staffing, California is the only state with minimum nurse-to-patient ratio mandates. The health care workforce is historically "countercyclical"-exhibiting growth during economic recessions when employment in other sectors is shrinking.

Purpose: This study was to examine how staffing mandates impact hospital nurse staffing during economic recessions.

Patient outcomes and cost savings associated with hospital safe nurse staffing legislation: an observational study.

Objective: To evaluate variation in Illinois hospital nurse staffing ratios and to determine whether higher nurse workloads are associated with mortality and length of stay for patients, and cost outcomes for hospitals.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of multiple data sources including a 2020 survey of nurses linked to patient outcomes data.: 87 acute care hospitals in Illinois.

Variations in nursing baccalaureate education and 30-day inpatient surgical mortality.

Background: In 2010, the IOM recommended an increase in the proportion of bachelor's-prepared (BSN) nurses to 80% by 2020. This goal was largely based on evidence linking hospitals with higher proportions of BSN nurses to better patient outcomes. Though, evidence is lacking on whether outcomes differ by a hospital's composition of initial BSN and transitional RN-to-BSN nurses.

Association of hospital nursing and postsurgical sepsis.

Despite concerted research and clinical efforts, sepsis remains a common, costly, and often fatal occurrence. Little evidence exists for the relationship between institutional nursing resources and the incidence and outcomes of sepsis after surgery. The objective of this study was to examine whether hospital nursing resource quality is associated with postsurgical sepsis incidence and survival.

Racial Disparities in Stroke Readmissions Reduced in Hospitals With Better Nurse Staffing.

Background: Racial minorities are disproportionately affected by stroke, with Black patients experiencing worse poststroke outcomes than White patients. A modifiable aspect of acute stroke care delivery not yet examined is whether disparities in stroke outcomes are related to hospital nurse staffing levels.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether 7- and 30-day readmission disparities between Black and White patients were associated with nurse staffing levels.

Value of Nurse Practitioner Inpatient Hospital Staffing.

Background: Evidence indicates hospitals with better registered nurse (RN) staffing have better patient outcomes. Whether involving more nurse practitioners (NPs) in inpatient care produces better outcomes is largely unknown.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of more NPs produces better inpatient outcomes net of RN staffing.

Hospital nurse staffing and patient outcomes in Chile: a multilevel cross-sectional study.

Background: Unrest in Chile over inequalities has underscored the need to improve public hospitals. Nursing has been overlooked as a solution to quality and access concerns, and nurse staffing is poor by international standards. Using Chile's new diagnosis-related groups system and surveys of nurses and patients, we provide information to policy makers on feasibility, net costs, and estimated improved outcomes associated with increasing nursing resources in public hospitals.

Changes in proportion of bachelor's nurses associated with improvements in patient outcomes.

This study uses data from two cross-sections in time (2006, 2016) to determine whether changes over time in hospital employment of bachelor's of science in nursing (BSN) nurses is associated with changes in patient outcomes. Data sources include nurse survey data, American Hospital Association Annual Survey data, and patient administrative claims data from state agencies in California, Florida, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. The study sample included general surgical patients aged 18-99 years admitted to one of the 519 study hospitals.

Effects of nurse-to-patient ratio legislation on nurse staffing and patient mortality, readmissions, and length of stay: a prospective study in a panel of hospitals.

Background: Substantial evidence indicates that patient outcomes are more favourable in hospitals with better nurse staffing. One policy designed to achieve better staffing is minimum nurse-to-patient ratio mandates, but such policies have rarely been implemented or evaluated. In 2016, Queensland (Australia) implemented minimum nurse-to-patient ratios in selected hospitals.

Electronic Health Record Usability: Associations With Nurse and Patient Outcomes in Hospitals.

Background: Electronic health record (EHR) usability issues represent an emerging threat to the wellbeing of nurses and patients; however, few large studies have examined these relationships.

Objective: To examine associations between EHR usability and nurse job (burnout, job dissatisfaction, and intention to leave) and surgical patient (inpatient mortality and 30-day readmission) outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of linked American Hospital Association, state patient discharge, and nurse survey data was conducted.

Is Hospital Nurse Staffing Legislation in the Public's Interest?: An Observational Study in New York State.

Background: The Safe Staffing for Quality Care Act under consideration in the New York (NY) state assembly would require hospitals to staff enough nurses to safely care for patients. The impact of regulated minimum patient-to-nurse staffing ratios in acute care hospitals in NY is unknown.

Objectives: To examine variation in patient-to-nurse staffing in NY hospitals and its association with adverse outcomes (ie, mortality and avoidable costs).

Better nurse work environments associated with fewer readmissions and shorter length of stay among adults with ischemic stroke: A cross-sectional analysis of United States hospitals.

Stroke is among the most common reasons for disability and death. Avoiding readmissions and long lengths of stay among ischemic stroke patients has benefits for patients and health care systems alike. Although reduced readmission rates among a variety of medical patients have been associated with better nurse work environments, it is unknown how the work environment might influence readmissions and length of stay for ischemic stroke patients.

Evaluation of hospital nurse-to-patient staffing ratios and sepsis bundles on patient outcomes.

Background: Despite nurses' responsibilities in recognition and treatment of sepsis, little evidence documents whether patient-to-nurse staffing ratios are associated with clinical outcomes for patients with sepsis.

Methods: Using linked data sources from 2017 including MEDPAR patient claims, Hospital Compare, American Hospital Association, and a large survey of nurses, we estimate the effect of hospital patient-to-nurse staffing ratios and adherence to the Early Management Bundle for patients with Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock SEP-1 sepsis bundles on patients' odds of in-hospital and 60-day mortality, readmission, and length of stay. Logistic regression is used to estimate mortality and readmission, while zero-truncated negative binomial models are used for length of stay.