The Food Addiction Clinical Treatment (FACT) Manual: A Harm Reduction Treatment Approach.

While the construct of food addiction has been controversial, there is growing evidence that certain foods can activate biobehavioral and neurological mechanisms consistent with addiction to other substances. Despite increased evidence and acceptance of certain foods as addictive substances amongst the scientific community, there is a paucity of interventions available that are uniquely suited for the treatment of this condition. Further, many of the addiction and disordered eating treatment models currently utilized for food addiction are seemingly at odds, with the former often recommending complete abstinence from trigger foods and the latter promoting intake of all foods in moderation.

Association of physician burnout with perceived EHR work stress and potentially actionable factors.

Objective: Physicians of all specialties experienced unprecedented stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbating preexisting burnout. We examine burnout's association with perceived and actionable electronic health record (EHR) workload factors and personal, professional, and organizational characteristics with the goal of identifying levers that can be targeted to address burnout.

Materials And Methods: Survey of physicians of all specialties in an academic health center, using a standard measure of burnout, self-reported EHR work stress, and EHR-based work assessed by the number of messages regarding prescription reauthorization and use of a staff pool to triage messages.

Formative, multimethod case studies of learn to quit, an acceptance and commitment therapy smoking cessation app designed for people with serious mental illness.

Despite public health efforts, individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) still have very high rates of tobacco smoking. Innovative approaches to reach this population are needed. These series of case studies aimed to descriptively evaluate the usability, user experience (UX), and user engagement (UE) of Learn to Quit (LTQ), an acceptance and commitment therapy smoking cessation app designed for people with SMI, and to compare it with an app designed for the general population, NCI (National Cancer Institute) QuitGuide (QG).

A Pilot Study of Deaf Trauma Survivors' Experiences: Early Traumas Unique to Being Deaf in a Hearing World.

Conducting semi-structured American Sign Language interviews with 17 Deaf trauma survivors, this pilot study explored Deaf individuals' trauma experiences and whether these experiences generally align with trauma in the hearing population. Most commonly reported traumas were physical assault, sudden unexpected deaths, and "other" very stressful events. Although some "other" events overlap with traumas in the general population, many are unique to Deaf people (e.

Barriers and Facilitators to Deaf Trauma Survivors' Help-Seeking Behavior: Lessons for Behavioral Clinical Trials Research.

Deaf individuals experience significant obstacles to participating in behavioral health research when careful consideration is not given to accessibility during the design of study methodology. To inform such considerations, we conducted an exploratory secondary analysis of a mixed-methods study that originally explored 16 Deaf trauma survivors' help-seeking experiences. Our objective was to identify key findings and qualitative themes from consumers' own words that could be applied to the design of behavioral clinical trials methodology.

Deaf people's help-seeking following trauma: Experiences with and recommendations for the Massachusetts behavioral health care system.

Objective: Deaf trauma survivors are one of the more underserved populations in behavioral health care and experience significant obstacles to seeking help. Repeated encounters with these barriers fuel negative perceptions and avoidance of behavioral health treatment. The current study sought to explore Deaf trauma survivors' help-seeking experiences and elicit their recommendations for improving Deaf behavioral health services in Massachusetts.

Implementation of Mindfulness Training for Mental Health Staff: Organizational Context and Stakeholder Perspectives.

Occupational stress and burnout adversely impacts mental health care staff well-being and patient outcomes. Mindfulness training reduces staff stress and may improve patient care. However, few studies explore mental health setting implementation.

Evaluation of tobacco use on Chinese population through ATTOC model: a cross-sectional survey on hospitalized psychiatric patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of Addressing Tobaccos through Organizational Change (ATTOC) intervention to Chinese psychiatric patients, and to better address tobacco use through the ATTOC intervention model in the context of China.

Methods: The study was conducted in Mental Health Center of West China Hospital in 2010. A total of 100 hospitalized psychiatric patients were recruited to carry out ATTOC intervention.

Acceptance and commitment therapy smoking cessation treatment for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot study.

Objective: Veterans with PTSD smoke at rates two to three times higher than the general population, while their quit rate is less than half that of the general population. The present study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Tobacco Addiction (ACT-PT), which focuses on helping veterans overcome emotional challenges to quitting smoking.

Methods: Veterans with current PTSD who smoked 15 or more cigarettes/day (N = 19) participated in an open trial of ACT-PT.

Posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder comorbidity among individuals with physical disabilities: findings from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication.

Co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) affects multiple domains of functioning and presents complex challenges to recovery. Using data from the National Comorbidity Study Replication, a national epidemiological study of mental disorders (weighted N = 4,883), the current study sought to determine the prevalence of PTSD and SUD, the symptom presentation of these disorders, and help-seeking behaviors in relation to PTSD and SUD among individuals with physical disabilities (weighted n = 491; nondisabled weighted n = 4,392). Results indicated that individuals with physical disabilities exhibited higher rates of PTSD, SUD, and comorbid PTSD/SUD than nondisabled individuals.

Smoking among individuals with schizophrenia in Korea: gender differences.

Objective: This study examined gender differences in smoking and quitting among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in Korea. In addition, the study investigated differences in caffeine use by gender and smoking status.

Method: An anonymous self-report survey was conducted with psychiatric inpatients.

Smoking topography in Korean American and white men: preliminary findings.

Unlabelled: This is the first study of Korean Americans' smoking behavior using a topography device. Korean American men smoke at higher rates than the general U.S.

Strategies for improving perinatal depression treatment in North American outpatient obstetric settings.

Objective: To identify core barriers and facilitators to addressing perinatal depression and review clinical, programmatic, and system level interventions that may optimize perinatal depression treatment.

Method: Eighty-four MEDLINE/PubMed searches were conducted using the terms perinatal depression, postpartum depression, antenatal depression, and prenatal depression in association with 21 other terms. Of 7768 papers yielded in the search, we identified 49 papers on barriers and facilitators, and 17 papers on interventions in obstetric settings aimed to engage women and/or providers in treatment.

Gender Differences in the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence in Korean Americans.

INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to compare gender differences in the psychometric properties of the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). METHODS: The sample comprised 334 Korean immigrants (97 women and 237 men) who reported daily smoking for the past six months. Item-by-item responses and exploratory factor analyses (EFA) were compared by gender.

New systems of care for substance use disorders: treatment, finance, and technology under health care reform.

This article outlined ways in which persons with addiction are currently underserved by our current health care system. However, with the coming broad scale reforms to our health care system, the access to and availability of high-quality care for substance use disorders will increase. Addiction treatments will continue to be offered through traditional substance abuse care systems, but these will be more integrated with primary care, and less separated as treatment facilities leverage opportunities to blend services, financing mechanisms, and health information systems under federally driven incentive programs.

Intentions to quit smoking: causal attribution, perceived illness severity, and event-related fear during an acute health event.

Background: Experiencing a serious consequence related to one's health behavior may motivate behavior change.

Purpose: This study sought to examine how causal attribution, perceived illness severity, and fear secondary to an acute health event relate to intentions to quit smoking.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional survey design, adult emergency department patients who smoked provided demographic data and ratings of nicotine dependence, causal attribution, perceived illness severity, event-related fear, and intentions to quit smoking.

Introducing qigong meditation into residential addiction treatment: a pilot study where gender makes a difference.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility and efficacy of adding integrative qigong meditation to residential treatment for substance abuse.

Methods: Qigong meditation, which blends relaxation, breathing, guided imagery, inward attention, and mindfulness to elicit a tranquil state, was introduced into a short-term residential treatment program. At first clients chose to participate in qigong meditation on a voluntary basis during their evening break.

Comparison of two intensities of tobacco dependence counseling in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.

Compared to the general population, smokers with schizophrenia (SCZ) have reduced success in quitting smoking with usual approaches. This study tested two manualized behavioral counseling approaches-Treatment of Addiction to Nicotine in Schizophrenia (TANS) or Medication Management (MM)-for smokers who were motivated to quit. Individual counseling sessions were provided by mental health clinicians in mental health settings, along with nicotine patch.

Predictors of outcome for short-term medically supervised opioid withdrawal during a randomized, multicenter trial of buprenorphine-naloxone and clonidine in the NIDA clinical trials network drug and alcohol dependence.

Few studies in community settings have evaluated predictors, mediators, and moderators of treatment success for medically supervised opioid withdrawal treatment. This report presents new findings about these factors from a study of 344 opioid-dependent men and women prospectively randomized to either buprenorphine-naloxone or clonidine in an open-label 13-day medically supervised withdrawal study. Subjects were either inpatient or outpatient in community treatment settings; however not randomized by treatment setting.

Addressing tobacco use through organizational change: a case study of an addiction treatment organization.

Compared to the general population, persons entering addiction treatment are three to four times more likely to be tobacco dependent and even addiction treatment staff members are two to three times more likely to be tobacco dependent. In these settings, tobacco use continues to be the norm; however addiction treatment programs are increasingly aware of the need to assess for and treat tobacco dependence. The problem is a cultural issue that is so ingrained that assumptions about tobacco use and dependence in addiction treatment are rarely questioned.

Using information technology to evaluate the detection of co-occurring substance use disorders amongst patients in a state mental health system: implications for co-occurring disorder state initiatives.

The current study describes a system-wide method of evaluating detection strategies for co-occurring disorders within a state mental health system. Information technology was used to merge administrative datasets from the New Jersey mental health and substance abuse systems and identify individuals treated in both systems. We measured a 53% detection rate of substance use disorders amongst adult patients in the mental health system with particularly low detection rates in acute settings (49.

Higher nicotine and carbon monoxide levels in menthol cigarette smokers with and without schizophrenia.

This study examined whether smoking menthol cigarettes was associated with increased biochemical measures of smoke intake. Expired carbon monoxide (CO) and serum nicotine and cotinine were measured in 89 smokers with schizophrenia and 53 control smokers immediately after smoking an afternoon cigarette. Serum nicotine levels (27 vs.

Changes in smoking associated with an acute health event: theoretical and practical implications.

Background: Experiencing a serious adverse behavior-related consequence may motivate behavior change.

Purpose: To examine how a sentinel health event is associated with changes in smoking.

Methods: We used a prospective cohort design.