Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries.

Science is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in scientists can help decision makers act on the basis of the best available evidence, especially during crises. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists.

Perceptions of science, science communication, and climate change attitudes in 68 countries - the TISP dataset.

Science is integral to society because it can inform individual, government, corporate, and civil society decision-making on issues such as public health, new technologies or climate change. Yet, public distrust and populist sentiment challenge the relationship between science and society. To help researchers analyse the science-society nexus across different geographical and cultural contexts, we undertook a cross-sectional population survey resulting in a dataset of 71,922 participants in 68 countries.

Service Providers' Attitudes Toward Mandatory Reporting of Intimate Partner Violence: The Impact of Professional Experience.

Mandatory reporting (MR) among service providers (SP) working with intimate partner violence (IPV) is controversial, and the research is scarce. The potential association of SPs experience with IPV and MR-IPV and their attitudes is the aim of the current study. A total of 374 SPs working with victims and perpetrators (help-seekers) of IPV participated in this study.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Reaction of CH with Formaldehyde (CHO) at Very Low Temperatures and Application to Astrochemical Models.

Rate coefficients for the reaction of CH with CHO were measured for the first time over the temperature range of 37-603 K, with the CH radicals produced by pulsed laser photolysis and detected by CH radical chemiluminescence following their reaction with O. The low temperature measurements (≤93 K) relevant to the interstellar medium were made within a Laval nozzle gas expansion, while higher temperature measurements (≥308 K) were made within a temperature controlled reaction cell. The rate coefficients display a negative temperature dependence below 300 K, reaching (1.

Making Curriculum Development Fun for Nurse Educator Graduate Students Through the Use of Play Pedagogy.

Curriculum development is an important topic for nurse educator students to understand. The process of curriculum development requires knowledge of state laws, accrediting bodies, and various curriculum models. Students learn about curriculum development through assignments such as a scaffolded group project where they create a hypothetical undergraduate nursing program.

High speed, high risk: the rise of e-scooter injuries in adolescents.

The popularity of eco-friendly electric scooters has led to a rise in significant injuries, especially in adolescents. Teens riding e-scooters are more prone to severe traffic accidents and head injuries compared to those using traditional scooters. Risk-taking behaviors, susceptibility to peer influence, limited road safety experience and a lack of protective headgear exacerbate the risks.

A landscape analysis and one health approach to an invasive species pathway: Pet and aquaria trade in the eastern Caribbean.

Background: The pet and aquaria trade is a pathway for the introduction of invasive alien species (IAS) into sensitive Caribbean ecosystems. This study aims to assess the impact of this trade on IAS management in the Caribbean.

Methods: A multipronged approach was used, involving stakeholder engagement, trade flow analysis, questionnaires, a regional IAS workshop, and a One Health Invasive Alien Species Prioritization (OHIASP) method, to examine the pet and aquaria trade in Barbados and the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS).

Does Lower Psychological Need Satisfaction Foster Conspiracy Belief? Longitudinal Effects Over 3 Years in New Zealand.

Although conspiracy belief may arise from a frustration of psychological needs, research has yet to investigate these relationships over time. Using four annual waves of longitudinal panel data in New Zealand (2019-2022; = 55,269), we examined the relationship between four psychological needs (namely belonging, control, meaning in life, and self-esteem) and conspiracy belief. Results from four random-intercept cross-lagged panel models reveal stable between-person effects indicating that those whose core needs are less satisfied tend to exhibit higher levels of conspiracy belief across time.

TNF signaling mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung epithelial progenitor cell responses in mouse lung organoids.

Bacterial respiratory infections are a major global health concern, often leading to lung injury and triggering lung repair mechanisms. Endogenous epithelial progenitor cells are crucial in this repair, yet the mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates the response of lung epithelial progenitor cells to injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of gram-negative bacteria, focusing on their regulation during lung repair.

Building a Consortium to Address Graduate Nursing Student Academic Preparedness.

Background: The demand for nurses in advanced practice roles is expected to grow by 38% by 2032. The nationwide faculty shortage is also a concern, as it correlates to the nursing shortage. Successful retention strategies for graduate nursing students can strengthen the rising demand of specialized nursing roles.

The Impact of Climate on Human Dengue Infections in the Caribbean.

Climate change is no longer a hypothetical problem in the Caribbean but a new reality to which regional public health systems must adapt. One of its significant impacts is the increased transmission of infectious diseases, such as dengue fever, which is endemic in the region, and the presence of the mosquito vector responsible for transmitting the disease. (1) Methods: To assess the association between climatic factors and human dengue virus infections in the Caribbean, we conducted a systematic review of published studies on MEDLINE and Web of Science databases according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria.

Conspiracy Beliefs and the Perception of Intergroup Inequalities.

Conspiracy beliefs are prevalent among members of disadvantaged groups. Adopting a social identity perspective, we hypothesized that these beliefs would reduce the endorsement of internal attributions for inequalities that could negatively affect the image of disadvantaged ingroups. In Study 1 ( = 1,104), conspiracy mentality was negatively associated with meritocracy beliefs, which attribute success and failure to internal factors.

The silent invaders: Oropouche and Melao viruses, causes of increased public health risks for the Americas.

The Oropouche virus (OROV) is emerging as a major public health threat worldwide, yet for the Americas, it raises complex challenges that intersect with other existing arboviral threats such as Zika (ZIKV), dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. Originating from Trinidad and Tobago in 1955, it has spread across the Amazonian Basin and more recently into the Caribbean (Cuba and Haiti) and Europe, highlighting the importance of air travel in its dissemination. OROV and the less studied Melao virus (MELV), pose significant laboratory diagnostic challenges particularly in regions co-endemic with other arboviral diseases, such as dengue and Zika fever.

The 2024 British Society for Rheumatology guideline for management of systemic sclerosis.

This guideline was developed according to the British Society for Rheumatology Guidelines Protocol by a Guideline Development Group comprising healthcare professionals with expertise in SSc and people with lived experience, as well as patient organization representatives. It is an update of the previous 2015 SSc guideline. The recommendations were developed and agreed by the group and are underpinned by published evidence, assessed by systematic literature review and reinforced by collective expert opinion of the group.

The 2024 British Society for Rheumatology guideline for management of systemic sclerosis-executive summary.

This guideline was developed according to the British Society for Rheumatology Guidelines Protocol by a Guideline Development Group comprising healthcare professionals with expertise in SSc and people with lived experience, as well as patient organization representatives. It is an update of the previous 2015 SSc guideline. The recommendations were developed and agreed by the group and are underpinned by published evidence, assessed by systematic literature review and reinforced by collective expert opinion of the group.

A Neural Basis for Mutant ATAXIN-1 Induced Respiratory Dysfunction in Mouse Models of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded trinucleotide repeat in the gene, is characterized by motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and death from compromised swallowing and respiration. To delineate specific cell types that contribute to respiratory dysfunction, we utilized the floxed conditional knock-in mouse. Whole body plethysmography during spontaneous respiration and respiratory challenge showed that mice exhibit a spontaneous respiratory phenotype characterized by elevated respiratory frequency, volumes, and respiratory output.

Comprehensiveness of State Insurance Laws and Perceived Access to Pediatric Mental Health Care.

Importance: Many US children and adolescents with mental and behavioral health (MBH) conditions do not access MBH services. One contributing factor is limited insurance coverage, which is influenced by state MBH insurance parity legislation.

Objective: To investigate the association of patient-level factors and the comprehensiveness of state MBH insurance legislation with perceived poor access to MBH care and perceived inadequate MBH insurance coverage for US children and adolescents.

Risk of behavioural and developmental difficulties in early childhood in the Australian Capital Territory.

Aim: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of risk for developmental and behavioural problems for children in their first year of full-time primary education in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT).

Methods: We conducted an analysis of the 2014-2017 Kindergarten Health Check (KHC), an annual series of complete enumeration surveys of all children in their first year of full-time primary education in the ACT. Risk for developmental and behavioural problems was determined using the Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) questionnaire.

Shear-wave elastographic imaging in choroidal melanomas: clinical and hemodynamic correlations.

Purpose: This study evaluated the role of shear wave elastography imaging (SWEΙ) in uveal melanomas and the associations between SWEI and clinical and hemodynamic findings.

Study Design: Prospective, clinical study METHODS: Twelve patients with uveal melanomas, scheduled to undergo Ru-106 brachytherapy, were prospectively recruited from the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital of Heraklion (September-December 2022). B-mode, hemodynamic and SWEI ultrasonography examinations were performed with the HiScan (OPTIKON 2000) and the LOGIQ E9 (GE Healthcare) sonographic systems, respectively.

Cognitive predictors of response to interpersonal and social rhythm therapy in mood disorders.

Background: There has been increasing interest in examining the potential moderating effects that cognitive functioning has on treatment outcome in bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Therefore, the aim of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between baseline cognitive function and treatment outcome in individuals with mood disorders who completed 12 months of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT), and were randomised to receive adjunctive cognitive remediation (CR) or no additional intervention.

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with mood disorders (BD, n = 36, MDD, n = 22), who were randomised to IPSRT-CR or IPSRT, underwent cognitive testing at baseline and completed follow-up mood measures after 12 months.

Improving Interpreter Access in the Pediatric Emergency Department: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Background: An increasing proportion of the population in the United States have limited English proficiency (LEP). Hospitals that receive federal funding must offer interpreter services. However, access is often lacking for patients.