Outcome prediction from post-injury resilience in patients with TBI.

Purpose/objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the extent to which 1- and 2-year outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are predicted by resilience. Research Method/Design: This was an observational, longitudinal study of persons ( = 158) with moderate or severe TBI who completed both 1- and 2-year outcome assessments. Outcomes included anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale), substance misuse, and return-to-work measures.

Predictive utility of an adapted Marshall head CT classification scheme after traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To study the predictive relationship among persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) between an objective indicator of injury severity (the adapted Marshall computed tomography [CT] classification scheme) and clinical indicators of injury severity in the acute phase, functional outcomes at inpatient rehabilitation discharge, and functional and participation outcomes at 1 year after injury, including death.

Participants: The sample involved 4895 individuals who received inpatient rehabilitation following acute hospitalization for TBI and were enrolled in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database between 1989 and 2014.

Design: Head CT variables for each person were fit into adapted Marshall CT classification categories I through IV.

Accuracy of ultrasound-guided versus palpation-based carpometacarpal joint injections: A randomized pilot study in cadavers.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of ultrasound guidance compared to palpation in performing carpometacarpal joint injections in cadavers.

Design: In all, 36 carpometacarpal joints were randomized to either ultrasound-guided or palpation-based injections, with 1 cc of blue latex solution injected into each joint. The specimens were then dissected and the distribution of the latex was assessed by two independent, blinded raters.

Race/Ethnicity and Retention in Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes Research: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database Study.

Objective: To investigate the contribution of race/ethnicity to retention in traumatic brain injury (TBI) research at 1 to 2 years postinjury.

Setting: Community.

Participants: With dates of injury between October 1, 2002, and March 31, 2013, 5548 whites, 1347 blacks, and 790 Hispanics enrolled in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database.

Longitudinal Examination of Resilience After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.

Objectives: To evaluate (1) the trajectory of resilience during the first year after a moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI); (2) factors associated with resilience at 3, 6, and 12 months postinjury; and (3) changing relationships over time between resilience and other factors.

Design: Longitudinal analysis of an observational cohort.

Setting: Five inpatient rehabilitation centers.

Incidence and risk factors of posttraumatic seizures following traumatic brain injury: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.

Objective: Determine incidence of posttraumatic seizure (PTS) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) among individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI requiring rehabilitation and surviving at least 5 years.

Methods: Using the prospective TBI Model Systems National Database, we calculated PTS incidence during acute hospitalization, and at years 1, 2, and 5 postinjury in a continuously followed cohort enrolled from 1989 to 2000 (n = 795). Incidence rates were stratified by risk factors, and adjusted relative risk (RR) was calculated.

Resilience Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.

Objective: To examine resilience at 3 months after traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of an ongoing observational cohort.

Setting: Five inpatient rehabilitation centers, with 3-month follow-up conducted primarily by telephone.

Neuropsychological care and rehabilitation of cancer patients with chemobrain: strategies for evaluation and intervention development.

Malignant tumors and their various treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy can deleteriously affect a large number of cancer patients and survivors on multiple dimensions of psychosocial and neurocognitive functioning. Oncology researchers and clinicians are increasingly cognizant of the negative effects of cancer and its treatments on the brain and its mental processes and cognitive outcomes. Nevertheless, effective interventions to treat cancer and treatment-related neurocognitive dysfunction (CRND), also known as chemobrain, are still lacking.

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation efficacy in acute stroke feeding tube-dependent dysphagia during inpatient rehabilitation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in addition to traditional dysphagia therapy (TDT) including progressive resistance training (PRT) with that of TDT/PRT alone during inpatient rehabilitation for treatment of feeding tube-dependent dysphagia in patients who have had an acute stroke.

Design: This study is an inpatient rehabilitation case-control study involving 92 patients who have had an acute stroke with initial Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) scores of 3 or lower and profound to severe feeding tube-dependent dysphagia. Sixty-five patients, the NMES group, received NMES with TDT/PRT, and 27 patients, the case-control group, received only TDT/PRT.

Actual versus self-reported scholastic achievement of litigating postconcussion and severe closed head injury claimants.

Psychologists typically rely on patients' self-report of premorbid status in litigated settings. The authors examined the fidelity between self-reported and actual scholastic performance in litigating head injury claimants. The data indicated late postconcussion syndrome (LPCS) and severe closed head injury litigants retrospectively inflated scholastic performance to a greater degree than nonlitigating control groups.