F-DCFPyL PET/CT in advanced high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer: A prospective pilot study.

Objectives: Glutamate carboxypeptidase-II (GCP-II), a zinc metalloenzyme that resides in cell membrane, has been reported as overexpressed in the neovasculature of ovarian cancers. The study objective was to determine whether GCP-II targeted imaging with F-DCFPyL PET/CT can detect disease sites in women with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).

Materials And Methods: Twenty treatment-naïve women with advanced HGSOC were recruited (median age 60 years).

F-DCFPyL (PSMA) PET in the Management of Men with Biochemical Failure after Primary Therapy: Initial Clinical Experience of an Academic Cancer Center.

Purpose: To describe the initial experience of an academic center using F-DCFPyL PET in managing men with recurrent prostate cancer.

Materials & Methods: This prospective, single-arm IRB-approved study included men with biochemical failure after primary therapy for prostate cancer and negative/equivocal CT and bone scintigraphy who were candidates for salvage therapy, as determined by a multidisciplinary panel of experts. F-DCFPyL PET was assessed for the presence and extent of recurrence: local, oligometastatic (≤4), or extensive.

Convolutional Neural Networks in Predicting Nodal and Distant Metastatic Potential of Newly Diagnosed Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer on FDG PET Images.

The purpose of this study was to assess, by analyzing features of the primary tumor with F-FDG PET, the utility of deep machine learning with a convolutional neural network (CNN) in predicting the potential of newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to metastasize to lymph nodes or distant sites. Consecutively registered patients with newly diagnosed, untreated NSCLC were retrospectively included in a single-center study. PET images were segmented with local image features extraction software, and data were used for CNN training and validation after data augmentation strategies were used.

[F]DCFPyL PET-MRI/CT for unveiling a molecularly defined oligorecurrent prostate cancer state amenable for curative-intent ablative therapy: study protocol for a phase II trial.

Introduction: The oligometastatic (OM) disease hypothesis of an intermediate metastatic state with limited distant disease deposits amenable for curative therapies remains debatable. Over a third of prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with radical prostatectomy and postoperative radiotherapy experience disease recurrence; these patients are considered incurable by current standards. Often the recurrence cannot be localised by conventional imaging (CT and bone scan).

Publisher Correction to: F-FDG PET/CT metabolic tumor parameters and radiomics features in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as predictors of treatment outcome and survival.

In the original publication of the article, the title was incorrectly.

F-FDG PET/CT metabolic tumor parameters and radiomics features in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as predictors of treatment outcome and survival.

Purpose: To determine whether metabolic tumor parameters and radiomic features extracted from F-FDG PET/CT (PET) can predict response to therapy and outcome in patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma.

Methods: This institutional ethics board-approved retrospective study included 82 patients undergoing PET for aggressive B-cell lymphoma staging. Whole-body metabolic tumor volume (MTV) using various thresholds and tumor radiomic features were assessed on representative tumor sites.

F-FDG PET/CT in the management of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma being considered for multimodality therapy: experience of a tertiary referral center.

Objective: To compare the N- and M-staging accuracy of PET vs CT, as per the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) eighth edition in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) being considered for multimodality therapy in a tertiary referral center. A secondary aim was to assess survival outcome of patients chosen for surgical management after PET.

Methods: A retrospective, single institution comparison of PET and CT was performed in patients with histologically proven MPM being considered for multimodality therapy.

Effect of chemotherapy on the impact of FDG-PET/CT in selection of patients for surgical resection of colorectal liver metastases: single center analysis of PET-CAM randomized trial.

Unlabelled: The largest randomized controlled trial (RCT) on the effect of FDG-PET on surgical management for metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma to liver ("PET-CAM") reported only a modest change in surgical management (8%).

Purpose: To explore the relationship between prior chemotherapy and detection of metastatic disease on PET in patients from PET-CAM. Secondary aim: to determine whether centralized imaging interpretation could have impacted trial results.

Novel 5-HTTLPR allele associates with higher serotonin transporter binding in putamen: a [(11)C] DASB positron emission tomography study.

Background: The serotonin transporter (5-HTT)-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) has two frequent alleles, designated long (L), and short (S). The S allele is associated with lower levels of 5-HTT mRNA and lower 5-HTT expression in human cell lines. A functional single nucleotide variant was detected within L, designated L(A) and L(G).

An automated method for the extraction of regional data from PET images.

Manual drawing of regions of interest (ROIs) on brain positron emission tomography (PET) images is labour intensive and subject to intra- and inter-individual variations. To standardize analysis and improve the reproducibility of PET measures, we have developed image analysis software for automated quantification of PET data. The method is based on the individualization of a set of standard ROIs using a magnetic resonance (MR) image co-registered with the PET image.

Effects of tryptophan depletion on the serotonin transporter in healthy humans.

Background: Lowering of brain serotonin by acute tryptophan depletion (TD) frequently leads to transient symptoms of depression in vulnerable individuals but not in euthymic healthy subjects with a negative family history of depression. The effects of TD on regional serotonin transporter binding potential (5-HTT BP), an index of 5-HTT density and affinity, were studied in healthy individuals using 3-(11)C-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethylphenylsulfanyl)benzonitrile ([11C]DASB) positron emission tomography (PET). Adaptive decreases in 5-HTT density and/or affinity during TD would be a possible compensatory mechanism to maintain sufficient extracellular serotonin levels during TD, thereby preventing a depressive relapse.

Tryptophan depletion and serotonin loss in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-treated depression: an [(18)F] MPPF positron emission tomography study.

Background: Recurrence of depressive symptoms after tryptophan depletion (TD) in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)-treated depression is an important, unexplained phenomenon. With [(18)F] MPPF positron emission tomography (PET), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) 1A receptor binding potential (5-HT(1A)BP) was measured after TD in various brain regions in citalopram-treated depression. This 5-HT(1A)BP measurement is sensitive to changes in extracellular 5-HT in animal models.

Imaging cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase-4 in human brain with R-[11C]rolipram and positron emission tomography.

Evidence of disruptions in cAMP-mediated signaling in several neuropsychiatric disorders has led to the development of R-[(11)C]rolipram for imaging phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) enzymes with positron emission tomography (PET). The high-affinity PDE4 inhibitor rolipram was previously reported to have an antidepressant effect in humans. PDE4 is abundant in the brain, and it hydrolyzes cAMP produced following stimulation of various neurotransmitter systems.

Brain serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor binding in schizophrenia measured by positron emission tomography and [11C]WAY-100635.

Background: Results of postmortem studies show an elevation in serotonin-1A (5-hydroxytryptamine-1A [5-HT(1A)]) receptor density in the prefrontal and temporal cortices of patients with schizophrenia. This study examined 5-HT(1A) receptors in vivo in patients with schizophrenia using positron emission tomography and [carbonyl-(11)C]-N-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-N-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohexane carboxamide ([(11)C]WAY-100635).

Methods: The 5-HT(1A) binding potential of 14 antipsychotic drug-naïve patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia was compared with that of 14 age-matched healthy controls.