The Current State of Adjuvant Therapy Following Surgery for High-risk Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Cancer recurs in up to 40% of patients following surgery for high-risk, locoregional renal cell carcinoma (RCC). To date, little progress has been made in identifying systemic adjuvant treatment options to reduce the mortality risk after surgery for high-risk RCC. Several randomized trials exploring the efficacy of adjuvant targeted therapies in the postoperative setting have recently reported results.

Use of High-Dose Phenylephrine in the Treatment of Ischemic Priapism: Five-Year Experience at a Single Institution.

Introduction: Ischemic priapism is an uncommon urologic emergency characterized by a compartment syndrome-like ischemic insult to the corpora cavernosa of the penis. The goal of treatment in ischemic priapism is rapid detumescence to prevent long-term erectile dysfunction. Non-surgical treatment options include aspiration, irrigation, and intracavernous injections of sympathomimetic agents.

Caprini venous thromboembolism risk assessment permits selection for postdischarge prophylactic anticoagulation in patients with resectable lung cancer.

Objective: Postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) creates an 8-fold increase in mortality after lung resection. About one third of postoperative VTEs occur after discharge. The Caprini risk assessment model has been used by other specialties to calculate the risk of a VTE.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase mediates the first and inducible nitric oxide synthase mediates the second window of desflurane-induced preconditioning.

Objectives: Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) mediate the first window of anesthetic-induced preconditioning (APC). The authors tested the hypothesis that endothelial NOS (eNOS) mediates the first window and inducible NOS (iNOS) mediates the second window of APC.

Design: Randomized, prospective, blinded laboratory investigation.