Publications by authors named "Douglas Field"
Background: There is an unmet need for safe and effective medicines to treat children with Crohn's disease. Recently, investigations have shown an association between endogenous opioid peptides and inflammatory cells.
Aims: The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety and tolerability of an opioid antagonist, naltrexone, in children with moderate to severe Crohn's disease.
Food refusal is a severe feeding problem in which children refuse to eat all or most foods presented and exhibit problems with growth. This review discusses the definition, etiology, and interventions pertaining to food refusal. The interventions utilized for food refusal typically consist of several treatment components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThree pigeons chose between random-interval (RI) and tandem, continuous-reinforcement, fixed-interval (crf-FI) reinforcement schedules by pecking either of two keys. As long as a pigeon pecked on the RI key, both keys remained available. If a pigeon pecked on the crf-FI key, then the RI key became unavailable and the crf-FI timer began to time out.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study explored how pigeons choose between fixed-interval and random-interval schedules of reinforcement using a discrete-trial method across three experiments.
- Despite the random-interval schedule often having longer wait times, pigeons showed less preference for the fixed schedule as the probability of reinforcement in the random schedule increased.
- The findings suggest that pigeons may prefer variability in reinforcement, aligning with theories in both animal foraging behavior and human decision-making.