Evidence that extracellular HSPB1 contributes to inflammation in alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Background And Aims: Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is the most life-threatening form of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). AH is characterized by severe inflammation attributed to increased levels of ethanol, microbes or microbial components, and damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules in the liver. HSPB1 (Heat Shock Protein Family B (Small) Member 1; also known as Hsp25/27) is a DAMP that is rapidly increased in and released from cells experiencing stress, including hepatocytes.

Stricturing Crohn's Disease Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Fibroblast Heterogeneity and Intercellular Interactions.

Background & Aims: Fibroblasts play a key role in stricture formation in Crohn's disease (CD) but understanding its pathogenesis requires a systems-level investigation to uncover new treatment targets. We studied full-thickness CD tissues to characterize fibroblast heterogeneity and function by generating the first single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) atlas of strictured bowel and providing proof of principle for therapeutic target validation.

Methods: We performed scRNAseq of 13 fresh full-thickness CD resections containing noninvolved, inflamed nonstrictured, and strictured segments as well as 7 normal non-CD bowel segments.

Stricturing Crohn's disease single-cell RNA sequencing reveals fibroblast heterogeneity and intercellular interactions.

Background: Fibroblasts play a key role in stricture formation in Crohn's disease (CD) but understanding it's pathogenesis requires a systems-level investigation to uncover new treatment targets. We studied full thickness CD tissues to characterize fibroblast heterogeneity and function by generating the first single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) atlas of strictured bowel and providing proof of principle for therapeutic target validation.

Methods: We performed scRNAseq of 13 fresh full thickness CD resections containing non-involved, inflamed non-strictured, and strictured segments as well as 7 normal non-CD bowel segments.

The incidence of melanoma is increasing in the susceptible young Australian population.

The number of melanomas removed from Australians is increasing. Despite this, it has been reported that the incidence of melanoma is decreasing in the young Australian population. However, the denominator for these estimates includes individuals at low risk of melanoma, and the proportion of such individuals has changed over recent decades due to immigration.