At the crossroads: can desalination be a suitable public policy solution to address water scarcity in Chile's mining zones?

Water scarcity is a global issue that is threatening social and economic development. One approach to alleviating scarcity is the incorporation of new water sources into supply systems, including desalinated seawater for industrial and municipal use. In Chile, large volumes of water are used in water-scarce regions where mining takes place, alongside agriculture and small communities.

Stormwater quality performance of a macro-pervious pavement car park installation equipped with channel drain based oil and silt retention devices.

This paper reports the results of a two year field monitoring exercise intended to investigate the pollution abatement capabilities of a novel system which offers an alternative to the, now well established, pervious pavement system as a source control device for stormwater management. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a live installation of a macro-pervious pavement system (MPPS) (operated as a visitors' car park at a prison in Central Scotland) in retaining and treating a range of pollutants which originate from automobile use or become concentrated on the parking surface from the wider environment. The MPPS is a sub-class of pervious pavement system where the vast majority of the surface is impermeable.

Metastatic breast carcinoma presenting as a sigmoid stricture: report of a case and review of the literature.

Metastatic spread of breast carcinoma to the colon and rectum is rare. We report the case of a patient treated for lobular breast carcinoma presenting 17 years later with metastatic breast cancer of the colon. A 63-year-old lady with a past history of right-sided invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast presented with persistent diarrhoea.

Endoluminal insertion of colonic stents.

For patients with obstructing colonic tumours endoluminal stents provide an alternative to surgical decompression. Used either as permanent palliation, or as a bridge to surgery, colonic stents have been shown to be effective, safe, and cost effective.

Growth factor profiles in intraperitoneal drainage fluid following colorectal surgery: relationship to wound healing and surgery.

Cytokines and growth factors are important at each stage of wound healing. This study aims to determine the changing profiles of these factors in intraperitoneal drainage, acute wound fluid, following colorectal surgery, and to correlate levels to wound healing and surgical outcomes. Acute wound fluid samples (n = 52 patients) were collected daily from postoperative day 1 until drain removal.

Subtraction helical CT angiography of intra- and extracranial vessels: technical considerations and preliminary experience.

Background And Purpose: Reported CT angiographic (CTA) subtraction methods are not simple, robust, or real time. We investigated a novel technique for semiautomated digital subtraction CTA of the intracranial and extracranial arteries.

Methods: Thirty patients underwent precontrast (low milliampere-seconds) and postcontrast (pitch, 1.