Pre-Service Predictors of New-Onset Alcohol Misuse in Male United States Marines.

Introduction: U.S. military personnel have a high prevalence of alcohol misuse, which can adversely affect force readiness.

Thyroid Cancer-Related Fear & Anxiety in Patients With Benign Thyroid Nodules: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Introduction: Thyroid cancer diagnosis often evokes strong negative emotions in patients, yet little is understood about such responses in those with benign thyroid nodules. This study explored the impact of a hypothetical cancer diagnosis, the provision of treatment information, and emotional support from surgeons on patients with benign nodules.

Methods: Patients within 30 d of a thyroid nodule biopsy were asked to imagine their nodule was cancerous and write down their feelings about this diagnosis.

Improving Diabetes Equity and Advancing Care (IDEA) to optimize team-based care at a safety-net health system for Black and Latine patients living with diabetes: study protocol for a sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial.

Background: Diabetes is the eighth leading cause of death in the USA. Inequities driven by structural racism and systemic oppression have led to racial/ethnic disparities in diabetes prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment. Diabetes-self management training (DSMT), remote glucose monitoring (RGM), and tailored support from a community health worker (CHW) have the potential to improve outcomes.

Impact of a multi-disciplinary team-based care model for patients living with diabetes on health outcomes: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Individuals facing socioeconomic hardship experience higher than average rates of chronic disease, such as diabetes, with less access to evidence-based treatment. One solution to address these inequities is a team-based care (TBC) model, defined as one in which at least two providers work collaboratively with a patient and their caregiver(s) to make healthcare decisions. This paper seeks to describe the implementation of a TBC model within a safety-net healthcare setting and determine the extent to which it can be an effective, patient-centered approach to treating individuals with diabetes.

Sex Differences in Screening Positive for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Combat Injury.

Introduction: U.S. military women were at risk of combat exposure and injury from asymmetric warfare during the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Development of adenoviral vectors that transduce Purkinje cells and other cerebellar cell-types in the cerebellum of a humanized mouse model.

Viral vector gene therapy has immense promise for treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Although adeno-associated virus vectors (AAVs) have had success, their small packaging capacity limits their utility to treat the root cause of many CNS disorders. Adenoviral vectors (Ad) have tremendous potential for CNS gene therapy approaches.

Sex Differences in Postinjury Health Profiles Among U.S. Military Personnel Following Deployment-Related Concussion.

Women in the U.S. military are now authorized to serve in direct combat occupations.

Metastatic osseous disease of unknown primary origin: a case report and review of literature.

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a heterogeneous group of metastatic tumors in the absence of a clinically identifiable site. We describe the case of a 66-year-old female with an extensive history of non-specific imaging concerning for malignancy who did not undergo further workup and in whom a diagnosis of CUP was made. The patient initially presented to her specialist with concern of right leg pain.

HHV-6 Infection in a 19-Year-Old Liver Transplant Recipient - Much More Than Roseola!

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infections, most commonly occurring during childhood, are frequently mild and self-limited. However, immunosuppression due to transplantation may cause reactivation of HHV-6 with manifestations ranging from fever and skin exanthem to pneumonitis, hepatitis, encephalitis, and myelitis. Because these infections may be devastating for liver transplant recipients leading to transplant organ fibrosis and failure, it is imperative that internists recognize the manifestations, establish early diagnosis, institute appropriate therapy, and make timely referrals to transplant specialists.

Self-Reported Hearing Aid Requirements among U.S. Military Personnel and the Association with Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Background:  Auditory problems are ubiquitous among U.S. military personnel.

Impact of COVID-19 Campus Closure on Undergraduates.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an abrupt transition from in-person to online learning in Spring 2020.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of the transition on undergraduates during the period following the campus closure.

Method: 131 psychology undergraduate students completed an online survey of how the COVID-19 closure had impacted their academics, online learning environment, and traumatic stress symptoms (using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for the DSM-5).

Pre-Existing Audiometric Hearing Loss is a Predictor of Significant Threshold Shift Following Injury During Combat Deployment.

Objectives: Military personnel are exposed to multiple risk factors for hearing loss, particularly on the battlefield. The objective of this study was to determine whether pre-existing hearing loss predicted hearing threshold shift in male U.S.

Deployment-related concussion and long-term health-related quality of life among US military personnel.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between deployment-related concussion and long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among injured US military personnel.

Methods: The study sample included 810 service members with deployment-related injuries between 2008 and 2012 who responded to a web-based longitudinal health survey. Participants were categorized into three injury groups: concussion with loss of consciousness (LOC; n = 247), concussion without LOC (n = 317), or no concussion (n = 246).

Therapeutic considerations for prevention and treatment of thrombotic events in COVID-19.

Thrombosis is a known complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly within a severely symptomatic subset of patients with COVID-19 disease, in whom an aggressive host immune response leads to cytokine storm syndrome (CSS). The incidence of thrombotic events coinciding with CSS may contribute to the severe morbidity and mortality observed in association with COVID-19. This review provides an overview of pharmacologic approaches based upon an emerging understanding of the mechanisms responsible for thrombosis across a spectrum of COVID-19 disease involving an interplay between immunologic and pro-thrombotic events, including endothelial injury, platelet activation, altered coagulation pathways, and impaired fibrinolysis.

Research Letter: Prevalence of Spine Injuries Among US Military Personnel With Combat-Related Concussion.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of spine injuries among US service members with combat-related concussion.

Design And Participants: A retrospective review of medical records for US service members injured during combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan between 2002 and 2020. The study sample included 27 897 service members categorized into 3 groups: concussion with loss of consciousness (LOC, n = 4631), concussion non-LOC ( n = 5533), and non-concussion ( n = 17 333).

Development and Clinical Implementation of an Automated Virtual Integrative Planner for Radiation Therapy of Head and Neck Cancer.

Purpose: Head and neck (HN) radiation (RT) treatment planning is complex and resource intensive. Deviations and inconsistent plan quality significantly affect clinical outcomes. We sought to develop a novel automated virtual integrative (AVI) knowledge-based planning application to reduce planning time, increase consistency, and improve baseline quality.

The Psychological Consequences of Combat Injury Among U.S. Navy Health Care Personnel.

Introduction: Military health care personnel face numerous risks to mental health, including those associated with combat injury, although no study has described combat injuries within this subgroup or assessed their impact on mental health outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Male U.S.

Relationship Between Tinnitus and Hearing Outcomes Among US Military Personnel After Blast Injury.

Objectives: To examine the association between tinnitus and hearing outcomes among US military personnel after blast injury, including any hearing loss, low-frequency hearing loss, high-frequency hearing loss, early warning shift, and significant threshold shift.

Design: In this retrospective study, the Blast-Related Auditory Injury Database was queried for male military service members who had audiometric data 2 years before and after blast injury between 2004 and 2012 with no history of hearing loss or tinnitus before injury (n = 1693). Tinnitus was defined by diagnostic codes in electronic health records.

Medical correlates of first-term attrition in US Navy personnel.

Introduction: First-term attrition (FTA), or failure of a military service member to complete their initial service contract, is a major financial burden and source of lost manpower in the US Navy. The objective of the present study was to examine medical correlates of FTA using healthcare and disability rating data.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all US Navy-enlisted personnel between the years 2003 and 2018 with FTA (n=58 777) and regular discharge (n=203 084) were identified for analysis from accession dates in the Career History Archival Medical and Personnel System.

Combat injury profiles among U.S. military personnel who survived serious wounds in Iraq and Afghanistan: A latent class analysis.

Background: The U.S. military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan had the most casualties since Vietnam with more than 53,000 wounded in action.

Preliminary side effect profile, safety, and tolerability of hormonal contraception among women receiving opioid-agonist therapy.

Objective(s): To characterize for the first time the side effect profile, safety, and tolerability of hormonal contraception among women receiving opioid-agonist therapy.

Study Design: We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected from participants in a three-arm randomized controlled trial (N = 138) aimed at increasing effective contraceptive use among women receiving opioid-agonist therapy. Participants in the 2 intervention conditions (n = 90) had free access to hormonal contraception at each of the 14 visits scheduled during the 6-month intervention.

Postinjury Care and Complications Among U.S. Military Women With Combat-Related Major Limb Traumatic Amputation.

Background: U.S. servicewomen may be at greater risk of injury in future conflicts as they integrate into combat occupations.