Upper Airway Stimulation versus Untreated Comparators in Positive Airway Pressure Treatment-Refractory Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Understand the impact of insurance coverage on sleep apnea outcomes for patients awaiting upper airway stimulation. Examine the natural history of impact of upper airway stimulation treatment versus insurance denial (comparators) on sleep apnea outcomes. A parallel-arm experimental study design was used to compare objective sleep apnea measures and patient-reported outcomes in those who received upper airway stimulation approval versus denial in a multinational prospective study (NCT02907398).