Cardiac contraction affects deep myocardial vessels predominantly.

To evaluate the roles of intramyocardial forces and systolic ventricular pressure in myocardial flow in the different layers separately, we measured myocardial flow in rabbit hearts during stable systolic contracture with left ventricular pressures of 60 (n = 5) and 0 mmHg (n = 5) and during stable diastolic arrest (n = 5). We also measured the number and size of the intramyocardial vessels after perfusion fixation (systolic arrest, n = 5; diastolic arrest, n = 5). In 25 rabbits, hearts were excised and perfused from the aortic root.

The prediction of chronic persistent versus intermittent tardive dyskinesia. A retrospective follow-up study.

Relatively little is known about the course of TD in patients continuing to receive neuroleptic medication. In a retrospective follow-up study of 192 patients seen two or more times (average 7.7 visits) over 3-55 months in the Yale Tardive Dyskinesia Clinic, 112 (58%) demonstrated a 'chronic persistent' pattern, the remainder an 'intermittent' pattern.

Nonuniform blood flow in the canine left ventricle.

In order to investigate the relationship between coronary perfusion pressure and blood flow distribution in the left ventricle (LV), we measured myocardial blood flow in small regions using radioactive microspheres in six anesthetized, open-chest dogs. Mean coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) was controlled with a femoral artery to left main coronary artery shunt which included a pressurized, servo-controlled blood reservoir. In each dog, we measured flow in 192 regions of the LV free wall (mean weight per region = 206 +/- 38 mg) at different perfusion pressures.

Non-metastatic locally advanced cancer of the breast treated with radiation.

One hundred forty-seven female patients with retrospectively classified (AJCCS 1977) Stage III and nonmetastatic noninflammatory Stage IV breast carcinoma from June 1958 to December 1978 were studied to determine the effects of primary radiation on local recurrence and survival. Fifty-one patients recurred in the breast; 24 patients recurred in the local-regional area of breast and draining lymphatics and 15 patients recurred in the axilla only. Distant metastases developed in 97 patients.

The glial cells in the nerve fiber layer of the rat olfactory bulb.

In mammals the olfactory receptor neurons are the only ones that are known to undergo continuous cell renewal in the adult animal. This means that the axon of each newly formed neuron must grow into the olfactory bulb to find its appropriate target cell. It is presumed that astrocytes ensheath the olfactory axons as they course through the nerve fiber layer of the bulb even though the cells in question differ ultrastructurally from typical astrocytes.

The re-innervation of olfactory glomeruli following transection of primary olfactory axons in the central or peripheral nervous system.

The re-innervation of the olfactory bulb has been studied in rats in which the primary afferent axons were transected either in the peripheral nervous system, on the intracranial side of the cribriform plate, or in the central nervous system, in the nerve fibre layer of the bulb. Both procedures resulted in denervation of glomeruli on the dorsal surface of the olfactory bulb. Re-innervation of these glomeruli was first seen approximately three weeks after operation and was largely completed by the sixth week, irrespective of the site of the lesion.

Radiation therapy of keratoacanthoma.

We report the radiation therapy of keratoacanthoma in 13 patients using orthovoltage X rays and electrons. All patients had an excellent cosmetic result, and time to regression was dose dependent up to a dose corresponding to TDF 50; increasing dose beyond this level did not accelerate time to regression past 2.4 months.

Improved survival of patients with unresectable non-small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma by an innovated high-dose en-bloc radiotherapeutic approach.

From 1972 to 1977, 162 patients were treated with definitive radiotherapy for the underlying unresectable non-small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma by a radiotherapeutic technique that had sequentially evolved from a low-dose (40-45 gray) small-volume approach (AP-PA POP) to a high-dose (60-64 gray) large-volume en-bloc approach (AP-PA POP plus AP-RPO-LPO) which included the primary tumor and the entire regional lymphatics including both supraclavicular areas. Median survival and short-term survival up to 1.5 years were independent of radiation doses (40-64 gray) and target volumes studies.

Inflammatory breast carcinoma treated by radical radiotherapy.

Sixty-two patients with localized clinical inflammatory breast carcinoma were treated with curative, radical radiotherapy doses to the breast and draining lymphatics at Massachusetts General Hospital from January 1960 to December 1977. Fifty patients have died from disease, 7 are alive with disease, and 5 are free of disease at time of reporting, thus indicating the fulminant nature of this rare form of breast cancer. Median survival is approximately 18 months (mean 24 months).

Management of intramedullary spinal cord tumors.

From January 1962 to May 1979, 23 patients with biopsy-proved intramedullary spinal cord tumors were treated initially with total resection, subtotal resection, irradiation, or subtotal resection and irradiation. Local control was achieved in 1/2 patients after total resection, 1/3 after subtotal resection, 8/9 after subtotal resection and radiation therapy, and 5/8 after radiation therapy alone. The patients with ependymomas exhibited a radiation dose-response relationship; of eight patients followed five or more years postirradiation, local control was achieved in 2/3 with time dose fraction (TDF) less than 55, 2/3 with TDF 55-65, and 2/2 with TDF greater than 65.