The Impact of Language Discordance on Acquiring Broad Social History: A Qualitative Study of Patients, Clinicians, and Interpreters.

Background: By acquiring a broad social history (BSH), which includes aspects of patients' social needs in addition to their hobbies and activities, values, and perspectives on care, clinicians can provide more patient-centered care, which is known to improve health outcomes. However, the impact of patient-clinician language discordance on acquisition of BSH has not been well studied.

Objective: To ascertain whether language discordance impacts clinicians' acquisition of patients' BSH by interviewing patients, clinicians, and medical interpreters.

Left atrial appendage anatomy: clinical implications for cardiac procedures.

The Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) is the most common source of thrombi during atrial fibrillation (AF) leading to stroke. With the increasing prevalence of AF and the growing number of patients requiring LAA involved interventions like exclusion and ablation, understanding LAA's anatomical intricacies becomes paramount importance. This study aims to provide anatomical data regarding LAA in relation to these procedures.

Coagulation factor VIII: biological basis of emerging hemophilia A therapies.

Coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) is essential for hemostasis. After activation, it combines with activated FIX (FIXa) on anionic membranes to form the intrinsic Xase enzyme complex, responsible for activating FX in the rate-limiting step of sustained coagulation. Hemophilia A (HA) and hemophilia B are due to inherited deficiencies in the activity of FVIII and FIX, respectively.

Enhanced procoagulant activity of select hemophilia B causing factor IX variants with emicizumab.

Emicizumab improves the procoagulant activity of select loss-of-function factor IX (FIX) variants with likely dysfunctional assembly of the intrinsic Xase complex, resulting in hemophilia B (HB). FVIII mimetics may represent an alternative nonfactor therapy for select patients with HB.

AAV gene therapy in companion dogs with severe hemophilia: Real-world long-term data on immunogenicity, efficacy, and quality of life.

The hemophilias are the most common severe inherited bleeding disorders and are caused by deficiency of clotting factor (F) VIII (hemophilia A) or FIX (hemophilia B). The resultant bleeding predisposition significantly increases morbidity and mortality. The ability to improve the bleeding phenotype with modest increases in clotting factor levels has enabled the development and regulatory approval of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector gene therapies for people with hemophilia A and B.

Analysis of vector genome integrations in multicentric lymphoma after AAV gene therapy in a severe hemophilia A dog.

Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors have traditionally been viewed as predominantly nonintegrating, with limited concerns for oncogenesis. However, accumulating preclinical data have shown that AAV vectors integrate more often than previously appreciated, with the potential for genotoxicity. To understand the consequences of AAV vector integration, vigilance for rare genotoxic events after vector administration is essential.

Late-onset cytomegalovirus cholangiopathy in a renal transplant patient: Case report and review of the literature.

This case report highlights the investigation and treatment of a 70-year-old male with cytomegalovirus (CMV) cholangiopathy. The patient underwent a kidney transplant in 2016 and presented 3 years later with the atypical presentation of left shoulder pain associated with dilated biliary tree and mild transaminitis. Initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed diffuse stricture of the common bile duct, requiring stenting, and over the course of a year multiple stent changes were required to prevent cholestasis.

Morphological and morphometric study of pulmonary vein anatomy in relation to cardiac invasive and electrophysiological procedures.

Pulmonary veins (PVs) and their myocardial sleeves play an important role in the development of atrial fibrillation. Hence, detailed knowledge of PV anatomy is required to improve the procedural success rate and prevent complications during cardiac procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the PV anatomy along with anatomical variations in the Indian population.

Coagulation factor VIII regulates von Willebrand factor homeostasis invivo.

Background: Coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) circulate as a noncovalent complex, but each has its distinct functions. Binding of FVIII to VWF results in a prolongation of FVIII's half-life in circulation and modulates FVIII's immunogenicity during hemophilia therapy. However, the biological effect of FVIII and VWF interaction on VWF homeostasis is not fully understood.

Biological differences underlying sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer: current synopsis and future directions.

Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in disease incidence and clinical outcomes between male and female bladder cancer patients, clinical management remains the same. In this review, we critically analyze studies that report on the biological differences between men and women and evaluate how these differences contribute to sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer.

A review on the effectiveness of nanocomposites for the treatment and recovery of oil spill.

The introduction of unintended oil spills into the marine ecosystem has a significant impact on aquatic life and raises important environmental concerns. The present review summarizes the recent studies where nanocomposites are applied to treat oil spills. The review deals with the techniques used to fabricate nanocomposites and identify the characteristics of nanocomposites beneficial for efficient recovery and treatment of oil spills.

Large area multi-filamentary plasma source for large volume plasma device-upgrade.

This paper discusses the salient features and plasma performance of the newly installed Large Area Multi-Filamentary Plasma Source (LAMPS) in large volume plasma device-upgrade. The plasma source is designed to exhibit a plasma electron density of ∼10 m, low electron temperature (∼eV), and a uniform plasma cross section of 2.54 m.

A Comparative Analysis of Efficacy of Intralesional Mumps-Measles-Rubella Vaccine Versus 5-Fluorouracil in the Treatment of Palmoplantar Warts.

Background: Palmoplantar warts are quite resistant to treatment, so treating them is a challenge as ablative modalities lead to pain, temporary immobility, secondary infections, and scarring. The treatment of warts using immunotherapeutic methods and cytotoxic methods is being increasingly used to overcome drawbacks in the treatment of warts.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intralesional mumps-measles-rubella (MMR) vaccine versus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the treatment of palmoplantar warts.

FEAMR: A Database for Surveillance of Food and Environment-Associated Antimicrobial Resistance.

The rapid dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a serious health problem on an unprecedented global scale. AMR is predicted to kill more than 10 million people annually by 2050 leading to huge economic losses worldwide. Therefore, urgent action is required at the national as well as international levels to avert this looming crisis.

Acquired Hemophilia A: Current Guidance and Experience from Clinical Practice.

In acquired hemophilia A (AHA), autoantibodies to coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) neutralize FVIII activity leading to a potentially severe bleeding diathesis that carries a high rate of morbidity and mortality. This disorder is rare and occurs mainly in adults over 60 years of age or in the postpartum period. The diagnosis should be suspected in patients with new-onset bleeding without a personal or family history of bleeding and can be confirmed via specific assays for FVIII inhibitors.

A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Role of Dermoscopy in Differentiating Palmar Psoriasis, Chronic Hand Eczema, and Eczema in Psoriatico.

Background: Overlapping clinical features often make the differentiation between palmar psoriasis, hand eczema, and eczema in psoriatico a difficult task. In such cases, history and biopsy often aid in the diagnosis. Dermoscopy acts as a link between clinical dermatology and dermatopathology.

Gefitinib induced Pemphigus Vulgaris with PRIDE complex.

Pemphigus Vulgaris is a rare, noncommunicable, non-hereditary fatal autoimmune dermatological manifestation in which a painful blister initiates from the oral cavity. PRIDE complex stands for Papulopustules or paronychia, regulatory abnormality of hair and nails, itching, and dryness due to inhibition of EGFR. Both of these mucocutaneous manifestations are rare and are often caused by drugs.

Hemolysis After Medication Exposure in Pediatric Patients With G6PD Deficiency.

Hemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency varies by mutation status and the oxidative stressor. Although classified by percent of enzymatic deficiency, variability in normal G6PD values clouds assessment of hemolysis risk by level. This was a retrospective, single institution, cohort study assessing risk of postexposure medication-induced hemolysis in G6PD deficient patients.