Effectiveness of a family-based health promotion intervention for women with prior GDM: The Face-it RCT.

Context: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk of future type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but effective and feasible interventions to reduce this risk are lacking.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a family-based health promotion intervention on T2DM risk factors and quality of life among women with recent GDM.

Design: Multicenter, parallel, open-label randomized controlled trial with 2:1 allocation ratio.

Pre-analytical diagnostic differences despite high adherence to guidelines for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Regional variations in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been found across Denmark. The objectives of this exploratory survey were to evaluate adherence to the national guideline for screening and diagnosing GDM and to identify variations in pre-analytical or analytical factors, which could potentially contribute to variations in GDM prevalence across regions. In a national interview-based survey, obstetric departments and laboratories throughout Denmark handling GDM screening or diagnostic testing were invited to participate.

Health promotion intervention among women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus: penetration, participation, and baseline findings from the Face-it randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Face-it is a randomized controlled trial for women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their families designed to evaluate the effect of a health promotion intervention on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk and quality of life. This study examined (1) the penetration and participation rates for the Face-it trial, (2) the characteristics of the participating women and the potential differences in characteristics according to partner participation status, and (3) representativity of the women at baseline.

Research Design And Methods: We identified women with GDM during pregnancy and invited them and their partners to a baseline examination 10-14 weeks after delivery.

Motivation for Behavior Change among Women with Recent Gestational Diabetes and Their Partners-A Qualitative Investigation among Participants in the Face-It Intervention.

Promoting diet and physical activity is important for women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their partners to reduce the risk of future type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study aimed to understand how motivation for changing diet and physical activity behaviors among women with recent GDM and their partners was experienced after participation in the Danish Face-it intervention. Fourteen couples' interviews were conducted.

Applying WHO2013 diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus reveals currently untreated women at increased risk.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a Danish cohort comparing the current Danish versus the WHO2013 diagnostic criteria, and to evaluate adverse pregnancy outcomes among currently untreated women in the gap between the diagnostic thresholds.

Methods: Diagnostic testing was performed by a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks' gestation in a cohort of pregnant women. GDM diagnosis was based on the current Danish criterion (2-h glucose ≥ 9.

The impact of inter-laboratory glucose bias on the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus: Comparison of common automated central laboratory methods.

Background And Aims: The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is based exclusively on glucose measurements, which are highly influenced by pre-analytical and analytical factors. Therefore, poor agreement across laboratories may affect the prevalence of GDM. We aimed to determine the inter-laboratory bias of glucose measurements and the impact on GDM prevalence.

Validation of Danish registry-cases of type 1 diabetes in women giving live birth using a clinical cohort as gold standard.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to validate type 1 diabetes in women giving live birth in the Danish national registries against a clinical cohort of confirmed cases (the Danish Diabetes Birth Registry [DDBR] cohort).

Methods: National registries including diagnosis codes, redeemed prescriptions and background data were combined. Three main algorithms were constructed to define type 1 diabetes in women giving live birth: (1) Any diabetes diagnosis registered before delivery and before age of 30, (2) a specific type 1 diabetes diagnosis registered before delivery regardless of maternal age and (3) a 'preexisting type 1 diabetes in pregnancy' diagnosis registered before delivery.

The Weak Relationship between Vitamin D Compounds and Glucose Homeostasis Measures in Pregnant Women with Obesity: An Exploratory Sub-Analysis of the DALI Study.

Studies on the relationship between vitamin D (VitD) and glucose homeostasis usually consider either total VitD or 25OHD3 but not 25OHD2 and epimers. We aimed to evaluate the cross-sectional association of VitD compounds with glucose homeostasis measurements in pregnant women with overweight/obesity participating in the Vitamin D And Lifestyle Intervention for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention study. Methods: The analysis included 912 women.

Long-Term Metabolic Outcomes after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): Results from the Odense GDM Follow-Up Study (OGFUS).

Aims: To compare metabolic profiles and the long-term risk of metabolic dysfunction between women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM) and women without pGDM (non-GDM) matched on age, prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), and parity.

Methods: In total, 128 women with pGDM (median follow-up: 7.8 years) and 70 non-GDM controls (median follow-up: 10.

Home Blood Pressure for the Prediction of Preeclampsia in Women With Preexisting Diabetes.

Context: Outside of pregnancy, home blood pressure (BP) has been shown to be superior to office BP for predicting cardiovascular outcomes.

Objective: This work aimed to evaluate home BP as a predictor of preeclampsia in comparison with office BP in pregnant women with preexisting diabetes.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted of 404 pregnant women with preexisting diabetes; home BP and office BP were measured in early (9 weeks) and late pregnancy (35 weeks).

Twins in Guinea-Bissau have a 'thin-fat' body composition compared to singletons.

The 'thrifty phenotype' hypothesis proposed that fetal undernutrition increases risk of diabetes in later life. Undernourished low birthweight Indian babies are paradoxically more adipose compared to well-nourished European babies, and are at higher risk of diabetes in later life. Twin pregnancies are an example of growth restrictive environment due to shared maternal nutrition.

The Temporal Profile of Circulating miRNAs during Gestation in Overweight and Obese Women with or without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Circulating non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are important for placentation, but their expression profiles across gestation in pregnancies, which are complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), have not been fully established. Investigating a single time point is insufficient, as pregnancy is dynamic, involving several processes, including placenta development, trophoblast proliferation and differentiation and oxygen sensing. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the temporal expression of serum miRNAs in pregnant women with and without GDM.

Systematically developing a family-based health promotion intervention for women with prior gestational diabetes based on evidence, theory and co-production: the Face-it study.

Background: Women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes; however, this risk can be reduced by engaging in positive health behaviours e.g. healthy diet and regular physical activity.

The effects of dietary and lifestyle interventions among pregnant women with overweight or obesity on early childhood outcomes: an individual participant data meta-analysis from randomised trials.

Background: The impact of maternal obesity extends beyond birth, being independently associated with an increased risk of child obesity. Current evidence demonstrates that women provided with a dietary intervention during pregnancy improve their dietary quality and have a modest reduction in gestational weight gain. However, the effect of this on longer-term childhood obesity-related outcomes is unknown.

Adapting fasting plasma glucose threshold for GDM diagnosis according to the population distribution - An approach to the Danish paradox.

Aims: To examine third trimester fasting venous plasma glucose (FVPG) according to the distribution of a Danish population of pregnant women and identify potential local FVPG thresholds for GDM diagnosis related to risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: In the observational Odense Child Cohort (OCC) study, 1516 women had FVPG measured at 27-28 weeks' gestation and were considered normal by Danish criteria and remained untreated. Maternal FVPG from OCC were standardized according to the local FVPG mean and standard deviation calibrated to data from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study.

The Predictive Value of miR-16, -29a and -134 for Early Identification of Gestational Diabetes: A Nested Analysis of the DALI Cohort.

Early identification of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) aims to reduce the risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Currently, no circulating biomarker has proven clinically useful for accurate prediction of GDM. In this study, we tested if a panel of small non-coding circulating RNAs could improve early prediction of GDM.

Diabetes in urban Guinea-Bissau; patient characteristics, mortality and prevalence of undiagnosed dysglycemia.

Background: The burden of diabetes mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa is growing rapidly, and yet the prevalence and patient characteristics are still largely unknown.

Objectives: We analyzed clinical and demographic characteristics of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients attending a diabetes clinic in Guinea-Bissau from February 2008 to April 2014, and estimated the prevalence and risk factors of unknown-impaired fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and diabetes, as well as excess mortality associated with T2DM.

Methods: We characterized T2DM patients attending the national diabetes clinic in Bissau.

Less sedentary time is associated with a more favourable glucose-insulin axis in obese pregnant women-a secondary analysis of the DALI study.

Background/objectives: Obese pregnant women are at high risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which might be reduced by sufficient physical activity (PA) and reduced sedentary time (ST). We assessed whether PA and ST are longitudinally associated with the glucose-insulin axis in obese pregnant women.

Subjects/methods: In this secondary analysis of the DALI (vitamin D And Lifestyle Intervention for gestational diabetes mellitus prevention) study, pregnant women, <20 weeks gestation, with a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 29 kg/m, without GDM on entry were included.

Live-born children after assisted reproduction in women with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.

Aims/hypothesis: Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are among the most prevalent chronic diseases in women in the fertile years and women with diabetes may experience several reproductive issues. We aimed to examine the chance of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and live birth after assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and whether obesity per se influenced the results.

Methods: This nationwide register-based cohort study is based on the Danish ART Registry comprising 594 women with either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes from 2006 to 2017.

Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a co-produced, complex, health promotion intervention for women with prior gestational diabetes and their families: the Face-it study.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of future diabetes in both mother, father and offspring. More knowledge is needed about how to effectively reduce the risk of diabetes through sustained behavioural interventions in these families. The Face-it intervention is a complex health promotion intervention embedded in multi-level supportive environments.

Venous thromboembolism in anorexia nervosa: four cases from a specialized unit. Indication for thromboprophylaxis?

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. VTE may occur asymptomatic or subclinical. Fluid retention during intensive re-nutrition or rapid weight changes are well-known phenomena in anorexia nervosa (AN) and may represent a significant risk factor for VTE.

Effect of motivational interviewing on gestational weight gain and fetal growth in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To study how lifestyle coaching with motivational interviewing to improve adherence to healthy eating affects gestational weight gain and fetal growth in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes in a real-world setting.

Research Design And Methods: A cohort study including a prospective intervention cohort of consecutive, singleton pregnant, Danish-speaking women with type 2 diabetes included between August 2015 and February 2018 and a historical reference cohort included between February 2013 and August 2015. The intervention consisted of a motivational interviewing to improve adherence to healthy eating in addition to routine care.

Physical activity, sedentary behavior and development of preeclampsia in women with preexisting diabetes.

Aims: To explore the association between physical activity in early pregnancy and development of preeclampsia in women with preexisting diabetes.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study of 189 women with preexisting diabetes (110 type 1 and 79 type 2 diabetes), physical activity during pregnancy including sedentary behavior was evaluated with the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire. Primary outcome was preeclampsia.

The Guinea-Bissau Twin Registry Update: A Platform for Studying Twin Mortality and Metabolic Disease.

Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest natural twinning rate in the world. Unfortunately, due to lack of adequate care during pregnancy, labor and postnatally, twin mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa also remains very high. Thus, it has been estimated that one in five twins dies during the childhood years.

[Hypertriglyceridaemia-induced pancreatitis during pregnancy caused by a genetic defect].

This is a case report of a 35-year-old secundigravida woman with recurrent episodes of hypertriglyceridaemia-induced acute pancreatitis during pregnancy, which is a rare but serious complication in pregnancy. The woman was normal weight, and she was not known with any metabolic disorders, but she had idiopathic splenomegaly, which might be explained by the high triglyceride levels. Later genetic analysis revealed a lipoprotein lipase gene mutation known to cause hypertriglyceridaemia.