[RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF GEOGRAPHICAL VARIABILITY OF THE PARASITE FAUNA AND OF THE STRUCTURE OF COMPONENT COMMUNITIES OF MINNOW PHOXINUS PHOXINUS (LINNAEUS) PARASITES. 2. THE WATER BODIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN EUROPEAN RUSSIA].

The material was collected according to commonly accepted methods in 1992—2013 from the following sites: the Lake Krivoye (Kolguev Island); Volonga, Schapkina, Kolva, More-Yu, Vorkuta, Kara, and Khalmer-Yu Rivers; Lakes Nikaramata (the Kara River basin) and Mercempertato (Yamal Peninsula). A total of 436 of the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus with age 1+—3+ were examined. In the examined water bodies, excluding the Kolva River, the parasite fauna of the minnow is impoverished, and, to a greater extent, possesses an occasional character.

[PARASITE FAUNA AND STRUCTURE OF PARASITE COMPONENT COMMUNITIES IN THE MINNOW PHOXNUS PHOXINUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) IN AN OIL POLLUTED WATERSTREAM].

In June 1992 and July 1996, 238 minnow specimens of the 2+--3+ age were collected from 5 parts of the Kolva River and studied using the standard technique of the general parasitological dissection. Comparative analysis of parasite fauna and the structure of component parasite communities in the minnow from ecologically safe and variably polluted parts of the river was performed. The analysis had demonstrated that the increase in the water pollution by domestic wastewater, washings of fertilizers from agricultural fields and private country houses, cattle farm drains (Dorovskikh et al.

[Influence of the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus L. sex on the composition of the parasite fauna and component community structure of parasites].

225 minnow specimens of the 2(+)-3+ age were collected and studied using the standard technique of the total parasitological dissection. The component parasite community in a period of studies was well-established. This state is characterized by maximum species richness and biomass values.

[Seasonal dynamics of the parasite fauna and of the component community structure of parasites of the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.) from the Pechora River. 3].

During January May, 2007, 105 specimens of minnow of the 2+ -- 3+ age were col- lected from the Pechora River in the central homestead of the Pechora-Ilechsky Natural Reserve, and studied using the standard technique of the general parasitological dissection. It was concluded that in a period of studies the component parasite community was in a formation process.

[Results of the study of the geographical variability of the parasite fauna and of the structure of component communities of the minnow parasite Phoxinus phoxinus (L.) 1. Basins of the Kama and Northern Dvina Rivers].

In the basin of the Kama River, in upper Vychegda River, and in tributaries of the upper Northern Dvina River, the parasite fauna of the minnow is monotonous and component communities of parasites are mature (balanced, according to Pugachev, 1999). They are completely formed in June.

[Seasonal dynamics of the fauna and of the component community structure of parasites of the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.) from the Pechora River. 2].

It is demonstrated that the component community of parasites of the minnow in the midle Pechora River in September-Decemner corresponds in its characteristics to the forming community, when relations between species in the community are formed again, but the rate of these transformation is significantly lower than in spring-summer.

[Radiodiagnosis of cervical spine lesions].

The radiation examination of 728 victims of acute spinal column and cord injuries, admitted to Omsk City Emergency Medicine Hospital One in the period 2008-2011, was analyzed. The main cause of spinal column injuries was catastrophe (68.7%), vehicle-related trauma (22.

[Quantitative analysis of seasonal dynamics of the species structure in a component parasite community of the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.) of the Pechora River].

Earlier analysis of a seasonal succession of fish parasites assemblage was, as a rule, performed in May-October. At the same time, winter season can be important in seasonal dynamics of the assemblage. In the present work, quantitative analysis of complete seasonal dynamics of species structure of fish assemblage parasites with an example of the adult minnow of the river Pechora was performed.

[Clinical-radiologic diagnostics of cranio-cerebral injuries in polytrauma].

A retrospective analysis of clinical-radial examination was made in 1946 patients with polytrauma. In 82% of them severe cranio-cerebral traumas and extracranial injuries were revealed. The diagnosis of fractures of the skull bones on the basis of survey radiography was possible but in 2% of the patients.

[Seasonal dynamics of the parasite fauna and of the component community structure of parasites of the Minnow phoxinus phoxinus (L.) from the Pechora River].

The material represented by 120 specimens of minnow of the age 2(+)-3* was collected according to the standard technique from the Pechora River of the Pechora-Ilechsky reserve in the region of Central homestead during May-September 2006. Three stages of the component parasite community included: the community in the process of formation (May-June), the formed community (June), the destroying community (July and August), the community in the process of formation (August and September).

[Structure of the component community of parasites of Gymnocephalus cernuus (Linnaeus, 1758) in different seasons].

In the conditions of middle stream of Vychegda River, the species diversity of parasite community associated with Gymnocephalus cernuus was found to be maximal in March and minimal in September. It is shown, that during a year the parasite community passes through the phases of development in December-March, completion in May-June, and destruction in July-September, which form the annual cycle of the community.

[Polymorphism and intraspecific variability in the cestode Proteocephalus tetrastomus (Rudolphi, 1810) (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae), a specific parasite of smelt (Osmeridae)].

Morphological variability in the cestode Proteocephalus tetrastomus parasitizing smelt in Lake Ladoga (Baltic Sea basin) and Lake Goluboye (Pechora River basin) was studied. Two forms of P. tetrastomus differing in the proglottid structure, and two variations of the ovary were discriminated.

[Tumour occurrence of minnow Phoxinys phoxinus (L.) from the North Dvina and Pechora River Basins].

Tumours occurrence of minnow and tumour parameters are found to be greatest at the end of June--the first part of July. Black tumours give metastases, while gray tumours are separated from the neighboring tissue by a capsule. The stroma of the tumour is pierced through by fungal hyphae of Fusarium solani (Mart.

[Structure of component parasite communities in the grayling, Thymallus thymallus L. (Salmoniformes, Thymallidae), and minnow, Phoxinus phoxinus L. (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), from the upper reaches of the Pechora River].

A comparative analysis of parasite communities in the grayling and minnow has been performed. These communities differ in the number of constituent species and in that the community of the minnow is dominated by one allogenic species, whereas that of the grayling usually has two dominants, both being autogenic species. The values of species diversity indices characterizing these communities are also different.

[Seasonal dynamics of the structure of component communities of parasites in the young minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.)].

Component communities of parasites of Phoxinus phoxinus from the Chovju River near Syktyvkar City (Komi Republic) are investigated in seasonal aspect. Material for the study has been collected in May-September 2000 from 90 host specimens of ages 0+-1+. Calculations of diversity indices and other coefficients have been made by two ways -- for metazoan parasites only and for whole parasite community including protozoan species.

[Application of the dynamic phase portrait method for the analysis of structural transformations in the component parasite communities of the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.)].

The present study aimed to investigate structural changes in communities of fish parasites by the method of dynamic phase portrait. This method allows revealing equilibrium states of communities and analyzing a response of community near and far from these states. Seasonal succession of the parasite communities in Phoxinus phoxinus of different age from the rivers Ulcheksha and Chovju is considered as an example.

[Component parasite communities in the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.) from ecologically safe and polluted reservoirs].

A comparative analysis of the structure of component parasite communities in the minnow from ecologically safe or polluted to variable extent reservoirs was made. The analysis showed that the increase of the reservoir pollution by everyday drains, washings of fertilizers from the fields around and the dacha sections causes the change of dominant parasite species in the minnow, alteration of the sum of errors in the regression equation characterizing the spread of values of biomasses of the species forming the parasite community, and change of the "graphic" structure of the community. It is proved, that the high concentration of biogens has a destructive effect on natural systems, and at the same time causes the process of self-organizing, leading to the alteration of the community structure.

[Dependence of the structure of component parasite communities on host age].

Dependence of the structure of component parasite communities on host age is studied by the example of parasite communities in minnow and grayling from the North Dvina and Pechora rivers basins. Parasite communities from immature host groups are revealed to be different from those in mature fishes by lesser number of parasite individuals and biomass, number of groups discriminated by the ratio of biomasses, and frequently by lesser number of species. Indices of diversity describing parasite communities from hosts of different ages are nearly always the same in the area examined.

[Component communities of parasites in the grayling Thymallus thymallus (L.) (Salmoniformes, Thymallidae) and the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.) (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) from the Pechora River].

Component communities of parasites of Thymallus thymallus and Phoxinus phoxinus are described. The communities differ in the number of species and in the number of dominate species, which is one in P. phoxinus and usually two in T.

[Host age and structure of the component communities of parasites in river minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.)].

Species composition and structure of the communities of fish parasites in river minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.) from the Pechora river were investigated in two of the Pechora-Ilychsky Biosphere Nature Reserve, Komi Republic. The component communities of the parasites in river minnow are shown to have a one-year cycle including the states of development, completion, and destruction.

[The occurrence of tumors in the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.), their influence upon the parasite fauna, component community of parasites, and organism of the host].

The occurrence of tumors, their influence upon the organism of Phoxinus phoxinus (L.), its parasite fauna, and parasite component community were investigated in the upstream of the Pechora River. According to the data obtained, tumors could occur in the fishes of every age group, but one-year (0+) or two-year (1+) old minnow is affected by tumors more frequently.

[Lernaea cyprinacea (Copepoda, Lernaeidae) from crucian carp Carassius carassius from the Dlinnoje Lake in the middle stream of the Vychegda River].

Till 1996 the Vychegda River's flood lakes at the territory of the biological station of the Syktyvkar University were overflowed every spring by water so that fishing took place from time to time. In 1996 a low flood level and intensive fishing resulted in the change of the infection rate of crucians by Lernaea, as well as in the change of the size and sex ratios of the crucian population in the Dlinnoje Lake. Thus, the size pattern of the crucian population became simpler, and it led to the changes in parasite-host relation.

[Component communities of the parasites of gudgeon (Gobio gobio) from the basins of Northern Dvina and Mezen rivers].

Component communities of parasites of gudgeon from the ecologically sustainable reservoirs are studied. The general principle of their organization is established. The material had been collected in the basins of Northern Dvina (41 specimens of gudgeon were dissected) and Mezen (55 specimens of gudgeon were dissected) rivers using generally accepted methods.

[Seasonal dynamics of the component community structure of parasites of the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.)].

The material represented by 75 specimens of minnow of the age 2-2(+) was collected according to the standard technique in the Chovju River (tributary of the Vychegda River, a region of the settlement Nizniy Chov, district of Syktyvkar town) during the period June-September 2000. The quantitative estimation of the structure of the component parasite communities was performed by calculating errors of the equation of regression for each species group separately, with subsequent summarizing of means of errors by all parasite groups comprising the community (Dorovskikh, 2001 6; 2002 B). In order to have a possibility to get data complementing each other, the calculation of variety indexes and other indexes have been made for metazoan parasites only and for the whole community, including the protozoan parasites.

[Lernaea cyprinacea (Copepoda: Lernaeidae) in the basin of the medial part of the Vychegda river].

The Lernaea cyprinacea population distributed in the water basin of the medial part of the Vychegda river has one generation a year. It is probably the result of lower temperature of water during the year, than in south parts of L. cyprinacea range.