Visits to the Pediatric Emergency Department for Eye Conditions Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: The use of the emergency department (ED) has been increasing, and many visits occur for non-urgent conditions. A similar trend was found among adult visits to the ED for ocular conditions. In this study we analyzed the impact of sociodemographic factors, presentation timing, and the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric ED (PED) encounters for ophthalmologic conditions.

Comparison of OCT imaging in children with foveal hypoplasia born full term versus preterm.

Purpose: It is unknown if foveal hypoplasia in full-term born children differs in structure and function from that observed in children born preterm. We compared macular structure and visual function in children with history of prematurity and full-term children diagnosed with foveal hypoplasia.

Methods: We compared three groups of subjects (3-18 years old): (1) full-term hypoplasia (FH, n = 56, gestational age ≥ 36 weeks); (2) preterm hypoplasia (n = 57, gestational age ≤ 31 weeks, birth weight ≤ 1500 g); (3) control (n = 54), full-term normal.

Effect of gestational age at birth, sex, and race on foveal structure in children.

Purpose: Premature birth, race, and sex are contributing risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and have long-term impact on children's retinal structure. Few studies investigate impact of race and sex on macular structure in children born preterm. This study compared foveal structure in preterm and full-term children.

Using OCT Fixation Shift to Assess Eccentric Fixation in Children With Residual Amblyopia.

Purpose: Eccentric fixation in amblyopia is often estimated grossly without precision. Although the usefulness of optical coherence tomography (OCT) fixation shift in the quantification of eccentric fixation in a small cohort of amblyopic children was recently reported, there is a lack of understanding of characteristics of OCT fixation shift. In a retrospective cohort study, we evaluated eccentric fixation with OCT in a large cohort of children with residual amblyopia.

Funduscopic examination and SD-OCT in detecting sickle cell retinopathy among pediatric patients.

Purpose: To compare the results of fundus examination and spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in detecting retinal changes in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease at a single center.

Methods: In this prospective study, conducted over a period of 19 months, consecutive African American patients with sickle cell disease underwent complete ophthalmologic examination, and SD-OCT images of the maculas of both eyes were obtained.

Results: A total of 69 (37 males) patients aged 5-20 years (mean 12.

Ophthalmology manifestations of pediatric cancer treatment.

Purpose Of Review: Advances in pediatric oncology care have increased survival rates for children with malignancy. As a result, ophthalmologists are seeing more short-term and long-term complications associated with the treatment of these conditions. Ophthalmologists need to be aware of cancer treatment-related eye disorders.

Update on retinopathy of prematurity: treatment options and outcomes.

Purpose Of Review: To evaluate and review the recent scientific literature on retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Recent studies have shown advancement in treatment options in ROP as well as improved functional and structural outcomes. This review compiles some of these recent findings.