Effect of a comfort scale compared with a pain numerical rate scale on opioids consumption in postanaesthesia care unit: the COMFORT study.

Background: The way that pain is assessed in the PACU could impact on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption. However, there is currently no evidence to support this speculation. The authors hypothesised that using a comfort scale reduces postoperative opioid consumption when compared with a standard numerical rating scale (NRS) to evaluate pain in the PACU.

Ischemia-modified albumin and adenosine plasma concentrations are associated with severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Purpose: Severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) occurring after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a common cause of mortality during cardiac surgery. These syndromes are characterized by vasoplegia and ischemia-reperfusion phenomenom. Adenosine is a strong endogenous vasodilating agent, which may be involved in blood pressure failure during CPB induced by severe SIRS.

Effect of fluid loading during hypovolaemic shock on caspofungin pharmacokinetic parameters in pig.

Introduction: Caspofungin treatment is frequently initiated in shock patients. In the present study, we investigated the influence of hypovolaemic shock requiring fluid loading on the plasma and pulmonary pharmacokinetic parameters of caspofungin in the pig.

Methods: After being anaesthetised and mechanically ventilated, 12 pigs were bled to induce a two-hour deep shock and resuscitated using normal saline based on haemodynamic goals.

An early inflammatory response to oesophagectomy predicts the occurrence of pulmonary complications.

Background: Respiratory complications are the most frequent concern following oesophagectomy. We aimed to assess the postoperative inflammatory response after oesophagectomy and to determine its reliability to predict the occurrence of pulmonary complications.

Methods: A total of 97 patients were enrolled in this prospective observational study.

Effect of hypertonic saline pre-treatment on ischemia-reperfusion lung injury in pig.

Background: Hypertonic saline may be administered in the setting of lung transplantation but may affect the development of ischemia-reperfusion lung injury. This study investigated the effects of the pre-treatment by intravenous hypertonic saline in a pig model of single lung ischemia-reperfusion.

Methods: Forty-three pigs (34 +/- 4 kg) under mechanical ventilation were randomly assigned to a left lung ischemia-reperfusion alone or preceded by 4-ml/kg 7.

Adenosine A2A receptor hyperexpression in patients with severe SIRS after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objective: Adenosine (ADO) is an endogenous nucleoside, which has been involved in blood pressure failure during severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome (severe SIRS) after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Adenosine acts via its receptor subtypes, namely A1, A2A, A2B, or A3. Because A2A receptors are implicated in vascular tone, their expression might contribute to severe SIRS.

Comparison of lung injury after normal or small volume optimized resuscitation in a model of hemorrhagic shock.

Objective: To compare lung injury induced by a hemorrhagic shock resuscitated with normal saline or with small volumes of a hypertonic/hyperoncotic solution.

Design And Setting: Randomized, controlled, laboratory study in an animal research laboratory.

Subjects: Nineteen pigs (43 +/- 4 kg).

Accuracy and limits of transpulmonary dilution methods in estimating extravascular lung water after pneumonectomy.

Study Objectives: The measurement of extravascular lung water index by double indicator (EVLWIdi) or the measurement of extravascular lung water index by transpulmonary thermodilution (EVLWItt) could be useful after pneumonectomy. Since pulmonary blood flow and volume are altered after pneumonectomy, the validity of these methods is uncertain. This study has compared measurements of EVLWIdi and EVLWItt with measurement of extravascular lung water index by gravimetry (EVLWIg) in a porcine model of pulmonary edema induced after right pneumonectomy.