Prognostischer Wert der Fläche und Dichte von Lymphgefäßen bei kutanem Plattenepithelkarzinom.

Hintergrund Und Ziele: Kutane Plattenepithelkarzinome (SCC) sind bekannt für ihre Fähigkeit, über Lymphgefäße zu metastasieren. In neueren Studien wird das Ausmaß der Lymphangiogenese als möglicher prognostischer Faktor bei einigen Hauttumoren genannt. Ziel dieser Studie war die Quantifizierung der Lymphangiogenese bei SCC entweder durch computergestützte Bildanalyse oder mithilfe der Zählmethode nach Chalkley.

Prognostic value of the area and density of lymphatic vessels in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Background And Objectives: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is known for its capacity to metastasize via lymphatic vessels. In recent studies, the level of lymphangiogenesis has been reported as a potential prognostic factor for several skin tumors. The aim of this study was to quantify lymphangiogenesis in SCC using either computer-assisted image analysis or the Chalkley count technique.

Dynamics and Transcriptomics of Skin Dendritic Cells and Macrophages in an Imiquimod-Induced, Biphasic Mouse Model of Psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown etiology. Previous studies showed that short-term, 5-7 d-long application of imiquimod (IMQ), a TLR7 agonist, to the skin of mice triggers a psoriasis-like inflammation. In the current study, by applying IMQ for 14 consecutive d, we established an improved mouse psoriasis-like model in that it recapitulated many of the clinical and cellular hallmarks observed in human patients during both the early-onset and the late-stable phase of psoriasis.

Laser-assisted intradermal delivery of adjuvant-free vaccines targeting XCR1+ dendritic cells induces potent antitumoral responses.

The development of vaccines inducing efficient CD8(+) T cell responses is the focus of intense research. Dendritic cells (DCs) expressing the XCR1 chemokine receptor, also known as CD103(+) or CD8α(+) DCs, excel in the presentation of extracellular Ags to CD8(+) T cells. Because of its high numbers of DCs, including XCR1(+) DCs, the skin dermis is an attractive site for vaccine administration.

Evaluation of blood parameters for the monitoring of erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Background And Objectives: Erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are aggressive diseases posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Numerous indicators for confirming diagnosis and disease-monitoring have been proposed. CD26-negativity of peripheral CD4+ T-cells has been reported to have these properties.

Vaccine molecules targeting Xcr1 on cross-presenting DCs induce protective CD8+ T-cell responses against influenza virus.

Targeting antigens to cross-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) is a promising method for enhancing CD8(+) T-cell responses. However, expression patterns of surface receptors often vary between species, making it difficult to relate observations in mice to other animals. Recent studies have indicated that the chemokine receptor Xcr1 is selectively expressed on cross-presenting murine CD8α(+) DCs, and that the expression is conserved on homologous DC subsets in humans (CD141(+) DCs), sheep (CD26(+) DCs), and macaques (CADM1(+) DCs).

Treatment of indolent primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas with subcutaneous interferon-alfa.

Background: Interferon-alfa is used in the treatment of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL). Therapy with interferon-alfa has thus far been reported solely in case reports and small case series, mostly describing intralesional use.

Objective: We sought to evaluate efficacy, response rate, time to response, duration of response, and safety of subcutaneously administered interferon-alfa for the treatment of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma.

Origins and functional specialization of macrophages and of conventional and monocyte-derived dendritic cells in mouse skin.

In the skin, the lack of markers permitting the unambiguous identification of macrophages and of conventional and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) complicates understanding of their contribution to skin integrity and to immune responses. By combining CD64 and CCR2 staining, we successfully identified each of these cell types and studied their origin, transcriptomic signatures, and migratory and T cell stimulatory properties. We also analyzed the impact of microbiota on their development and their contribution to skin inflammation during contact hypersensitivity.

Skin dendritic cell targeting via microneedle arrays laden with antigen-encapsulated poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide nanoparticles induces efficient antitumor and antiviral immune responses.

The efficacious delivery of antigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), in particular, to dendritic cells (DCs), and their subsequent activation remains a significant challenge in the development of effective vaccines. This study highlights the potential of dissolving microneedle (MN) arrays laden with nanoencapsulated antigen to increase vaccine immunogenicity by targeting antigen specifically to contiguous DC networks within the skin. Following in situ uptake, skin-resident DCs were able to deliver antigen-encapsulated poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycolide (PGLA) nanoparticles to cutaneous draining lymph nodes where they subsequently induced significant expansion of antigen-specific T cells.

Applicability of confocal laser scanning microscopy for evaluation and monitoring of cutaneous wound healing.

There is a high demand for noninvasive imaging techniques for wound assessment. In vivo reflectance confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) represents an innovative optical technique for noninvasive evaluation of normal and diseased skin in vivo at near cellular resolution. This study was designed to test the feasibility of CLSM for noninvasive analysis of cutaneous wound healing in 15 patients (7 male/8 female), including acute and chronic, superficial and deep dermal skin wounds.

Reflectance confocal microscopy for the evaluation of acute epidermal wound healing.

The dynamic process of wound healing is routinely evaluated by clinical or histological evaluation. Recently, a number of non-invasive imaging techniques have been evaluated for their clinical applicability in dermatology. Among them, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) represents a non-invasive imaging technique that allows the in vivo characterization of the skin at near-histological resolution.

The role of toll-like receptors in host defenses and their relevance to dermatologic diseases.

The family of toll-like receptors (TLRs) plays a central role in the cutaneous immune defense system. To date, different TLRs have been found on several major cell populations of the skin, such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, antigen-presenting cells, and melanocytes. Activation of TLRs leads, via different intracellular signaling pathways, to the production of pro-inflammatory stimuli, and is considered a danger signal that should transform the skin in to the functional state of defense.