High level efficacy of lufenuron against sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) linked to rapid impact on moulting processes.

Drug resistance in the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis is a global issue for Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Multiple resistance has been described across most available compound classes with the exception of the benzoylureas. To target this gap in effective management of L.

The effects of temperature and body size on immunological development and responsiveness in juvenile shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum).

Sturgeon are an important evolutionary taxa of which little is known regarding their responses to environmental factors. Water temperature strongly influences growth in fish; however, its effect on sturgeon immune responses is unknown. The objective of this study was to assess how 2 different temperatures affect immune responses in shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) relevant immune organs such as the meningeal myeloid tissue, spleen, thymus and skin.

Ontogeny of the immune system in Acipenserid juveniles.

Sturgeon aquaculture has increased considerably worldwide but little is known about their immunological development and competence in early life stages. Culture of larvae is one of the most critical stages in intensive sturgeon farming, often associated with high mortality rates. The objective of this study was to characterize the developmental morphology (light and transmission electron microscopy, LM and TEM) of the meningeal myeloid tissue, spleen and thymus in Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) from hatching until 5 months old (2895°C·day (dd)).

Infectious salmon anaemia virus replication and induction of alpha interferon in Atlantic salmon erythrocytes.

Background: Infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) virus (ISAV), which causes ISA in marine-farmed Atlantic salmon, is an orthomyxovirus belonging to the genus Isavirus, family Orthomyxoviridae. ISAV agglutinates erythrocytes of several fish species and it is generally accepted that the ISAV receptor destroying enzyme dissolves this haemagglutination except for Atlantic salmon erythrocytes. Recent work indicates that ISAV isolates that are able to elute from Atlantic salmon erythrocytes cause low mortality in challenge experiments using Atlantic salmon.

Mutated ATP synthase induces oxidative stress and impaired insulin secretion in beta-cells of female BHE/cdb rats.

Background: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a critical determinant of beta-cell insulin secretion in response to glucose. BHE/cdb rats have a mutation in ATP synthase that limits ATP production, yet develop mild diabetes only with ageing. We investigated the cellular basis for reduced insulin secretion and compensatory mechanisms that mitigate the effects of the ATP synthase mutation.

Demonstration of infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) endocytosis in erythrocytes of Atlantic salmon.

Infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) virus (ISAV) is a fish orthomyxovirus that has recently been assigned to the new genus Isavirus within the family Orthomyxoviridae. It possesses the major functional characteristics of the virus family including haemagglutinating, receptor destroying enzyme (RDE), and fusion activities associated with the virion surface proteins. It is generally accepted that ISAV agglutinates erythrocytes of several fish species and that the ISAV RDE activity dissolves this haemagglutination reaction except for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) erythrocytes.

Ultrastructural findings in feline corneal sequestra.

Objectives: (1) To describe the ultrastructural features of corneal sequestra in cats; and (2) to enhance our understanding regarding the pathogenesis of feline corneal sequestration.

Methods: Nine corneal sequestra were harvested via keratectomy from globes of nine cats. The sequestra were routinely fixed then postfixed for high resolution light and transmission electron microscopy (HR-LM and TEM, respectively).

Ultrastructural evidence of autoinfection in the gills of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua infected with Loma sp. (phylum Microsporidia).

Infection by a microsporidian of the genus Loma was found in gills of cod Gadus morhua. Xenomas contained parasites in multiple stages of development. Some spores looked empty and had everted polar tubes, which were either straight or coiled.