Fabrication, Potentiometric Characterization, and Application of Screen-Printed RuO pH Electrodes for Water Quality Testing.

Screen-printed sensing electrodes attract much attention for water pollution monitoring due to their small size, physical and chemical durability, and low cost. This paper presents the fabrication and broad potentiometric characterization of RuO pH sensing electrodes deposited by screen printing on alumina substrates and sintered in the 800-900 °C temperature range. All the fabricated electrodes showed close to Nernstian sensitivity, good linearity, fast response, small drift, low hysteresis, and low cross-sensitivity toward various interfering cations and anions.

Structural, Thermal and Dielectric Properties of Low Dielectric Permittivity Cordierite-Mullite-Glass Substrates at Terahertz Frequencies.

Glass-ceramic composites containing cordierite, mullite, SiO glass and SiO-BO-AlO-BaO-ZrO glass were fabricated in a process comprising solid state synthesis, milling, pressing and sintering. Thermal behavior, microstructure, composition and dielectric properties in the Hz-MHz, GHz and THz ranges were examined using a heating microscope, differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, impedance spectroscopy, transmission method and time domain spectroscopy (TDS). The obtained substrates exhibited a low dielectric permittivity of 4.

Sintering, Microstructure, and Dielectric Properties of Copper Borates for High Frequency LTCC Applications.

New ceramic materials based on two copper borates, CuBO and CuBO, were prepared via solid state synthesis and sintering, and characterized as promising candidates for low dielectric permittivity substrates for very high frequency circuits. The sintering behavior, composition, microstructure, and dielectric properties of the ceramics were investigated using a heating microscope, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and terahertz time domain spectroscopy. The studies revealed a low dielectric permittivity of 5.

LTCC and Bulk ZnBO-ZnSiO Composites for Submillimeter Wave Applications.

New zinc metaborate ZnBO-willemite ZnSiO composites were investigated as promising materials for LTCC (low temperature cofired ceramics) substrates of microelectronic circuits for submillimeter wave applications. Composites were prepared as bulk ceramics and LTCC multilayer structures with cofired conductive thick films. The phase composition, crystal structure, microstructure, sintering behavior, and dielectric properties were studied as a function of willemite content (0, 10, 13, 15, 20, 40, 50, 60, 100 wt %).

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analysis of RuO2-Ta2O5 thick film pH sensors.

The paper reports on investigation of the pH sensing mechanism of thick film RuO2-Ta2O5 sensors by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Interdigitated conductimetric pH sensors were screen printed on alumina substrates. The microstructure and elemental composition of the films were examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Potentiometric RuO2-Ta2O5 pH sensors fabricated using thick film and LTCC technologies.

The paper reports on the preparation, properties and application of potentiometric pH sensors with thick film RuO2-Ta2O5 sensing electrode and Ag/AgCl/KCl reference electrode screen printed on an alumina substrate. Furthermore, it presents fabrication procedure and characterization of a new miniaturized pH sensor on LTCC (low temperature cofired ceramics) substrate, destined for wireless monitoring. The crystal structure, phase and elemental composition, and microstructure of the films were investigated by X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.