Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Approach for Optimizing the Processing Parameters of 316L SS in Directed Energy Deposition.

Directed energy deposition (DED) is a crucial branch of additive manufacturing (AM), performing repairs, cladding, and processing of multi-material components. 316L austenitic stainless steel is widely used in applications such as the food, aerospace, automotive, marine, energy, biomedical, and nuclear reactor industries. Nevertheless, there is need for process parameter optimization and a comprehensive understanding of the individual and complex synergistic effects of process parameters on the geometry, microstructure, and properties of the deposited material or component.

Cochlear Implantation in a Patient with Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis.

Background: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) otologic manifestations include conductive and sensorineural hearing loss (HL). Vasculitis is assumed to be the primary cause of otologic manifestations. Deaf patients and patients with HL who do not benefit from hearing aids can benefit from cochlear implants (CI).

Validating the 'CUT score' risk stratification tool for indeterminate thyroid nodules using the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology.

Purpose: Managing intermediate thyroid nodules remains challenging. The CUT score is an Italian metanalysis-based cytologic (SIAPEC-IAP) scoring system, designed to assist clinicians. However, it was never evaluated against the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (BSRTC).

Mu-Opioid Receptor Expression in Laryngeal Cancer.

Objectives: Expression of mu-opioid receptors (MORs) has not been investigated in head and neck cancer. In this study, we aimed to assess the expression of opioids receptors in laryngeal cancer, compared to adjacent non-malignant tissue.

Study Design: A retrospective case series in a single academic center.

[IMPLANTATION OF A VIBRANT SOUNDBRIDGE IN A WOMAN WITH SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS AND RECURRENT OTITIS EXTERNA: A CASE STUDY].

Rehabilitating hearing loss is highly important due to its positive impact on the ability to understand speech, and the related consequences on family, social and work communication abilities. Children with hearing loss have learning difficulties that adversely affect speech and language acquirement. Most patients with hearing loss can use conventional hearing aids that are partially or completely placed in the external ear canal.

Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy among the old and oldest-old populations - A case control study.

Objective: Despite increased risks of nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) with age, and the continuous growth of the old population proportion, data on endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (eDCR) among the old is lacking. This study aims to evaluate long-term eDCR efficacy and safety in the old and oldest-old population.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study of patients aged 80 ≤ (oldest-old) and 65-79 (old) compared with younger controls who underwent eDCR, between 2002 and 2017.

Inflammatory Profile of Antrochoanal Polyps in the Caucasian Population - A Histologic Study.

Background: Antrochoanal polyp (ACP) is a rare and unique unilateral nasal polyp. In contrast to diffuse primary chronic rhinosinusitis (d-CRS) the inflammatory profile of ACP in the Caucasian population have not been determined.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to describe and differentiate the inflammatory features of ACP compared with d-CRS and its phenotypic subgroups and hypertrophic turbinates (HT) in the Caucasian population, and compare the mast and plasma cell marker expression of each pathology.

Impact of age on surgical outcomes and failure rates in patients with thyroglossal duct cysts.

Purpose: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) may appear in all age groups. The impact of age on surgical outcome has been reported with conflicting results. The aim of the study was to evaluate different risk factors for surgical success according to stratified age groups.

Supraglottic Carcinoma in Intravenous Opioid Drug Abusers: A Distinct Disease with Improved Survival.

Objectives/hypothesis: Recent evidence indicates an increased prevalence of intravenous opioid drug abusers (IVDAs) among supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SG-SCC) patients. This study investigates whether the clinical course of SG-SCC in IVDA differs from SG-SCC in non-IVDA.

Study Design: A retrospective case-control study conducted in a in two tertiary referral centers.

The role of endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation in the management of persistent epistaxis - A 15-year single-center experience.

Purpose: Managing persistent epistaxis poses a great challenge for the otolaryngologist. Despite continuous development in treatment methods, no universal guideline has been commonly adopted. Among the popular methods is endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (ESPAL).

Vocal Fold Fat Augmentation for Atrophy, Scarring, and Unilateral Paralysis: Long-term Functional Outcomes.

Objective: There is a debate regarding the durability of fat implants. Our experience and recent publications suggest fat implantation may deliver a long-lasting improvement. This study aims to present the long-term outcomes for vocal fold fat augmentation using strict harvesting, preparing, and implantation protocols.

Relations between body mass index, laryngeal fat pads, and laryngeal airway configuration in adult men population.

Background: The impact of body mass index (BMI) on pharyngeal fat pads has been well studied, yet no study has assessed its associations on laryngeal morphology.

Objectives: To study the associations of BMI differences on laryngeal morphology in adult males using computed tomography angiography (CTA) scans.

Methods: All adult male patients who underwent head and neck CTAs between 2011 and 2018 were initially included and categorized according to their BMI: (1) BMI < 20; (2) 20 ≤ BMI < 25; (3) 25 ≤ BMI < 30; (4) 30 ≤ BMI < 35; and (5) BMI ≥ 35.

The impact of allergies and smoking status on nasal mucosa of hypertrophied turbinates - an immunohistologic analysis.

Allergies and smoking are common reasons for nasal mucosa inflammations, which in turn, cause nasal obstructions. Nevertheless, the impact of coexisting allergies and smoking on nasal mucosa inflammation has not been studied. To study the impact of smoking with relation to allergies on nasal mucosa histology and to characterize an immunologic profile using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.

Long-term Outcomes for Revision Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy-The Effect of the Primary Approach.

Objectives/hypothesis: Revision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (END-DCR) is the preferred approach for failed primary surgeries, yet quality data on long-term outcomes are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate three aspects of revision END-DCR: 5-year success rates, patient satisfaction, and the primary surgical approach's possible impact on revision.

Methods: This retrospective study included all revision END-DCRs conducted at Kaplan Medical Center between the years 2002 and 2015.

Correction to: Spontaneous neck hematoma secondary to parathyroid adenoma: a case series.

In the original publication of the article, one of the author name was published incorrectly.

Spontaneous neck hematoma secondary to parathyroid adenoma: a case series.

Purpose: Spontaneous neck hematoma is a rare yet potentially fatal complication of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Here we aim to describe novel presentations of neck hematomas secondary to PHPT, discussing tools and signs that facilitate diagnosis.

Methods: Case series data were extracted by retrospective chart reviews of our institution's electronic medical records, including all neck hematoma cases from parathyroid origin between 2005 and 2020.

[SURGEON PERFORMED THYROID AND NECK ULTRASOUND AS A TOOL FOR BETTER PATIENT CARE].

Surgeon performed ultrasound (SUS) has become a valuable tool for the head and neck/endocrine surgeon. It allows for a complementary examination of the neck, following history and physical examination. With its reduced costs and being radiation free, US has become the modality of choice for imaging thyroid, parathyroid and lymph nodes of the neck.

Five- and 10-Year Outcomes for Primary Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy: Failure Rate and Risk Factors.

Introduction: Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (eDCR) is the preferred approach for nasolacrimal duct obstruction, yet quality data on long-term outcomes is lacking.

Study Design: A retrospective study in a single, academic institution.

Objective: To assess the 5- and 10-year success rates of eDCR, and its associated risks.

Down-Expression of Kinin Receptors in Allergic Nasal Polyps Epithelia: An Immunohistochemistry Study.

Objectives: To investigate the expression of B1 and B2 receptors in patients with nasal polyps (NPs) compared to controls.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Settings: Single academic center.

CO Laser Cordectomy Versus KTP Laser Tumor Ablation for Early Glottic Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Objectives: CO laser cordectomy has been the workhorse of laser surgery for early glottic squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC) since the early 1970s. During the last decades, potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser surgery for early GSCC gained popularity, introducing the tumor ablation technique. Yet, there are no previous randomized controlled trials (RCT) that compare the oncologic and functional outcomes of KTP Laser ablation versus CO laser cordectomy for early GSCC.

Development of the nasopharynx: A radiological study of children.

The relation between pharyngeal tonsil and the bony nasopharynx determines the nasopharyngeal airway patency. Despite its importance, an anatomical study utilizing advanced imaging has not been conducted. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pharyngeal tonsil and bony nasopharynx depth and their ratio (adenoid-nasopharyngeal ratio [ANR]) with relation to sex and age in the general pediatric population.

Usefulness of ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology of major salivary gland lesions.

Purpose: To assess the clinical value of ultrasound (US) and fine needle aspiration (FNA) of salivary gland lesions prior to surgery, for preoperative decision-making and long-term follow-up/outcome.

Materials & Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical charts of 98 consecutive patients with major salivary gland lesions who were treated in a single medical from 2008 to 2017. Preoperative US and FNA was performed in all patients.

Surgeon-Performed Ultrasonographic Evaluation and Predication for Large Thyroid Nodules-A Case-Control Study.

Background: The management of large thyroid nodules remains unclear. Ultrasonography is a central tool in the assessment of thyroid nodules, yet its role in risk stratification of large thyroid nodules has been studied only seldomly.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the utility of ultrasonography in characterizing and risk-stratifying thyroid nodules ≥3.

Outcomes of prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients who underwent bedside percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy in intermediate care units - A single center study.

Background: The number of chronic critical illness (CCI) patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) is increasing worldwide, mandating health professionals to discuss interventions while considering disease trajectory. The aim of this study was to analyze the survival of CCI patients who underwent percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) within intermediate care units.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective study of all patients who underwent PDT in our intermediate care units from 2009 to 2015.