Proteomic analysis of metronidazole resistance in the human facultative pathogen .

The anaerobic gut bacteria and opportunistic pathogen can cause life-threatening infections when leaving its niche and reaching body sites outside of the gut. The antimicrobial metronidazole is a mainstay in the treatment of anaerobic infections and also highly effective against spp. Although resistance rates have remained low in general, metronidazole resistance does occur in .

Initial expression levels of nimA are decisive for protection against metronidazole in Bacteroides fragilis.

Objectives: In the genus Bacteroides, the nim genes are resistance determinants for metronidazole, a nitroimidazole drug widely used against anaerobic pathogens. The Nim proteins are considered to act as nitroreductases. However, data from several studies suggest that the expression levels of Nim do not increase with increasing resistance which is conflicting with this notion.

Immunohistochemical differentiation and localization analysis of sweat glands in the adult human axilla.

Background: The classic concept of axillary glands differentiates between eccrine glands, producing abundant clear, nonodorous sweat; and apocrine glands, excreting small amounts of turbid, odorous milky sweat. A third type of sweat glands, the "apoeccrine" glands, were recently identified. To define the different types of sweat glands and their location and number, the authors carried out a prospective histologic study on adult human axillary skin, including various immunohistochemical markers.