Health Communication and Adherence to Noninvasive Ventilation in Chronic Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Domiciliary noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a standard treatment for improving health outcomes among patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure (CHRF). However, poor adherence substantially limits its therapeutic effectiveness.

Objective: To determine the effect of an information-motivation-behavioral (IMB) skills-based intervention (IMB-NIV program) on NIV adherence, patient-reported health outcomes, and health service use among patients with CHRF.

Nurse-Led Multicomponent Behavioral Activation Intervention for Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are often ill-equipped for shared decision-making. This study investigated the effects of a patient empowerment care model on patient-reported health outcomes and treatment decision-making in patients with AF.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial prospectively randomized patients with AF to receive standard care (n=194) or a 13-week nurse-led multicomponent behavioral activation intervention (n=198).

Determining the Key Education Priorities Related to Heart Failure Care in Nursing Homes: A Modified Delphi Approach.

There is currently a limited understanding of what nurses in nursing homes view as the key education priorities to support their ability to provide the appropriate care for residents with heart failure (HF). A modified Delphi technique was utilized to gain a consensus on the key education priorities for nurses working in nursing homes in Northern Ireland. An initial list of items ( = 58), across 19 domains, was generated using the findings of a scoping review and stakeholder interviews, and a review of available clinical guidelines.

Meaning-making of dementia caregiving: A systematic review of qualitative studies.

Background: Being the backbone of informal care for people living with dementia, caregivers suffer overwhelming physical and psychological challenges in their daily caregiving experience. Proactive coping strategies to alleviate the caregiving burden are of utmost importance. Meaning-making emerges as an effective coping approach to benefit caregivers and mitigate their care burden.

Promoting workplace retention during global crises: An international survey of the preventive role of psychological support among victims of social discrimination in long-term care facilities.

This international cross-sectional survey examined the potential role of organizational psychological support in mitigating the association between experiencing social discrimination against long-term care (LTC) facilities' healthcare professionals (HCPs) and their intention to stay in the current workplace during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included a convenience sample of 2,143 HCPs (nurses [21.5 %], nurse aids or residential care workers [40.

Estimated prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in patients undergoing coronary artery or valvular surgeries/procedures: A systematic review and proportional meta-analysis.

Background: The aging population has led to an increasing number of older patients undergoing cardiac surgeries/procedures. Frailty and prefrailty have emerged as important prognostic indicators among these patients. This proportional meta-analysis estimated the prevalence of frailty and prefrailty among patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Screening for Frailty Using the FRAIL Scale in Older Cancer Survivors: A Cross-sectional Comparison With the Fried Phenotype.

Objectives: To examine the diagnostic performance of the FRAIL Scale for frailty screening with reference to the Fried phenotype and investigate its association with health outcomes in older cancer survivors.

Data Source: In this cross-sectional quantitative study, participants were post-treatment cancer survivors aged 65 or above. Measurements included the FRAIL Scale, Fried phenotype, Geriatric Depression Scale-15 item, Modified Barthel Inventory, and EORTC Core Quality of Life Questionnaire.

Empowerment-based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in persons with mild cognitive impairment: A sequential explanatory mixed-method pilot study.

Insomnia is an emerging risk factor for the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its progression to dementia. Impaired cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms create challenges for persons with MCI to participate actively in non-pharmacological interventions. This study examined the feasibility and preliminary effects of empowerment-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on sleep, cognitive function, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in persons with MCI and sleep problems.

Theory-based cognitive-narrative intervention versus didactic education for promoting prompt care-seeking for acute myocardial infarction: A multisite mixed-methods randomized controlled trial.

Background: Prolonged delays by patients in making care-seeking decisions remain a significant obstacle to the effective management of acute myocardial infarction.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects of a theory-based cognitive-narrative intervention with those of didactic education over a 24-month period on the participants' attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge regarding acute myocardial infarction, prehospital delay time, and the use of an ambulance. We also explored participants' engagement in the intervention.

Combined exercise and cognitive interventions for adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Exercise and cognitive interventions are beneficial for adults with preclinical and clinical dementia, but it is unclear whether the combination of these two components could generate synergistic benefits and what intervention designs would optimize this effect.

Objectives: This review aims to compare the effects of combined exercise and cognitive interventions on cognitive, psychological, functional outcomes, and health-related quality of life with the corresponding single approach and control groups in adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. It also aims to identify the optimal intervention design and factors affecting treatment effects.

Effects of Sport Stacking on Cognition in Patients With Mild Alzheimer's Disease and MCI: Preliminary Findings of Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This mixed-method pilot study aims to investigate the feasibility and preliminary effects of sport stacking on cognitive function in individuals with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Twenty-four community-dwelling subjects with confirmed mild AD or MCI were evenly randomly assigned to either the 12-week sport stacking intervention group (n = 12) or clinic routine management control group (n = 12). Outcome evaluation included the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living scale (ADCS-ADL), and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

The effects of a salutogenic strength-based intervention on sense of coherence and health outcomes of dementia family carers: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Dementia caregiving is associated with notable impacts on the health of family carers. Although sense of coherence (SOC), as a core dimension of inner strength, has been found to have health-protecting effects in stressful encounters, few studies have designed a strength-based intervention to optimise SOC and thereby the health of carers.

Objectives: To identify the effects of a strength-based intervention on SOC, coping, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), perceived burden and depression among Chinese family carers of people with dementia and to examine whether the health effects, if any, are mediated through an enhanced SOC and effective coping.

A randomized controlled trial on the effects and acceptability of individual mindfulness techniques - meditation and yoga - on anxiety and depression in people with Parkinson's disease: a study protocol.

Background: Between 40 and 50% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience anxiety and depression, associated with impaired physical function, high care dependency and mortality. Recently, the United States National Institutes of Health has urged the implementation of mindfulness practices in chronic illness care. Most research to date has examined the effects on chronically ill patients of complex interventions using a combination of mindfulness techniques.

Long-term care facilities' response to the COVID-19 pandemic: An international, cross-sectional survey.

Aims: To (i) assess the adherence of long-term care (LTC) facilities to the COVID-19 prevention and control recommendations, (ii) identify predictors of this adherence and (iii) examine the association between the adherence level and the impact of the pandemic on selected unfavourable conditions.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: Managers (n = 212) and staff (n = 2143) of LTC facilities (n = 223) in 13 countries/regions (Brazil, Egypt, England, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Spain, Thailand and Turkey) evaluated the adherence of LTC facilities to COVID-19 prevention and control recommendations and the impact of the pandemic on unfavourable conditions related to staff, residents and residents' families.

The prognostic impacts of frailty on clinical and patient-reported outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery or valvular surgeries/procedures: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Frailty is emerging as an important prognostic indicator for patients undergoing cardiac surgeries/procedures. We sought to evaluate the prognostic and differential impacts of frailty on patients undergoing coronary artery or valvular surgical procedures of different levels of invasiveness, and to explore the differential predictability of various frailty measurement models.

Methods: Eight databases were searched for prospective cohort studies that have adopted validated measure(s) of frailty and reported clinical, healthcare service utilization, or patient-reported outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery or valvular surgeries/procedures.

Meaning Making as a Lifebuoy in Dementia Caregiving: Predicting Depression from a Generation Perspective Using a Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis.

Depressive symptomatology is associated with caregiver burden and poor health outcomes among dementia caregivers. Scholars called for a paradigm shift to focus on positive aspects of caregiving, in particular, meaning making during the caregiving journey. This study draws on the meaning making model and a generation perspective to predict depression among dementia caregivers from two generations, including Baby Boomers who were born between 1946 and 1964 and Generation X who were born between 1965 and 1980, using a configuration approach.

Effects of an empowerment-based educative psycho-behavioral program on neuropsychiatric symptoms among persons with mild cognitive impairment: A mixed methods study.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment refers to the transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. While managing the cognitive symptoms receives most research attention, neuropsychiatric symptoms, particularly depression and anxiety, affect up to 80% of this cohort and detrimentally impact disease progression. Evidence-based interventions to support this preclinical cohort to cope with the neuropsychiatric symptoms are yet to be developed.

Nurse-led multi-component behavioural activation programme to improve health outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: a mixed-methods study and feasibility analysis.

Aims: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) play passive roles in disease management. This study aimed to examine the feasibility and preliminary effects of an empowerment-based care model, titled 'the nurse-led multi-component behavioural activation (N-MBA) programme', on health-related quality of life, AF knowledge, psychological outcomes, medication adherence, and treatment decision-making in patients with AF.

Methods And Results: This mixed-methods study comprised a pilot randomized controlled trial and a qualitative study.

Effects of a Narrative-Based Psychoeducational Intervention to Prepare Patients for Responding to Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Despite decades of educational efforts, patients' prolonged delays in seeking care for symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remain the greatest obstacle to successful management of the condition.

Objective: To compare the effects of a narrative-based psychoeducational intervention with a didactic educative approach on AMI survivors' intention to seek care for AMI symptoms and on AMI knowledge.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A multisite randomized clinical trial recruited community-dwelling patients aged 18 years or older with a history of AMI from 4 hospitals in Hong Kong from January 1, 2018, to January 22, 2021, and followed up participants for 1 year.

Peer-supported exercise intervention for persons with mild cognitive impairment: a waitlist randomised controlled trial (the BRAin Vitality Enhancement trial).

Background: motivating older people with cognitive impairment to remain physically active is challenging.

Objective: this study aimed to examine the effects of a peer-supported exercise intervention on the cognitive function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Design: a two-arm randomised controlled trial.

Are we on the same page? Multiple stakeholders and service users priorities for dementia care and policy: A Delphi study.

Background: It's crucial to develop a national policy for dementia due to the growing number of persons living with the condition and the attendant impact on individuals, families, and society at large. However, there has been limited exploration of the views on long-term goals for dementia of different stakeholders involved in different aspects of service use, planning or delivery.

Objective: This study aims to examine and compare the perceived priorities of service users (i.

Psychometric Validation of the Chinese Version of the Atrial Fibrillation Knowledge Scale in Chinese Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Assessment of patients' knowledge on atrial fibrillation (AF) and its management is important for evaluating their learning needs. However, a validated and comprehensive instrument to be used among Chinese patients is yet to be developed.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Chinese version of the Atrial Fibrillation Knowledge Scale (AFKS-C) in Chinese patients.

Self-Care Experiences of Empty-Nest Elderly Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Qualitative Study From China.

Background: The number of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases among empty-nest elderly increases with increasing aging in China. Self-care plays an important role in preventing and reducing adverse outcomes of diabetes; however, few studies focus on self-care experiences of empty-nest elderly with T2DM.

Objective: To explore self-care experiences for a chronic disease among empty-nest elderly patients with T2DM in mainland China.

The effects of low-impact moderate-intensity stepping exercise on fatigue and other functional outcomes in older adults with multimorbidity: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: Fatigue is highly prevalent among older adults with multimorbidity. As the World Health Organization advocates for strategies that improve the functional status of this aged cohort, this study examined the effects of a low-impact moderate-intensity exercise program on their fatigue levels and related functional health outcomes.

Methods And Materials: A multi-site clinical trial randomized 124 community-dwelling older adults with multimorbidity [mean age: 78.

Lived experience of neuropsychiatric symptoms among females with mild cognitive impairment: A phenomenological study.

Aims: To explore the lived experience of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) among females with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Design: A phenomenological study using individual, semi-structured, telephone-based interviews was conducted to explore how the NPS are aroused, evolve, and affect the overall well-being, illness perception and the corresponding coping responses adopted by females with MCI.

Methods: Twenty-nine participants with MCI were recruited from the community setting in Hong Kong between March and October 2020.