Retinoblastoma and beyond: pediatric orbital mass lesions.

Various space occupying lesions can arise in the orbit, ranging from developmental anomalies to malignancies, and many of the diseases occurring in children are different from the pathologies in the adult population. As the clinical presentation is frequently nonspecific, radiologic evaluation is essential for lesion detection and characterization as well as patient management. While orbital masses may in some cases involve multiple compartments, a simple compartmental approach is the key for the diagnosis on imaging studies, and MRI is the modality of choice.

Impact of Pelvic Calcification Severity on Renal Transplant Outcomes: A Prospective Single-Center Study.

Vascular calcifications (VC) are increasingly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to assess the incidence of iliac artery calcifications in kidney transplant (KT) patients and explore the relationship between iliac VC burden measured by pelvic calcification score (PCS) and renal transplant outcomes. This prospective study involved 79 KT recipients.

Validation of Diagnostic Accuracy and Disease Severity Correlation of Chest Computed Tomography Severity Scores in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia.

The aim of our study was to establish and compare the diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability of published chest CT severity scoring systems used for COVID-19 pneumonia assessment and to propose the most efficient CT scoring system with the highest diagnostic performance and the most accurate prediction of disease severity. This retrospective study included 218 patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and chest CT. Two radiologists blindly evaluated CT scans and calculated nine different CT severity scores (CT SSs).

A CT-based pelvic calcification score in kidney transplant patients is a possible predictor of graft and overall survival.

Objectives: Computerized tomography (CT) is the most accurate method for evaluating pelvic calcifications, which are of utmost importance for planning kidney transplantation (KT). The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence and distribution of iliac artery calcifications and correlate the novel pelvic calcification score (PCS) with cardiovascular risk factors and graft and overall survival in KT patients.

Methods: We retrospectively included 118 KT patients operated at our institution with pretransplant pelvic CT.

Virtual monoenergetic dual-energy CT reconstructions at 80 keV are optimal non-contrast CT technique for early stroke detection.

Background: Virtual monoenergetic (VM) dual-energy computed tomography (DE-CT) enables grey-to-white matter contrast-to-noise ratio optimization, potentially increasing ischaemic brain oedema visibility. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of VM and standard DE-CT reconstructions for early stroke detection.

Methods: Consecutive patients with non-contrast DE-CT of the brain scanned within 12 h of stroke symptom onset were prospectively included in the study.

Side-by-side evaluation of virtual non-contrast and post-contrast images improves detection of clinically significant urolithiasis on single-phase split bolus dual-energy CT urography.

Objectives: Studies show insufficient sensitivity of virtual non-contrast (VNC) reconstructions for stone detection in dual-energy CT urography (DE-CTU). The aim of this study was to investigate if side-by-side-evaluation of both VNC and post-contrast images could increase the sensitivity of single-phase split bolus DE-CTU.

Methods: Consecutive patients with haematuria who underwent split bolus DE-CTU on the same dual-source DE-CT scanner were retrospectively enrolled in the study.

Comparing image quality of single- and dual-energy computed tomography of the brain.

Purpose: Weighted average dual-energy computed tomography (DE-CT) reconstructions are considered a proxy of standard CT images of the brain, recommended for routine clinical use and used as a reference standard in DE-CT research. However, their image quality has not been assessed, which was the aim of our study.

Methods: Images from 81 consecutive patients who underwent both non-contrast single-energy (SE)-CT and DE-CT of the brain on the same scanner were retrospectively evaluated.

Burnout among Croatian physicians: a cross sectional national survey.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of burnout syndrome among physicians of all specialties, including residents and non-specialists, on a national level in Croatia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted in October 2017, used anonymous online survey based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey. The Croatian version of the inventory was assessed for acceptability, factorial validity, and reliability.

[[SATISFACTION OF YOUNG DOCTORS IN CROATIA: ARE WE HEADING IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION]?].

Introduction: The satisfaction of junior medical doctors is primarily associated with the training they receive during the residency period and working conditions. Given a considerable brain-drain of medical doctors from the Republic of Croatia, the present research focused on the evaluation of the satisfaction of junior medical doctors.

Methodology: The Junior Doctors Committee of the Croatian Medical Chamber prepared a questionnaire on the satisfaction of junior doctors.

The quality of informed consent in Croatia-a cross-sectional study and instrument development.

Objective: To examine the informed consent process implementation and quality in Croatia using a specially developed instrument.

Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted in 300 patients (response rate 73%) from six hospitals in Croatia, along with psychometric evaluation of the questionnaire.

Results: Signing the informed consent form was a formality for 64% of patients, 54% of patients did not give their written consent, and in 39% of cases physicians made treatment decisions by themselves.